中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (34): 5571-5576.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0973

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    

脱细胞支架在肿瘤组织工程中的应用

吉中蛟1,郭益冰2,陆玉华2   

  1. 1南通大学,江苏省南通市 226000;2南通大学附属医院,江苏省南通市 226000
  • 收稿日期:2018-05-16 出版日期:2018-12-08 发布日期:2018-12-08
  • 通讯作者: 陆玉华,博士,副主任医师,南通大学附属医院,江苏省南通市 226000
  • 作者简介:吉中蛟,男,1988年生,江苏省盐城市人,汉族,南通大学医学院在读硕士,主要从事组织工程及生物材料研究。

Acellular scaffolds for tumor tissue engineering

Ji Zhongjiao1, Guo Yibing2, Lu Yuhua2   

  1. 1Nantong University, Nantong 226000, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2018-05-16 Online:2018-12-08 Published:2018-12-08
  • Contact: Lu Yuhua, MD, Associate chief physician, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Ji Zhongjiao, Master candidate, Nantong University, Nantong 226000, Jiangsu Province, China

摘要:

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文题释义:
脱细胞支架
:泛指经由脱细胞技术获得的组织工程支架,可用作细胞培养的底物或三维结构载体。一般可从实验动物或者人的组织标本获得,也有研究人员使用细胞分泌的细胞外基质。细胞外基质是细胞微环境的主要成分,支架包含的细胞外基质成分与细胞生物功能密切相关,脱细胞支架可利于更好地模拟体内细胞微环境,是构建体外肿瘤模型的重要组成部分。
肿瘤组织工程:是一种利用特定细胞和支架组合的工程技术而产生的恶性肿瘤的三维建模新方法,旨在更准确地再现肿瘤的组织学结构及其生理特性。肿瘤组织工程仅用于癌症研究,主要目的是维持恶性肿瘤细胞在体外的长时间存活,以及在体外条件下能够保持与模拟肿瘤的结构和功能。此外,也可将肿瘤组织工程构建体植入实验室动物中,用以研究工程化肿瘤的血管生成、侵袭和转移。


背景:脱细胞技术的日益发展为肿瘤组织工程提供了新的培养平台,它充分模拟肿瘤在体内生长的微环境,可以为肿瘤研究领域提供新的手段。
目的:综述肿瘤组织工程中脱细胞支架的应用。
方法:以“tumor engineering;biomaterials;scaffold;3D culture;decellularized;tumor microenvironment; ECM”为关键词,检索PubMed数据库1995至2017年相关文献。
结果与结论:利用脱细胞技术保留的细胞外基质支架是一个无论在生理生化、几何空间结构方面都很理想的研究细胞培养的平台,它不仅含有基本的细胞外基质结构成分――蛋白质和多糖,以及特定的生长因子和细胞因子,还保留了完整而特定的脉管结构,这使得它可以通过灌注装置等生物反应器来模拟体内营养交换的机制,这为肿瘤研究提供一个非常接近体内真实情况的研究平台。近年来,随着组织工程的发展,这种三维立体培养逐渐成为肿瘤生物学领域研究的热点,在体外建立细胞间以及细胞与细胞外基质之间的相互联系,模拟真实肿瘤微环境,再造体外肿瘤模型中得到了极大的应用。随着脱细胞技术的广泛应用和不断完善,将成为研究肿瘤生物学行为、药物筛选及靶向治疗等方面研究的有效工具。

ORCID: 0000-0003-2591-9761(陆玉华)

关键词: 肿瘤组织工程, 脱细胞, 细胞外基质, 三维培养, 癌细胞, 微环境, 组织工程, 生物材料

Abstract:

 BACKGROUND: The development of acellular technology provides a new platform and approach for tumor tissue engineering, which can be used to fully simulate an in vivo microenvironment for tumor growth.

OBJECTIVE: To review the application of acellular scaffolds in tumor tissue engineering.
METHODS: PubMed database was retrieved for relevant articles published from 1995 to 2017, with the keywords of “tumor engineering; biomaterials; scaffold; 3D culture; decellularized; tumor microenvironment; ECM”.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Extracellular matrix prepared via decellularization is an ideal platform for cell culture in the terms of physiological and biochemical properties and spatial structure. It contains not only the basic components of the extracellular matrix-proteins and polysaccharides, but also specific growth factors and cytokines. In addition, a complete and specific vascular structure is also retained, which can simulate in vivo nutrient exchange via bioreactors perfusion devices. This platform for research on tumors is very close to the actual environment in the body. In recent years, with the development of tissue engineering, this three-dimensional cultivation method is becoming a hot issue in the field of tumor biology. Cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions are established in vitro, to simulate the actual tumor microenvironment, and rebuild tumor models in vitro. With the wide application and improvement of acellular technology, it will become an effective tool for the study on tumor biological behavior, drug screening and targeted therapy.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程

Key words: Stents, Tumor Microenvironment, Tissue Engineering

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