中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (27): 5819-5825.doi: 10.12307/2025.183

• 人工假体Artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

全膝关节置换前膝关节伸屈肌肌肉力量与置换后步态功能的关系

张一龙1,2,吴婉玲1,3,杨文武1,2,吴鸿涛1,2,刘文刚1,2,何敏仪2,赵传喜1,2   

  1. 广州中医药大学,1第五临床医学院,3针灸康复临床医学院,广东省广州市   510405;3 广东省第二中医院,广东省广州市   510095
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-04 接受日期:2024-04-30 出版日期:2025-09-28 发布日期:2025-03-05
  • 通讯作者: 赵传喜,主任中医师,广州中医药大学第五临床医学院,广东省广州市 510405;广东省第二中医院,广东省广州市 510095
  • 作者简介:张一龙,男,1997年生,广东省紫金县人,汉族,广州中医药大学在读硕士,主要从事中医药防治退行性骨关节疾病方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    广东省中医药局科研项目(20223004),项目负责人:赵传喜;广东省科技厅基础与影响基础研究省企联合项目(2022A1515220157),项目负责人:刘文刚;广东省中医药局科研项目(20231028),项目负责人:何敏仪

Correlation between preoperative knee extensor and flexor muscle strength and postoperative gait function in total knee arthroplasty

Zhang Yilong1, 2, Wu Wanling1, 3, Yang Wenwu1, 2, Wu Hongtao1, 2, Liu Wengang1, 2, He Minyi2, Zhao Chuanxi1, 2   

  1. 1Fifth Clinical Medical College, 3Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China; 2Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou 510095, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2024-01-04 Accepted:2024-04-30 Online:2025-09-28 Published:2025-03-05
  • Contact: Zhao Chuanxi, Chief physician, Fifth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou 510095, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Yilong, Master candidate, Fifth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou 510095, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Research Project of Guangdong Provincial Bureau of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 20223004 (to ZCX); Basic and Impact Basic Research Provincial Enterprise Joint Project of Guangdong Provincial Department of Science and Technology, No. 2022A1515220157 (to LWG); Research Project of Guangdong Provincial Bureau of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 20231028 (to HMY)

摘要:

文题释义:

峰力矩:指肌肉收缩过程中产生的最大力矩,即力矩曲线上最高点处的力矩值,峰力矩在等速肌力相关指标中稳定性最好,可信度最高,是等速肌力测试中的黄金指标。
峰力矩/体质量:指单位体质量的峰力矩,代表相对峰力矩,可使用峰力矩/体质量进行不同体质量个体与人群之间的肌力比较。
总功量:肌肉收缩所做的全部的功,也可反映肌力和运动功能。
步态功能:包括10 m步行测试的步态速度和TUG测试,国际骨关节炎研究学会推荐作为骨关节炎患者步态功能评估的核心指标。

摘要
背景:步态功能障碍是导致全膝关节置换后患者不满的重要原因之一,临床研究中发现术前股四头肌和腘绳肌的肌肉力量与术后步态功能障碍有关,但其相关性目前尚不完全清楚。
目的:探讨全膝关节置换前以股四头肌为主的伸肌、以腘绳肌为主的屈肌肌肉力量与置换后步态功能等的相关性。
方法:回顾性分析 70 例接受单侧初次全膝关节置换患者的纵向数据,术前测量伸屈肌的峰力矩、峰力矩体质量比、总功数据,术后 6 个月测量起立-步行计时测试结果和步态速度。使用岭回归分析确定术后步态功能的影响因素。
结果与结论:①术前伸肌峰力矩、峰力矩体质量比、总功以及屈肌峰力矩、总功与术后步态速度呈非常强正相关(P < 0.001),术前屈肌峰力矩体质量比与术后步态速度呈强正相关(P < 0.001);术前伸肌、屈肌峰力矩、峰力矩体质量比、总功与术后起立-步行计时测试结果呈非常强负相关(P < 0.001);②岭回归分析中,94.2%可能性可说明术前伸肌峰力矩、峰力矩体质量比、总功及屈肌峰力矩、总功对全膝关节置换后患者的步态速度具有正向影响(P < 0.001),术前屈肌峰力矩体质量比对术后步态速度具有负向影响(P < 0.001);87.7%可能性说明术前伸肌峰力矩、峰力矩体质量比、总功及屈肌峰力矩、总功对术后起立-步行计时测试具有负向影响(P < 0.05),而屈肌峰力矩体质量比对术后起立-步行计时测试无影响(P > 0.05);③提示全膝关节置换前股四头肌、腘绳肌肌肉力量的大小与置换后步态速度、起立-步行计时测试结果相关,可预测术后步态功能结果;加强置换前膝关节肌肉锻炼可能是减缓全膝关节置换后步态障碍发生的途径。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 全膝关节置换, 峰力矩, 步态功能, 起立-步行计时测试, 步态速度

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Gait dysfunction is one of the significant reasons for patient dissatisfaction following total knee arthroplasty. Clinical studies have identified a relationship between the preoperative strength of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles and postoperative gait dysfunction, but the exact nature of this correlation is not yet fully understood.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation between the preoperative strength of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles and postoperative gait dysfunction in total knee arthroplasty. 
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on longitudinal data from 70 patients who underwent unilateral primary total knee arthroplasty. Preoperative measurements included peak torque of the extensor and flexor muscles, peak torque/body weight, and total work. Six months postoperatively, the Timed Up and Go Test and gait speed were measured. Ridge regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing postoperative gait function. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Preoperative peak torque, peak torque/body weight, and total work of the extensor muscles, as well as the peak torque and total work of the flexor muscles, showed a very strong positive correlation with postoperative gait speed (P < 0.001). The preoperative flexor muscle peak torque/body weight had a strong positive correlation with postoperative gait speed (P < 0.001). Preoperative extensor and flexor muscle peak torques, peak torque/body weight, and total work showed a very strong negative correlation with results from postoperative Timed Up and Go Test (P < 0.001). (2) Ridge regression analysis indicated a 94.2% likelihood that preoperative extensor muscle peak torque, peak torque/body weight, and total work, along with flexor muscle peak torque and total work, had a positive impact on gait speed after total knee arthroplasty (P < 0.001). The preoperative flexor muscle peak torque/body weight had a negative impact on postoperative gait speed (P < 0.001). There was an 87.7% likelihood that preoperative extensor and flexor muscle peak torques, peak torque/body weight, and total work, along with flexor muscle peak torque and total work, had a negative impact on postoperative Timed Up and Go Test (P < 0.05), while the flexor muscle peak torque/body weight had no impact on the Timed Up and Go Test (P > 0.05). (3) It is indicated that the strength of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles prior to total knee arthroplasty correlates with postoperative gait speed and Timed Up and Go Test, and can predict the outcomes of postoperative gait function. Enhancing preoperative knee muscle exercises may be a way to reduce the incidence of gait dysfunction following total knee arthroplasty.

Key words: total knee arthroplasty, peak torque, gait function, Timed Up and Go Test, gait speed

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