中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (37): 5588-5593.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.37.017

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

构建组织工程半月板的相关基础研究

韩长旭1,赵国君2,任逸众1   

  1. 1内蒙古医学院第二附属医院关节镜与运动医学外科,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市   010030;2包头市第四医院药剂科,内蒙古自治区包头市   014030
  • 出版日期:2016-09-09 发布日期:2016-09-09
  • 通讯作者: 任逸众,副教授,硕士生导师,内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院关节镜与运动医学外科,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市 010030
  • 作者简介:韩长旭,男,1981 年生,辽宁省本溪市人,满族,2008 年中国医科大学毕业,硕士,主治医师,主要从事运动医学及其相关研究。
  • 基金资助:

    内蒙古自治区自然基金资助项目(2013MS1194),项目名称:仿生构建模拟自然结构的组织工程韧带

Basic researches on the construction of tissue-engineered meniscus

Han Chang-xu1, Zhao Guo-jun2, Ren Yi-zhong1   

  1. 1Department of Arthroscopy and Sports Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical College, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; 2Department of Pharmacy, The Fourth Hospital of Baotou, Baotou 014030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Online:2016-09-09 Published:2016-09-09
  • Contact: Ren Yi-zhong, Associate professor, Master’s supervisor, Department of Arthroscopy and Sports Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical College, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Han Chang-xu, Master, Attending physician, Department of Arthroscopy and Sports Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical College, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:

    the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, No. 2013MS1194

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
半月板:是2个月牙形的纤维软骨,位于胫骨平台内侧和外侧的关节面。其横断面呈三角形,外厚内薄,上面稍呈凹形,以便与股骨髁相吻合,下面为平的,与胫骨平台相接。这样的结构恰好使股骨髁在胫骨平台上形成一较深的凹陷,从而使球形的股骨髁与胫骨平台的稳定性增加。 半月板的前后端分别附着在胫骨平台中间部非关节面的部位,在髁间棘前方和后方。这个部位又可称做半月板的前角和后角。
半月板的生物力学特性:可以使其受到外部压力时自身可以进行适当的调整。大量研究希望将人类和动物模型的半月板组织的特性加以区分。依据当前研究,半月板组织能承担的轴向压力为100-150 kPa。组织的抗拉伸强度根据组织的周径不同而有所差异,最大周径时是100-300 MPa并呈放射状减弱。最后半月板组织的承担剪切负荷约为120 kPa。

摘要
背景:
半月板在膝关节运动性损伤中十分常见,其损伤后的治疗一直是临床的难题,研究人员一直努力应用利用组织工程的方法来解决半月板损伤后的修复问题。
目的:就目前热门的构建组织工程半月板相关基础研究的情况进行综述。
方法:由第一作者检索中国知网及Medline 数据库有关构建组织工程半月板相关基础研究文章,中文检索词为“半月板,组织工程,基础研究”,英文检索词为“meniscus,tissue engineering,basic research”。排除研究目的与课题无关的文章以及重复研究,最后纳入35 篇文献作进一步分析。
结果与结论:关于如何将半月板细胞分类存在一定的争议,纤维软骨细胞和细胞外基质主要构成半月板的外部组织,半月板的内部组织主要由较小不典型的具有软骨特性的类软骨细胞构成。半月板的生物力学特性可以使其受到外部压力时自身可以进行适当的调整。膝关节完全屈曲时外侧半月板承担膝关节外侧部分的全部压力,而内侧半月板承担膝关节内侧部分50%的压死力。半月板损伤的病因和病理生理学不尽相同,高度依赖患者的发病年龄,但是各年龄组中右膝半月板损伤均占多数。外科修复半月板撕裂的方式大致可以分为由内向外技术、由外向内技术和关节镜下全内修复以及开放修复技术。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程

关键词: 组织构建, 组织工程, 半月板, 组织工程, 基础研究, 综述文献

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The meniscus injury is one of the most common sports injuries of knee joint. The treatment after injury is always a difficult problem in the clinic. Researchers have been trying to apply the method of using tissue-engineering to solve the problem of meniscus repair after injury.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize tissue-engineered meniscus-related basic research.
METHODS: The first author retrieved China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Medline for literatures on tissue-engineered meniscus. The key words were “meniscus, tissue engineering, basic research”. Articles with unrelated objective and repeated articles were excluded. Finally, 35 articles were included. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was some controversy about the classification of the cell of the meniscus. The outer tissue of the meniscus is mainly composed of the fibrous cartilage cells and the extracellular matrix. The inner tissue of the meniscus is mainly composed of a small atypical class of cartilage cells. The biomechanical properties of the meniscus can be properly adjusted when it is subjected to external pressure. The lateral meniscus is assumed to bear all the pressure of the outer part of the knee joint during knee flexion, but the medial meniscus is assumed to bear 50% of the medial part of the knee joint. The etiology and pathophysiology of meniscus injury are not the same, which is highly dependent on the age of onset of the patient. However, in each age group, right knee meniscus injury was the majority. The way of surgical repair of the meniscus tear can be divided into the technology from inside to outside, and that from outside to inside, total internal repair under arthroscopy and open repair technology.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程

Key words: Menisci, Knee Joint, Physiology

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