中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (15): 3089-3094.doi: 10.12307/2025.109

• 数字化骨科Digital orthopedics • 上一篇    下一篇

经皮椎体成形联合椎弓根强化治疗重度骨质疏松性椎体骨折的有限元分析

李红桃,潘泓宇,雷  杨,肖常明   

  1. 西南医科大学附属中医医院脊柱外科,四川省泸州市   646000
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-07 接受日期:2023-12-22 出版日期:2025-05-28 发布日期:2024-11-02
  • 通讯作者: 肖常明,硕士,主治医师,西南医科大学附属中医医院脊柱外科,四川省泸州市 646000
  • 作者简介:第一作者:李红桃,男,1999年生,四川省成都市人,汉族,在读硕士,主要从事脊柱脊髓损伤等相关方向的研究。 并列第一作者:潘泓宇,男,1999年生,海南省海口市人,汉族,在读硕士,主要从事脊柱脊髓损伤等相关方向的研究。 并列第一作者:雷杨,男,1992年生,重庆市人,汉族,2019年成都中医药大学毕业,硕士,主治医师,主要从事脊柱疾病的中西医治疗及相关研究。

Finite element analysis of percutaneous vertebroplasty combined with pedicle augmentation in treatment of severe osteoporotic vertebral fractures

Li Hongtao, Pan Hongyu, Lei Yang, Xiao Changming   

  1. Department of Spine Surgery, Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2023-11-07 Accepted:2023-12-22 Online:2025-05-28 Published:2024-11-02
  • Contact: Xiao Changming, Master, Attending physician, Department of Spine Surgery, Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Li Hongtao, Master candidate, Department of Spine Surgery, Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China Pan Hongyu, Master candidate, Department of Spine Surgery, Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China Lei Yang, Master, Attending physician, Department of Spine Surgery, Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China

摘要:


文题释义

经皮椎体成形:骨质疏松性椎体骨折是骨质疏松常见并发症,好发于胸腰段(T11-L2),椎体成形术通过往伤椎注入骨水泥起到缓解疼痛、强化椎体等作用,由于椎体强化后椎体刚度以及强度增加,易致邻椎骨折和加速椎间盘退变。
椎弓根强化:即椎弓根内骨水泥灌注,在经皮双侧穿刺椎体成形术的操作基础上,将工作套管和骨水泥推注器不断向背侧移动,同时注射等长的高黏度骨水泥,直至工作套管和骨水泥推注器完全退出整个椎弓根,最后椎弓根内被骨水泥填充,并与椎体的骨水泥连接成一个整体。
有限元分析:此次实验研究中使用的建模方法为DICOM数据直接建模法,方法真实、准确,有限元模型的建立基于真实CT数据的DICOM 数据建模方法,过程缺少人为干预,三维模型仿真度高,现已广泛应用于有限元研究。

摘要
背景:椎弓根内骨水泥灌注联合椎体成形已被用于治疗Kummell病和椎弓根溶骨性转移瘤等疾病,但该手术方式对相邻椎体及椎间盘的影响尚不明确。
目的:应用三维有限元模型探讨经皮椎体成形联合椎弓根强化术治疗重度骨质疏松性椎体骨折对邻近节段椎体以及椎间盘相关生物力学的影响。
方法:选择1位已完成经皮椎体成形联合椎弓根强化术的重度骨质疏松性椎体骨折(L1)女性患者,并提取其术前及术后的CT文件,研究范围为T12-L2(包括伤椎、邻近椎体和椎间盘)。通过Mimics、SolidWorks和Geomagic等软件分别建立了术前、术后三维脊柱功能单元的有限元模型。在T12上终板垂直方向加载500 N力矩和10 N·m旋转力矩,模拟前屈、后伸、侧屈和旋转等运动方位,分析手术前后相邻节段椎体终板和椎间盘的应力变化情况。
结果与结论:①成功建立了术前和术后脊柱功能单元的三维有限元模型;②通过计算得出,在模拟载荷下,术后T12下终板应力分布更均匀且最大应力值减小,与术前相比无显著差异(P > 0.05);术后L2上终板应力分布更均匀且最大应力与术前无显著差异(P > 0.05);同样,术后T12/L1、L1/L2椎间盘应力分布也更均匀且最大应力值均显著减小(P < 0.05);③因此,经皮椎体成形联合椎弓根强化能够有效改善术后相邻椎体终板和椎间盘的应力分布,并能够减小应力,最终降低术后再骨折风险以及显著延缓椎间盘退变。


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 椎弓根强化, 骨质疏松性椎体骨折, 椎体成形, 应力"有限元模型, 骨水泥

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Pedicle internal bone cement augmentation combined with vertebroplasty has been used to treat diseases such as Kummell’s disease and osteolytic metastases of the pedicle. However, the impact of this surgical method on adjacent vertebrae and intervertebral discs remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE: A three-dimensional finite element model was used to explore the impact of percutaneous vertebroplasty combined with pedicles augmentation in the treatment of severe osteoporotic vertebral fractures on the biomechanics of adjacent segmental vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs.
METHODS: A female patient who had undergone percutaneous vertebroplasty combined with pedicles augmentation for a severe osteoporotic vertebral fracture (L1) was selected. Preoperative and postoperative CT files were extracted. The study range was T12 to L2, including the injured vertebra, adjacent vertebrae, and intervertebral discs. Software like Mimics, SolidWorks, and Geomagic was used to establish finite element models of the spinal functional unit before and after surgery. A 500 N force and a 10 N·m rotational torque were applied in the vertical direction of the T12 upper endplate to simulate movements such as flexion, extension, lateral bending, and rotation, analyzing the stress changes in the vertebral endplates and intervertebral discs of adjacent segments before and after surgery.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Three-dimensional finite element models of preoperative and postoperative spinal functional units were successfully established. (2) We calculated and analyzed that under simulated load, the stress distribution of the inferior endplate of T12 was more uniform and the maximum stress value was reduced after surgery, with no significant difference compared with before surgery (P > 0.05). The stress distribution of the superior endplate of L2 after surgery was more uniform and the maximum stress was not significantly different from that before surgery (P > 0.05). Similarly, the stress distribution of T12/L1 and L1/L2 intervertebral discs after surgery was also more uniform and the maximum stress value was significantly reduced (P < 0.05). (3) Therefore, percutaneous vertebroplasty combined with pedicles augmentation can effectively improve the stress distribution of adjacent vertebral endplates and intervertebral discs after surgery and reduce stress, ultimately reducing the risk of postoperative re-fractures and significantly delaying intervertebral disc degeneration.


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: pedicle augmentation, osteoporotic vertebral fracture, vertebroplasty, stress, finite element model, bone cement

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