中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 691-700.doi: 10.12307/2026.010

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

细胞焦亡与炎症因子在骨质疏松症发生中的作用与机制

许嘉木1,杨  城2,李玮民3,王春庆4   

  1. 国家自然科学基金项目(82060271),项目名称:MIR155HG通过调控DKK1转录本稳定性/β -catenin丰度的双信号轴参与绝经后骨质疏松发病的机制研究,项目负责人:王春庆;国家自然科学基金项目(82460300),项目名称:基于m6A修饰探讨ALKBH5促进成骨细胞焦亡参与绝经后骨质疏松发生发展的机制研究,项目负责人:王春庆
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-20 接受日期:2025-02-06 出版日期:2026-01-28 发布日期:2025-07-05
  • 通讯作者: 王春庆,副教授,主任医师,贵州医科大学附属医院急诊骨科,贵州省贵阳市 550000
  • 作者简介:许嘉木,男,1998年生,贵州省盘州市人,汉族,贵州医科大学在读硕士,主要从事骨质疏松相关的科研工作。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82060271),项目名称:MIR155HG通过调控DKK1转录本稳定性/β -catenin丰度的双信号轴参与绝经后骨质疏松发病的机制研究,项目负责人:王春庆;国家自然科学基金项目(82460300),项目名称:基于m6A修饰探讨ALKBH5促进成骨细胞焦亡参与绝经后骨质疏松发生发展的机制研究,项目负责人:王春庆

Role and pathogenesis of pyroptosis and inflammatory factors in osteoporosis

Xu Jiamu1, Yang Cheng2, Li Weimin3, Wang Chunqing4   

  1. 1School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550000, Guizhou Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Guizhou Hospital of Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Guiyang 550000, Guizhou Province, China; 3Department of Orthopedics, Guiyang Fourth People's Hospital, Guiyang 550000, Guizhou Province, China; 4Department of Emergency Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550000, Guizhou Province, China 

  • Received:2024-12-20 Accepted:2025-02-06 Online:2026-01-28 Published:2025-07-05
  • Contact: Wang Chunqing, Associate professor, Chief physician, Department of Emergency Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550000, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Xu Jiamu, Master candidate, School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550000, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos. 82060271 and 82460300 (both to WCQ)

摘要:

文题释义

骨质疏松症:是一种骨代谢性疾病,特征是骨量减少和骨组织微结构破坏,导致骨骼脆性和骨折易感性增加。骨质疏松症与骨代谢中的成骨及破骨分化稳态失衡致骨吸收增加有着紧密联系。
细胞焦亡:又称细胞炎性坏死,是一种程序性细胞死亡,细胞不断胀大直至细胞膜破裂,导致细胞内容物释放进而激活强烈的炎症反应。

摘要
背景:研究表明,细胞焦亡、炎症因子和骨质疏松之间存在密切关联。
目的:以细胞焦亡的概述与相关炎症因子相互作用的关系为出发点,从成骨分化及破骨分化两个角度概述细胞焦亡与炎症因子对骨质疏松症发生机制的作用及研究进展。
方法:由第一作者应用计算机检索各数据库建库至2024年发表的文献,以“细胞焦亡,炎症因子,骨质疏松,成骨细胞,破骨细胞,骨代谢,信号通路,综述”等为中文检索词检索中国知网、万方和维普数据库;以“Pyroptosis,inflammatory factors,Osteoporosis,osteoblasts,osteoclasts,bone metabolism, Signaling pathways,review”等为英文检索词检索PubMed数据库,按照入选标准最终纳入79篇文献进行综述。
结果与结论:骨质疏松症的进展与炎症密切相关,并且细胞焦亡在其中起关键作用。免疫细胞等通过凋亡途径引发焦亡,促使白细胞介素18、白细胞介素1β和NLRP3 等炎症因子分泌,构建炎症免疫微环境,经复杂信号通路调节骨代谢,致使骨吸收增强、骨形成减少,引发骨质疏松。先前的研究证实,抑制焦亡可抗炎并减缓骨质疏松症的进展,体外及动物模型也显示其能改善炎症性骨质流失。当前,细胞焦亡与骨质疏松症的研究存在局限:一方面,骨质疏松症的确切机制及细胞焦亡参与的发病机制不明,具体通路与调控机制待解;另一方面,靶向细胞焦亡的治疗策略尚处理论设想阶段,未经临床验证,药物不良反应未知。未来的研究重点是深入探究发病机制,尤其是细胞焦亡作用机制,确定潜在治疗靶点,深入研究焦亡信号通路及 Gasdermin 蛋白,开发新药,改善骨质疏松症的治疗效果。


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨质疏松症, 细胞焦亡, 炎症因子, 成骨细胞, 破骨细胞, 信号通路, 工程化组织构建

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that there is a close relationship between pyroptosis, inflammatory factors and osteoporosis.
OBJECTIVE: To review the effects of pyroptosis and inflammatory factors on the pathogenesis of osteoporosis from the perspectives of osteogenic differentiation and osteoclastic differentiation, based on an overview of pyroptosis in relation to the interaction of relevant inflammatory factors.
METHODS: The first author used the computer to search the literature published by each database until 2024, and searched CNKI, WanFang, VIP and PubMed databases with the search terms of “pyroptosis, inflammatory factors, osteoporosis, osteoblast, osteoclast, bone metabolism, signaling pathway, review” in Chinese and English. A total of 79 papers were finally included according to the inclusion criteria.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The progression of osteoporosis is closely related to inflammation, in which pyroptosis plays a key role. Immune cells induce pyroptosis through apoptosis pathway, promote the secretion of inflammatory factors such as interleukin-18, interleukin-1β and NLRP3, build an inflammatory immune microenvironment, and regulate bone metabolism through complex signaling pathways, resulting in enhanced bone absorption and reduced bone formation, thereby leading to osteoporosis. Previous studies have shown that inhibiting pyroptosis is anti-inflammatory and slows the progression of osteoporosis, and it has been shown to improve inflammatory bone loss in vitro and in animal models. At present, research on pyroptosis and osteoporosis is limited. On the one hand, the exact mechanism of osteoporosis and the pathogenesis of pyroptosis are unknown, and the specific pathways and regulatory mechanisms remain to be understood. On the other hand, therapeutic strategies targeting pyroptosis are still theoretical, not clinically proven, and drug side effects are unknown. In the future, the research focus is to further explore the pathogenesis, especially the mechanism of pyroptosis, identify potential therapeutic targets, further study the pyroptosis signaling pathway and Gasdermin protein, and develop new drugs to improve the therapeutic effect in patients with osteoporosis.


Key words: osteoporosis, pyroptosis, inflammatory factors, osteoblast, osteoclast, signaling pathway, engineered tissue construction

中图分类号: