中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 671-679.doi: 10.12307/2026.012

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

血管内皮生长因子A 靶向调控血管化治疗激素性股骨头坏死的机制

王正业,刘万林,赵振群   

  1. 内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院儿童骨科医学中心,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市 010090
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-21 接受日期:2025-02-15 出版日期:2026-01-28 发布日期:2025-07-05
  • 通讯作者: 刘万林,硕士,教授,内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院儿童骨科医学中心,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市 010090 共同通讯作者:赵振群,博士,教授,内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院儿童骨科医学中心,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市 010090
  • 作者简介:王正业,男,1997年生,内蒙古自治区准格尔旗人,汉族,在读硕士,主要从事髋关节的相关研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(81960397,82260424),项目负责人:刘万林;国家自然科学基金项目(82160414,81760391),项目负责人:赵振群;内蒙古自治区成果转化项目(CGZH2018146),项目负责人:刘万林

Mechanism by which vascular endothelial growth factor A targets regulation of angiogenesis in the treatment of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head

Wang Zhengye, Liu Wanlin, Zhao Zhenqun   

  1. Children's Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010090, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2024-11-21 Accepted:2025-02-15 Online:2026-01-28 Published:2025-07-05
  • Contact: Liu Wanlin, MS, Professor, Children's Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010090, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China Co-corresponding author: Zhao Zhenqun, MD, Professor, Children's Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010090, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Wang Zhengye, Master candidate, Children's Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010090, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos. 81960397 and 82260424 (both to LWL); National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos 82160414 and 81760391 (both to ZZQ); the Achievement Transformation Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, No. CGZH2018146 (to LWL)

摘要:

文题释义

激素诱导的股骨头坏死:其特征是股骨头血供中断和软骨下骨坏死,导致关节功能障碍。长期使用糖皮质激素是其主要诱因,病理机制涉及多个因素,包括血管内凝血和骨细胞凋亡等。
血管内皮生长因子A:是一种具有高度特异性促血管生成活性的生长因子,它通过与血管内皮细胞上的血管内皮生长因子受体结合,激活下游信号通路,诱导内皮细胞迁移及增殖,以促进血管的生成。

摘要
背景:激素诱导的股骨头坏死是一种严重的骨科疾病,其特征是股骨头血供中断和软骨下骨坏死,最终导致关节功能障碍。长期使用糖皮质激素是激素性股骨头坏死的主要诱因,其病理机制涉及多个因素,包括血管内凝血和骨细胞凋亡等。血管内皮生长因子A作为关键的血管生成因子,在激素诱性股骨头坏死的治疗中具有潜在价值。
目的:总结血管内皮生长因子A在激素性股骨头坏死中的作用机制,包括它在促进血管生成、抗凋亡以及调节脂质代谢等方面的研究进展,并讨论血管内皮生长因子A靶向治疗的临床应用前景。
方法:通过检索PubMed、中国知网、万方数据库及维普数据库建库至2024年11月发表的文献,筛选出与血管内皮生长因子A靶向调控血管化治疗激素性股骨头坏死相关的文献。经过质量评估,共筛选出71篇文献,由独立的研究者提取数据,并通过小组讨论解决分歧。
结果与结论:①血管内皮生长因子A通过与其受体内皮生长因子受体1,2结合,激活下游信号通路,促进血管内皮细胞的增殖、迁移和血管生成,因此它能促进侧支循环的形成,改善骨坏死区域的血液供应;②血管内皮生长因子A的表达降低可能导致骨组织内血管数量减少,加剧股骨头的缺血状态;此外,血管内皮生长因子A具有抗凋亡作用,能够减少骨细胞和骨髓细胞的凋亡,从而保护骨组织;③血管内皮生长因子A在调节脂质代谢和炎症反应中的作用及促进骨髓间充质干细胞的成骨分化,为激素诱导的股骨头坏死的治疗提供了新的视角;④血管内皮生长因子A蛋白递送系统的开发,如脂质纳米粒和基于外泌体的递送系统,为血管内皮生长因子A的临床应用提供了新的可能性;⑤血管内皮生长因子A在激素性股骨头坏死治疗中的研究进展为开发新的治疗策略提供了坚实的基础,并为未来的研究方向和临床应用开辟了新的道路;⑥随着对血管内皮生长因子A作用机制的进一步阐明和递送技术的不断进步,将为激素诱导的股骨头坏死患者提供更有效的治疗方法,改善其预后。


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 血管内皮生长因子A, 激素性股骨头坏死, 磷脂酰肌醇3激酶, 丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶B, 细胞凋亡, 细胞外囊泡, 工程化组织
构建

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SANFH) is a severe orthopedic disease characterized by interruption of the blood supply to the femoral head and necrosis of subchondral bone, leading to joint dysfunction. Long-term use of glucocorticoids is the main cause of SANFH, and its pathogenesis involves multiple factors, including intravascular coagulation and osteocyte apoptosis. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), as a key angiogenic factor, has potential value in the treatment of SANFH.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the mechanisms of action of VEGF-A in SANFH, including its progress in promoting angiogenesis, anti-apoptosis, and lipid metabolism regulation, and to discuss the prospects for clinical application of VEGF-A targeted therapy.
METHODS: Literature related to VEGF-A targeted regulation of angiogenesis in the treatment of SANFH was identified through searches of PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, and WanFang databases from database inception to November 2024. After quality assessment, 71 articles were selected, data were extracted by independent researchers, and disagreements were resolved through group discussions.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) VEGF-A binds to its receptors VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2, activating downstream signaling pathways that promote the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of endothelial cells. Therefore, it can promote the formation of collateral circulation and improve blood supply to the area of bone necrosis. (2) Reduced expression of VEGF-A may lead to a decrease in the number of blood vessels within bone tissue, exacerbating the ischemic state of the femoral head. Furthermore, VEGF-A has anti-apoptotic effects and reduce apoptosis in osteocytes and bone marrow cells, thus protecting bone tissue. (3) The role of VEGF-A in regulating lipid metabolism and inflammatory responses, as well as promoting the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, provides a new perspective for the treatment of SANFH. (4) The development of VEGF-A protein delivery systems, such as lipid nanoparticles and exosome-based delivery systems, offers new possibilities for the clinical application of VEGF-A. (5) The research progress of VEGF-A in SANFH treatment has laid a solid foundation for the development of new treatment strategies and has opened up new avenues for future research directions and clinical applications. (6) With further clarification of the mechanisms of action of VEGF-A and continuous advancements in delivery technologies, more effective treatments will be provided for SANFH patients, improving their prognosis.

Key words: vascular endothelial growth factor A, steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head, phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase, serine/threonine protein kinase B, apoptosis, extracellular vesicles, engineered tissue construction

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