中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (27): 5826-5832.doi: 10.12307/2025.803

• 人工假体Artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

髌骨形态学对单髁置换后功能恢复和髌股关节排列的影响

孙英晋,刘  宁,黄  珑,冯  硕,陈向阳   

  1. 徐州医科大学附属医院,江苏省徐州市   221000
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-15 接受日期:2024-06-21 出版日期:2025-09-28 发布日期:2025-03-05
  • 通讯作者: 陈向阳,博士,主任医师,徐州医科大学附属医院,江苏省徐州市 221000
  • 作者简介:孙英晋,男,1998年生,江苏省徐州市人,汉族,徐州医科大学在读硕士,主要从事骨关节外科方向的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    徐州医科大学附属医院医疗新技术项目 (2023301010),项目负责人:陈向阳

Effect of patellar morphology on functional recovery and patellofemoral joint alignment after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty

Sun Yingjin, Liu Ning, Huang Long, Feng Shuo, Chen Xiangyang   

  1. Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2024-04-15 Accepted:2024-06-21 Online:2025-09-28 Published:2025-03-05
  • Contact: Chen Xiangyang, MD, Chief physician, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Sun Yingjin, Master candidate, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Medical New Technology Project of Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 2023301010 (to CXY)

摘要:

文题释义
Wiberg分型:1941年Wiberg提出了 3种髌骨形态的分型。Wiberg Ⅰ型为髌骨嵴大致位于髌骨的中心,内外侧关节面几乎相等;Wiberg Ⅱ型为髌骨嵴偏内侧,内侧关节面小于外侧;Wiberg Ⅲ型为髌骨嵴偏内侧明显,内侧关节面呈窄小凸面,外侧关节面呈宽大凹面
关节置换后膝前痛:是指在患者接受膝关节置换术后,出现在膝前部的持续性或间歇性疼痛感觉。这种疼痛可能与术后康复不良、髌骨位置问题、髌骨软化症或软骨磨损、感染或其他并发症、人工关节材料问题、术后炎症等因素有关。

摘要

背景:髌骨形态学对膝关节单髁置换后疗效的影响研究尚少。

目的:基于髌骨Wiberg分型探讨不同髌骨形态对单髁置换后功能恢复和髌股关节排列的影响。
方法:对2022年1月至2023年3月在徐州医科大学附属医院接受单髁置换的186例膝关节内侧单间室骨关节炎患者进行了回顾性分析,根据 Wiberg分类,分为 A组(Ⅰ型,n=43)、B 组(Ⅱ型,n=104)和C组(Ⅲ型,n=39)组。比较3组患者的美国特种外科医院膝关节评分、Feller评分和膝前痛发生率,以及放射学资料(髌骨指数、髌骨倾斜角、外侧髌股角)。
结果与结论:①Wiberg Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型髌骨患者术后末次随访时的Feller髌骨评分和美国特种外科医院膝关节评分相比差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);②尽管末次随访时3组患者膝前痛发生率无明显差异,但术后Ⅲ型髌骨患者早期出现过膝前痛的概率明显较高;③虽然不同形态的髌骨能在单髁置换后一定程度上改善髌骨位置,但无论是术前还是术后,Ⅲ型比Ⅰ、Ⅱ型有着更大的髌骨倾斜;④这一发现强调了在单髁置换期间需要对Wiberg Ⅲ型髌骨进行量身定制的形态学调整,以提高修复结果。


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 单髁置换, 髌骨形态, Wiberg分类, 膝前痛, 膝骨关节炎

Abstract: BACKGROUND: There are few studies on the effect of different patellar morphologies on the outcome after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of different patellar morphologies on functional recovery and patellofemoral joint alignment after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty based on patellar Wiberg classification.
METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted in 186 patients with medial knee osteoarthritis who underwent unicompartmental knee arthroplasty at Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University between January 2022 and March 2023. Patients were categorized into group A (type I, n=43), group B (type II, n=104), and group C (type III, n=39) according to the Wiberg classification. The Hospital for Specia Surgery knee score, Feller score, and incidence of anterior knee pain, as well as radiologic data (patellar index, patellar tilt angle, and lateral patellofemoral angle) were compared among the three groups.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There was no significant difference in the Feller patellar score and Hospital for Specia Surgery score at the final postoperative follow-up in patients with Wiberg type I, type II, and type III patellae (P > 0.05). (2) Although there was no significant difference in the incidence of anterior knee pain among the three groups at the final follow-up, patients with type III patellae were significantly more likely to have experienced anterior knee pain early in the postoperative period. (3) Different patellar morphologies can improve patellar position to some extent after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, but type III had greater patellar tilt than types I and II, both preoperatively and postoperatively. (4) This finding highlights the need for tailored morphological adjustments to the Wiberg III patella during unicompartmental knee arthroplasty to improve surgical outcomes. 

Key words: unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, patellar morphology, Wiberg classification, anterior knee pain, knee osteoarthritis

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