中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (14): 2197-2204.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2582

• 肌肉肌腱韧带组织构建 tissue construction of the muscle, tendon and ligament • 上一篇    下一篇

青少年椎旁肌耐力及左右侧对称性测评指标和方法的建立

邱  丹1,2,何  辉1,熊开宇1,李红娟1   

  1. 1北京体育大学,北京市  100084;2内蒙古科技大学包头师范学院,内蒙古自治区包头市  014030
  • 收稿日期:2019-05-10 修回日期:2019-05-22 接受日期:2019-10-09 出版日期:2020-05-18 发布日期:2020-03-15
  • 通讯作者: 何辉,副研究员,北京体育大学,北京市 100084
  • 作者简介:邱丹,女,1985年生,河南省焦作市人,2012年北京体育大学毕业,硕士,讲师,主要从事运动与健康研究。
  • 基金资助:
    中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助课题(2016YB033);国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFC2000603)

Establishment and application of paravertebral muscle endurance and left-right symmetry measurement indexes and methods in teenagers

Qiu Dan1, 2, He Hui1, Xiong Kaiyu1, Li Hongjuan1   

  1. 1Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; 2Baotou Teachers’ College, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2019-05-10 Revised:2019-05-22 Accepted:2019-10-09 Online:2020-05-18 Published:2020-03-15
  • Contact: He Hui, Associate researcher, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
  • About author:Qiu Dan, Master, Lecturer, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; Baotou Teachers’ College, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    the Fundamental Research Fund for the Central Universities, No. 2016YB033; the National Key Research and Development Project, No. 2018YFC2000603

摘要:

文题释义:
平均功率频谱斜率(SlopeMPF):最早由Nagamachi等提出,从肌肉运动学的角度作为评价肌肉疲劳的指标。在持续收缩过程中,肌电图频谱的负向斜率不易受干扰的影响,对与肌肉疲劳相关的生理变化较为敏感,特别是动作电位传导速度的降低,是测量局部肌肉疲劳的客观指标。
多裂肌:是人体正常的肌肉组织,存在于腰背部,位于竖脊肌的深部,比较厚实,它的纤维主要是纵向走行,并且有很大的力量。肌肉承担身体对侧的转体运动,对维持脊柱的稳定性具有非常重要的作用。长时间的一个姿势,长时间的重复某种动作,比如低头弯腰长时间的坐立等等,就会导致多裂肌的肌肉痉挛,充血水肿,形成无菌性的炎症会导致局部的疼痛。

背景:研究表明通过表面肌电测试,非特异性慢性下腰痛患者腰部脊柱两侧竖脊肌活动的变化不一致。在体质测量评价中侧重对腰部整体力量的测评,对青少年椎旁肌的测评方法和指标并未有研究报道。

目的:拟建立评定青少年椎旁肌耐力及左右侧对称性的方法和指标,初步制定评价等级标准。

方法:于北京市某中学随机抽取200名学生,其中初中生100名,高中生100名;年龄13-18岁,男女各半。受试者采用Biering-Sorensen(B-S)实验动作,保持椎旁肌等长收缩,采用表面肌电技术记录L3-L4双侧竖脊肌、L5-S1双侧多裂肌肌电,上身无法维持水平姿势或经3次提醒仍低于水平位时停止测试。筛选指标并建立评价指数,按离差法确定各年龄段椎旁肌耐力及左右侧对称性评价等级标准。研究方案的实施符合北京体育大学的相关伦理要求,受试者及其监护人对试验过程完全知情同意。

结果与结论:①根据解剖姿势分析和肌肉动员比测试,确定B-S动作左/右竖脊肌、左/右多裂肌为原动肌;肌电指标平均功率频谱随时间延续线性下降(R < -0.97,P < 0.01);重复性检验,平均功率频谱斜率(Slope MPF)差异检验P > 0.05,组内相关系数ICC>0.80(P < 0.01),SlopeMPF重复性良好;②拟合复合指数,椎旁肌耐力指数v=slopeMPF(左竖脊肌+右竖脊肌+左多裂肌+右多裂肌)/4,评价青少年椎旁肌耐力;对称性指数u=slopeMPF(左竖脊肌-右竖脊肌)/slopeMPF(左竖脊肌+右竖脊肌)+slopeMPF(左多裂肌-右多裂肌)/slopeMPF (左多裂肌+右多裂肌),评价青少年椎旁肌左右侧对称性;③评价结果显示,同性别高中生较初中生椎旁肌耐力均有增加(P < 0.01);高中组男、女生椎旁肌耐力具有显著性差异;青少年椎旁肌耐力及对称性测试结果均呈现正态分布并可利用离差法进行评价等级划分;④研究初步建立了评定椎旁肌耐力及左右侧对称性的指标和方法,并采用离差法初步制定青少年椎旁肌耐力和左右侧对称性评价标准。

ORCID: 0000-0003-0779-4459(邱丹)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程

关键词: 青少年, 椎旁肌, 耐力, 对称性

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Surface electromyography has indicated that non-specific chronic low back pain patients have inconsistent changes in the motion of erector spinae muscles on both sides of the lumbar spine. Existing physical fitness evaluation focuses on the evaluation of the overall strength of the waist, whereas there is no report on the evaluation methods and indicators of paravertebral muscle in teenagers.

OBJECTIVE: To establish methods and indicators for assessing teenagers’ paravertebral muscle endurance and left-right symmetry, and to preliminarily formulate evaluation criteria.

METHODS: Two hundred students, aged 13-18 years, were randomly selected in a middle school of Beijing, half male and half female. There were 100 junior high school students and 100 high school students. All the subjects did Biering-Sorensen (B-S) exercise to maintain isometric contraction of paravertebral muscles, and surface electromyography was then used to record the electromyography of bilateral erector spine muscles (ES) of L3-L4 and multifidus muscles (MF) of L5-S1. Measurement was terminated when the upper body could not maintain the horizontal posture or was still below the horizontal position after three reminders. The indexes were screened and the evaluation indexes were established. The evaluation criteria of paravertebral muscle endurance and left-right symmetry of each age group were determined by the dispersion method. The study protocol was in line with the ethics requirements of Beijing Sport University. Subjects and their guardians were fully informed of the study process.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: According to the anatomic posture analysis and muscle mobilization ratio test, the left/right erector spine muscle (LES/RES) and left/right multifidus muscle (LWF/RMF) in B-S action were confirmed to be the prime muscle. Mean power frequency (MPF) decreased linearly with time, and the correlation coefficient was R < -0.97 (P < 0.01). In terms of repeatability measurement, MPF slope (slopeMPF) difference test was defined as P > 0.05, and correlation coefficient within the group was ICC > 0.80 (P < 0.01), indicating a good repeatability. Fitting composite index, the index v=slopeMPF (LES+RES+LMF+RMF)/4 was used to evaluate teenagers’ paravertebral muscular endurance, and u=slopeMPF (LES-RES)/slopeMPF (LES+RES)+slopeMPF (LMF-RMF)/slopeMPF (LMF+RMF) was to evaluate the left-right symmetry. The evaluation results revealed that the paravertebral muscle endurance of high school students of the same sex was increased in relative to junior high school students (P < 0.01). There were significant differences in paravertebral muscle endurance between male and female students in high school. The teenagers’ paravertebral muscle endurance and symmetry showed normal distribution, and could be graded by deviation method. In this study, the indexes and methods for evaluating paravertebral muscle endurance and left-right symmetry were preliminarily established, and the criteria for evaluating juvenile paravertebral muscle endurance and left-right symmetry were preliminarily established by deviation method.

Key words: teenagers, paravertebral muscle, endurance, symmetry

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