中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (12): 2965-2974.doi: 10.12307/2026.660

• 骨组织构建 bone tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

谷氨酰胺对激素诱导骨微血管内皮细胞凋亡的影响

昝永锋,宋科官,刘玉达   

  1. 哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院,黑龙江省哈尔滨市  150000
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-07 接受日期:2025-07-31 出版日期:2026-04-28 发布日期:2025-09-28
  • 通讯作者: 宋科官,主任医师,哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院,黑龙江省哈尔滨市 150000
  • 作者简介:昝永锋,男,1994年生,安徽省亳州市人,汉族,哈尔滨医科大学在读硕士,主要从事骨与关节外科疾病研究。
  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省仁芯骨健康医疗救助基金会项目(2022HX031),项目负责人:宋科官

Glutamine regulates the effect of hormones on the apoptosis of bone microvascular endothelial cells

Zan Yongfeng, Song Keguan, Liu Yuda   

  1. The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • Received:2025-03-07 Accepted:2025-07-31 Online:2026-04-28 Published:2025-09-28
  • Contact: Song Keguan, Chief physician, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • About author:Zan Yongfeng, MS candidate, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Heilongjiang Renxin Bone Health Medical Relief Foundation Project, No. 2022HX031 (to SKG)

摘要:

文题释义:

谷氨酰胺:广泛分布于人体组织细胞中,属于非必需氨基酸。在体内,谷氨酰胺有助于促进蛋白质合成、增强免疫力、加速伤口愈合、促进细胞生长等生理功能。
磷脂酰肌醇3激酶/蛋白激酶B/哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白信号通路:是一条关键的细胞增殖与存活调节途径,它影响着细胞的增殖、凋亡、黏附、迁移及新生血管形成。

背景:糖皮质激素能够显著抑制人股骨头骨微血管内皮细胞中磷脂酰肌醇3激酶/蛋白激酶B /哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin,PI3K/Akt/mTOR)信号通路相关蛋白的表达,从而触发细胞的程序性死亡和坏死过程。已有证据表明谷氨酰胺能够激活PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路。
目的:探究谷氨酰胺对糖皮质激素诱导骨微血管内皮细胞凋亡的影响。
方法:从SD大鼠双侧股骨头中分离提取骨微血管内皮细胞,取传代第3代骨微血管内皮细胞,培养12 h后分4组处理:对照组常规培养
24 h,糖皮质激素组加入甲基泼尼松龙琥珀酸钠处理24 h,糖皮质激素+谷氨酰胺组加入甲基泼尼松龙琥珀酸钠处理12 h后添加谷氨酰胺处理12 h,糖皮质激素+谷氨酰胺+LY294002组加入甲基泼尼松龙琥珀酸钠处理12 h后添加谷氨酰胺处理6 h,再加入PI3K/Akt信号通路抑制剂LY294002处理6 h。培养结束后,AO-PI双重荧光染色及Annexin V/PI双染流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡,RT-qPCR检测BCL-2、Bax、PI3K、Akt、mTOR mRNA表达,Western Blot检测BCL-2、Bax、PI3K、Akt、mTOR、p-PI3K、p-Akt、p-mTOR蛋白表达。
结果与结论:①糖皮质激素组细胞凋亡率高于对照组、糖皮质激素+谷氨酰胺组(P < 0.05),糖皮质激素+谷氨酰胺+LY294002组细胞凋亡率高于糖皮质激素+谷氨酰胺组(P < 0.05);②糖皮质激素组BCL-2、PI3K、Akt、mTOR mRNA表达低于对照组、糖皮质激素+谷氨酰胺组(P < 0.05),Bax mRNA表达高于对照组、糖皮质激素+谷氨酰胺组(P < 0.05);糖皮质激素+谷氨酰胺+LY294002组BCL-2、PI3K、Akt、mTOR mRNA表达低于糖皮质激素+谷氨酰胺组(P < 0.05),Bax mRNA表达高于糖皮质激素+谷氨酰胺组(P < 0.05);③糖皮质激素组BCL-2、PI3K、Akt、mTOR、p-PI3K、p-Akt、p-mTOR蛋白表达低于对照组、糖皮质激素+谷氨酰胺组(P < 0.05),Bax蛋白达高于对照组、糖皮质激素+
谷氨酰胺组(P < 0.05);糖皮质激素+谷氨酰胺+LY294002组BCL-2、PI3K、Akt、mTOR、p-PI3K、p-Akt、p-mTOR蛋白表达低于糖皮质激素+谷氨酰胺组(P < 0.05),Bax蛋白表达高于糖皮质激素+谷氨酰胺组(P < 0.05);④结果表明,谷氨酰胺通过激活PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路减少糖皮质激素诱导的骨微血管内皮细胞凋亡。

https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6696-0813(昝永锋)


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 糖皮质激素, 凋亡, 激素性股骨头坏死, 谷氨酰胺, 内皮细胞, LY294002, 信号通路, 股骨头
缩略语:磷脂酰肌醇3激酶/蛋白激酶B/哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白:phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin,
PI3K/Akt/mTOR

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Glucocorticoids can significantly inhibit the expression of proteins related to the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in bone microvascular endothelial cells, thereby triggering programmed cell death and necrosis. Glutamine has been shown to activate the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
OBJECTIVE: To explore how glutamine regulates the effect of glucocorticoids on the apoptosis of bone microvascular endothelial cells.
METHODS: Bone microvascular endothelial cells were extracted from the femoral head tissues of Sprague-Dawley rats under aseptic conditions. Passage 3 bone microvascular endothelial cells were cultured for 12 hours and then divided into four groups: the control group was routinely cultured for 24 hours, the glucocorticoid group was cultured with methylprednisolone sodium succinate for 24 hours, the glucocorticoid+glutamine group was cultured with methylprednisolone sodium succinate for 12 hours and then with glutamine for 12 hours, and the glucocorticoid+glutamine+LY294002 group was cultured with methylprednisolone sodium succinate for 12 hours followed by addition of glutamine treatment for 6 hours and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway inhibitor LY294002 for 6 hours. After culture, cell apoptosis was detected by AO-PI double fluorescence staining and Annexin V/PI double staining by flow cytometry; BCL-2, Bax, PI3K, Akt, mTOR mRNA expression was detected by RT-qPCR; and western blot was used to detect BCL-2, Bax, PI3K, Akt, mTOR, p-PI3K, p-Akt, and p-mTOR protein expression. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The apoptosis rate was higher in the glucocorticoid group than in the control group and the glucocorticoid+glutamine group (P < 0.05), and the apoptosis rate was higher in the glucocorticoid+glutamine+LY294002 group than in the glucocorticoid+glutamine group (P < 0.05). (2) BCL-2, PI3K, Akt, mTOR mRNA expression in the glucocorticoid group was lower than that in the control group and glucocorticoid+glutamine group (P < 0.05), and Bax mRNA expression was higher than that in the control group and glucocorticoid+glutamine group (P < 0.05); BCL-2, PI3K, and mTOR expression in the glucocorticoid+glutamine+LY294002 group was lower than that in the glucocorticoid+glutamine group (P < 0.05), and Bax mRNA expression was higher than that in the glucocorticoid+glutamine group (P < 0.05). (3) BCL-2, PI3K, Akt, mTOR, p-PI3K, p-Akt, p-mTOR protein expression in the glucocorticoid group was lower than that in the control group and the glucocorticoid+glutamine group (P < 0.05), and Bax proteins were higher than that in the control group and the glucocorticoid+glutamine group (P < 0.05); BCL-2, PI3K, Akt, mTOR, p-PI3K, p-Akt, p-mTOR protein expression in the glucocorticoid+glutamine+LY294002 group was lower than that in the glucocorticoid+glutamine group (P < 0.05) and Bax protein expression was higher than that in the glucocorticoid+glutamine group (P < 0.05). To conclude, glutamine reduces glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis in bone microvascular endothelial cells through activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.

Key words: glucocorticoid, apoptosis, steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head, glutamine, endothelial cells, LY294002, signaling pathway, femoral head

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