中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (25): 4083-4088.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0964

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

间充质干细胞来源外泌体对肿瘤的调控效应

武 雪,钱曼青,吴东梁,赵晓寅   

  1. 浙江工业大学,浙江省杭州市 310014
  • 修回日期:2018-05-17 出版日期:2018-09-08 发布日期:2018-09-08
  • 通讯作者: 赵晓寅,博士,讲师,浙江工业大学,浙江省杭州市 310014
  • 作者简介:武雪,女,1992年生,安徽省人,汉族,浙江工业大学在读硕士,主要从事间充质干细胞及其来源外泌体对肿瘤的调控作用研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(31500739);浙江省自然科学基金(LQ15H160012,LY18B020020)

Anti-tumor effects of mesenchymal stem cell derived exosomes

Wu Xue, Qian Man-qing, Wu Dong-liang, Zhao Xiao-yin   

  1. Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
  • Revised:2018-05-17 Online:2018-09-08 Published:2018-09-08
  • Contact: Zhao Xiao-yin, M.D., Lecturer, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
  • About author:Wu Xue, Master candidate, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 31500739; Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China, No. LQ15H160012, LY18B020020

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
外泌体:
是直径介于30-150 nm之间,密度在1.13-1.19 g/mL之间,具有磷脂双分子膜的纳米级囊泡状结构。膜内包含着大量生物活性物质,如蛋白质、mRNA、microRNA、多肽及脂类等,是细胞间交流和信息传递的重要媒介。它们能够根据靶细胞表面的受体、配体,将其内含物靶向投递至特定的部位,并释放内含物发挥作用。
外泌体对肿瘤的调控作用:当机体中有肿瘤发生时,间充质干细胞能立即感知到“异常信号”的召唤,聚集至肿瘤微环境并发挥作用。间充质干细胞所分泌的外泌体能够携带大量的蛋白质和遗传信息,通过将携带的治疗基因传递至靶细胞,从而调控肿瘤细胞生长。在多因素的综合影响下,间充质干细胞来源外泌体对肿瘤的调控作用不尽相同,主要表现为促进或者抑制作用,这种争议性的研究结果严重阻碍了间充质干细胞应用于肿瘤治疗的进程,也让人们不得不担心间充质干细胞应用于肿瘤治疗的安全性。因此文章对近些年该领域的研究进展做一个详细综述。

 

摘要
背景:
间充质干细胞能够在静息及应激状态下产生大量外泌体,其分泌的外泌体具有与间充质干细胞相似的生物学功能,是介导细胞间信息交流及传递的重要因素,但间充质干细胞来源外泌体对肿瘤的作用及机制仍不清楚。
目的:在阐明外泌体来源、发现及生物学特性的基础上,归纳总结近些年间充质干细胞来源外泌体在肿瘤中的研究进展,展望间充质干细胞来源外泌体在肿瘤临床治疗上的应用前景,提出间充质干细胞来源外泌体在肿瘤治疗应用中存在的问题及解决办法。
方法:检索1980至2018年间,间充质干细胞来源外泌体与肿瘤相关的国内外文献。中文检索词为“间充质干细胞,外泌体,间充质干细胞来源外泌体,干细胞,肿瘤”,英文检索词为“mesenchymal stem cell, exosomes,tumor,cancer”,最终共纳入55篇文献进行分析综述。
结果与结论:①许多研究显示,间充质干细胞来源外泌体具有与亲代细胞类似的生物学活性,能够归巢至肿瘤部位,释放活性因子发挥作用,作为细胞治疗的替代手段具有很大的应用前景;②研究发现间充质干细胞来源外泌体对肿瘤的作用存在争议,有研究认为间充质干细胞来源外泌体能够通过传递microRNA、激活Wnt通路等机制促进肿瘤的生长和转移,也有报道认为其会通过多种机制抑制肿瘤细胞生长和转移;③阐明不同间充质干细胞来源外泌体对各类肿瘤的作用及机制,并解决间充质干细胞来源外泌体的质量控制、分离纯化方法及疗效稳定性等问题,有望推进间充质干细胞来源外泌体成为肿瘤治疗的新手段。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0002-5567-1325(武雪)

关键词: 间充质干细胞, 外泌体, 肿瘤, 干细胞, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can secret a lot of exosomes in resting and stress states. What’s more, MSCs-derived exosomes (MSC-exo) have similar functions to the maternal MSCs, and play an important role in cell communication and information delivery. However, the mechanisms of MSCs-exo in tumors are still unclear and controversial.
OBJECTIVE: On the basis of clarifying the source and biological characteristics of exosomes, to systematically summarize the research process of MSC-exo on tumor cells in recent years, to prospect the application of MSC-exo in the clinical treatment of tumors, and to summarize the exists problems and solutions in the clinical application of MSC-exo.
METHODS: MSC-exo and tumor related literatures published from 1980 to 2018 were retrieved using the key words of “mesenchymal stem cell, exosomes, stem cells, tumor, cancer” in English and Chinese, respectively. Finally 55 articles were retrieved and analyzed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Numerous studies have shown that MSC-exo have similar biological activities with parental cells, and they can also home to the tumor site, release active factors and have a great application prospect as an alternative to the cell therapy. Currently, the role of MSC-exo in tumors is still controversial. Some studies have suggested that MSC-exo can promote tumor growth and metastasis through the delivery of microRNAs and activation of Wnt pathways. However, in another studies, MSC-exo has been shown to inhibit tumor cell growth and metastasis by special cellular interactions. Many problems still need to be solved, such as elucidating the effects and mechanisms of different MSC-exo on various types of tumors, and solving the problems concerning quality control, separation and purification and therapeutic stability of MSC-exo. If the existing problems can be solved one by one, MSC-exo will be expected to be a new means for cancer therapy.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

Key words: Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Exosomes, Neoplasms, Tissue Engineering

中图分类号: