中国组织工程研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (34): 5552-5557.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.34.023

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

早期检测阿尔茨海默病的生物标志物新型仿生受体

宿  烽,云  鹏,刘  雪,沈  鑫,李成龙,李荣烨
  

  1. 青岛科技大学,山东省青岛市  266000
  • 收稿日期:2017-07-10 出版日期:2017-12-08 发布日期:2018-01-04
  • 通讯作者: 宿烽,副教授,硕士生导师,青岛科技大学,山东省青岛市 266000
  • 作者简介:宿烽,女,1965年生,山东省青岛市人,汉族,2005年中国海洋大学毕业,博士,副教授,主要从事生物制药和生物分析研究。
  • 基金资助:

    青岛市科技惠民专项(16-6-2-17-nsh);青岛科技大学“大学生创新创业训练计划”项目(201501004,201601007)

Novel bio-mimetic receptors for early detection of Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers

Su Feng, Yun Peng, Liu Xue, Shen Xin, Li Cheng-long, Li Rong-ye
  

  1. Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2017-07-10 Online:2017-12-08 Published:2018-01-04
  • Contact: Su Feng, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Su Feng, M.D., Associate professor, Master’s supervisor, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, Shandong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Science and Technology Benefiting Policy of Qingdao, No. 16-6-2-17-nsh; College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program in Qingdao University of Science and Technology, No. 201501004, 201601007

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

文题释义:
阿尔茨海默病生物标志物:是指阿尔茨海默病患者体内直接或间接可测量的反映其特征代谢物水平改变的生化指标。相应生物标志物的筛选确定对实现阿尔茨海默病的早期诊断和精确诊断具有重大意义,不仅可降低阿尔茨海默病误诊率,也为开发有效的治疗方法打下基础。
阿尔茨海默病生物标志物检测方法:现阶段针对阿尔茨海默病生物标志物的检测手段以脑脊液为取样基质,广泛采用的免疫分析方法是酶联免疫吸附测定法和微球悬浮点阵技术。酶联免疫吸附测定法主要依靠抗原或抗体固相化技术和抗原或抗体的酶标记技术,微球悬浮点阵技术主要依靠荧光标记技术和抗体与聚合物载体的共价交联技术。二者的检测原理均是利用特异性抗体作为探针,捕获对应的生物标志物。利用这两种分析手段可将阿尔茨海默病生物标志物的定性定量检测纳入日常临床诊断方法。
 
背景:如何对阿尔茨海默病实现早期诊断和精确诊断目前仍然是一个难题,大量患者因为确诊过晚或误诊而延误治疗时间。针对阿尔茨海默病生物标志物的检测仍然缺乏灵敏、高效、低成本的手段,所以相关生物分析方法的开发与改进显得尤为重要。
目的:简述阿尔茨海默病的诊断方法和相关生物标志物,归纳总结应用于阿尔茨海默病生物标志物早期检测新型仿生受体的研究进展。
方法:应用计算机检索PubMed数据库、CNKI和万方数据库2000至2016年收录的,关于阿尔茨海默病生物标志物及其检测方法的文章,以“阿尔茨海默病、生物标志物、检测”或“Alzheimer’s disease,biomarkers,detect/detecting/detection”为检索词,最终选择40篇文章进行分析和综述。
结果与结论:现阶段针对阿尔茨海默病生物标志物所采用的生物分析手段多以抗体作为生物标志物的识别和捕捉元件,但用传统抗体作为检测受体有一定局限性。因此,可采用新型仿生受体替换传统检测抗体,其具有对目标分析物识别特异性高、尺寸更小、化学修饰过程更简便、生产成本更低、产品稳定性更高及所能匹配的目标分析物范围更广等优势。针对蛋白类物质分析所开发的仿生受体包括核酸适配体、多肽受体、类肽受体、分子印迹聚合物、纳米抗体、凝溶胶蛋白和瓜环类化合物等。采用新型仿生受体替代传统抗体进行生物标志物检测,将提高阿尔茨海默病诊断的及时性和准确性。

关键词: 生物材料, 阿尔茨海默病, 生物标志物, 仿生受体, 生物检测, 生物分析, 早期诊断, 传统抗体, 捕捉元件

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: It is still a problem to achieve early and accurate diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease, and delayed treatments often occur in a large number of patients because of late diagnosis or misdiagnosis. Therefore, the development and improvement of related bioanalytical methods are of great importance for the biomarker detection of Alzheimer’s disease which is still lack of means that are sensitive, efficient and low-cost.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the diagnostic methods and related biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease, and to sum up the research progress in novel biomimetic receptors for the early detection of Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers.
METHODS: PubMed, CNKI and Wanfang databases were used to search articles related to the biomarker studies of Alzheimer’s disease and relevant studies about methods of biomarkers detection published from 2000 to 2016. The key words were “Alzheimer’s disease, biomarkers, detect/detecting/detection” in Chinese and English, respectively. Finally 40 articles were obtained for the review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At present, the bioanalytical methods used for biomarker detection of Alzheimer’s disease mostly utilize antibodies as recognition and capture elements of biomarkers, but there are some limitations using traditional antibodies as detection receptors. Thus, novel biomimetic receptors can be substituted for conventional antibodies. Novel biomimetic receptors have high specificity, small size, low production costs and high product stability, and their chemical modification process is relatively convenient. Biomimetic receptors developed for protein analysis include aptamers, polypeptide receptors, peptoid receptors, molecularly imprinted polymers, nanobodies, gelsolin and cucurbit urils. Detection of biomarkers with novel biomimetic receptors instead of conventional antibodies will be more accurate and timely in the early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease.

Key words: Alzheimer Disease, Diagnosis, Tissue Engineering

中图分类号: