中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (15): 3820-3831.doi: 10.12307/2026.191

• 骨与关节有限元分析Finite element analysis of bones and joints • 上一篇    下一篇

腰椎深层固有肌群被动支撑对腰椎影响的有限元分析

李春超1,居来提·买提肉孜1,解学晨1,张  乐1,王轶希2,帕尔哈提·热西提2   

  1. 1新疆大学机械工程学院,智能制造现代产业学院,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市   830017;2新疆医科大学第一附属医院脊柱微创及精准骨科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市   830054
  • 接受日期:2025-07-19 出版日期:2026-05-28 发布日期:2025-11-05
  • 通讯作者: 居来提·买提肉孜,副教授,新疆大学机械工程学院,智能制造现代产业学院,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830017
  • 作者简介:李春超,男,1997年生,山西省大同市人,汉族,新疆大学在读硕士,主要从事机械设计及理论研究。
  • 基金资助:
    “天山英才”医药卫生高层次人才培养计划基金(TSYC202301B026),项目负责人:帕尔哈提·热西提;中国医学科学院第三届中国健康长寿创新大赛项目资助项目(2022-JKCS-19),项目负责人:帕尔哈提·热西提

Finite element analysis of effect of passive support of deep intrinsic lumbar muscle groups on the lumbar spine

Li Chunchao1, Julaiti·Maitirouzi1, Xie Xuechen1, Zhang Le1, Wang Yixi2, Paerhati·Rexiti2   

  1. 1School of Intelligent Manufacturing and Modern Industry, College of Mechanical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; 2Department of Minimally Invasive Spine and Precision Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Accepted:2025-07-19 Online:2026-05-28 Published:2025-11-05
  • Contact: Julaiti·Maitirouzi, Associate professor, School of Intelligent Manufacturing and Modern Industry, College of Mechanical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Li Chunchao, Master candidate, School of Intelligent Manufacturing and Modern Industry, College of Mechanical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    "Tianshan Talents" Medical and Health High-level Talent Training Program Fund, No. TSYC202301B026 (to PR); Third China Health and Longevity Innovation Competition Project of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 2022-JKCS-19 (to PR) 

摘要:

文题释义:

被动支撑:指肌肉实体在非主动收缩状态下,通过肌肉组织固有的生物力学特性对骨骼和关节提供的稳定性贡献。与主动收缩不同,这种支撑不依赖神经驱动,只是单纯的作为一个弹性体起到支撑作用。
有限元分析:一种用于求解复杂工程问题的数值计算方法。它将连续的物理系统(如结构、流体等)离散化为由许多小型、简单的有限元单元,再通过计算机模拟分析这些单元的力学或物理行为,最终得到整体系统的近似解。

摘要
背景:基于有限元分析的腰椎生物力学建模技术,因能够量化评估腰椎活动度和椎间盘等结构的应力分布特征,已成为研究腰椎疾病发生机制和手术方案优化的重要工具。目前常见的腰椎有限元模型包含椎骨、椎间盘、终板、关节软骨和韧带等,现有研究中的腰椎有限元模型普遍未考虑腰椎深层固有肌群被动支撑对腰椎节段稳定性的影响。
目的:通过建立包含腰椎深层固有肌群的腰骶椎骨骼肌肉有限元模型,并利用有限元分析比较腰骶椎骨骼有限元模型与腰骶椎骨骼肌肉有限元模型的生物力学差异。
方法:基于1名27岁健康志愿者的 CT 数据重建腰骶椎骨骼有限元模型,在此基础上重建腰椎深层固有肌群。通过有限元分析不同工况增加腰椎深层固有肌群被动支撑后腰椎活动度、椎间盘应力和椎体皮质骨应力的变化,评估腰椎深层固有肌群被动支撑对腰椎的调节作用。
结果与结论:施加相同的载荷后,在前屈、后伸、左右侧弯、左右轴向旋转、前屈与轴向旋转复合的工况下:①腰椎活动度:添加肌肉被动支撑的腰骶椎骨骼肌肉有限元模型活动度均小于腰骶椎骨骼有限元模型,且肌肉种类越多活动度越小,其中包含腰椎横突间外侧肌和腰椎回旋肌的腰骶椎骨骼肌肉模型活动度小于腰骶椎骨骼有限元模型,而包含腰椎横突间外侧肌、腰椎回旋肌和腰椎多裂肌的腰骶椎骨骼肌肉模型活动度是最小的;②椎间盘和椎体皮质骨应力:腰骶椎骨骼有限元模型中,肌肉被动支撑因素的加入降低了椎间盘和椎体的最大应力值,但是它们的应力呈现出相似的分布,而且应力降低程度与肌肉数量相关,其中包含腰椎横突间外侧肌和腰椎回旋肌的腰骶椎骨骼肌肉有限元模型椎间盘和椎体皮质骨最大应力值小于腰骶椎骨骼有限元模型,而包含腰椎横突间外侧肌、腰椎回旋肌和腰椎多裂肌的腰骶椎骨骼肌肉模型椎间盘和椎体皮质骨最大应力值是最小的。提示腰椎深层固有肌群被动支撑对腰椎活动范围、椎间盘应力和椎体皮质骨应力都起到了减缓作用,尤其在前屈、后伸、左右侧弯、前屈与轴向旋转复合的工况下减缓效果较好。



中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 腰椎, 肌群, 模型, 有限元分析, 腰椎活动度, 椎间盘, 皮质骨, 应力

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Finite element analysis based lumbar biomechanical modeling technology, because it can quantitatively assess the lumbar range of motion and disc and other structures of stress distribution characteristics, has become an important tool to study the mechanism of lumbar diseases and surgical plan optimization. At present, the common finite element models of lumbar spine include vertebrae, intervertebral discs, endplates, articular cartilage and ligaments. The existing finite element models of lumbar spine generally do not consider the effect of passive support of deep intrinsic muscle groups on the stability of lumbar spine segments.
OBJECTIVE: A finite element model of the lumbosacral musculoskeletal muscles containing the deep intrinsic muscle groups of the lumbar spine was established, and the biomechanical differences between the lumbosacral skeletal finite element model and the lumbosacral skeletal muscle finite element model were compared using finite element analysis.
METHODS: A finite element model of the lumbosacral spine skeleton was reconstructed based on CT data from a healthy volunteer aged 27 years, and the deep intrinsic lumbar muscle groups were reconstructed on this basis. The effect of passive support on lumbar spine was evaluated by finite element analysis of the changes of lumbar range of motion, intervertebral disc stress, and vertebral cortical bone stress after increasing passive support of lumbar deep intrinsic muscle groups at different working conditions.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After applying the same load, under the combined conditions of forward flexion, extension, left and right lateral bending, left and right axial rotation, forward flexion and axial rotation: (1) Lumbar range of motion: The range of motion of lumbosacral musculoskeletal finite element model with passive muscle support was less than that of lumbosacral skeletal finite element model, and the more types of muscles, the smaller the range of motion. The range of motion of lumbosacral musculoskeletal model including lumbar intertransverse lateral muscles and lumbar circumflex muscles was less than that of lumbosacral skeletal finite element model, while the range of motion of lumbosacral musculoskeletal model including lumbar intertransverse lateral muscles, lumbar circumflex muscles and lumbar multifidus muscles was the smallest. (2) Intervertebral disc and vertebral cortical stress: In the lumbosacral skeletal finite element model, the addition of passive muscle support factors reduced the maximum stress values of the intervertebral disc and vertebral body, but their stresses showed a similar distribution, and the degree of stress reduction was related to the number of muscles, in which the lumbosacral musculoskeletal model including the lumbar intertransverse lateral muscles and lumbar circumflex muscles had smaller maximum stress values of the intervertebral disc and vertebral cortical bone than the lumbosacral skeletal finite element model, while the lumbosacral musculoskeletal model including the lumbar intertransverse lateral muscles, lumbar circumflex muscles and lumbar multifidus muscles had the smallest maximum stress values of the intervertebral disc and vertebral cortical bone. It is suggested that passive support of deep intrinsic muscles of lumbar spine slows down the range of motion, intervertebral disc stress and cortical bone stress of lumbar spine, especially under the conditions of forward flexion, extension, left and right lateral bending, forward flexion and axial rotation.

Key words: lumbar spine, muscle groups, model, finite element analysis, lumbar range of motion, intervertebral disc, cortical bone, stress

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