中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (24): 3595-3601.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.24.015

• 肌肉肌腱韧带组织构建 tissue construction of the muscle, tendon and ligament • 上一篇    下一篇

青少年运动员肩关节屈伸肌等速肌力测试与分析

马  涛,高炳宏   

  1. 上海体育学院体育教育训练学院,上海市  200438
  • 出版日期:2016-06-10 发布日期:2016-06-10
  • 通讯作者: 高炳宏,博士,教授,博士生导师,上海体育学院体育教育训练学院,上海市 200438
  • 作者简介:马涛,男,1990年生,安徽省池州市人,汉族,上海体育学院在读硕士,主要从事运动生物力学,运动生理生化,体育教育训练的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    上海市人类运动能力开发与保障重点实验室(上海体育学院)(11DZ2261100);上海市科学技术委员会重点支撑项目(15DZ1208000)

Isokinetic muscle strength of the shoulder flexor and extensor muscles in adolescent softball players

Ma Tao, Gao Bing-hong   

  1. Education and Training Institute of Shanghai Sports University, Shanghai 200438, China
  • Online:2016-06-10 Published:2016-06-10
  • Contact: Gao Bing-hong, M.D., Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Education and Training Institute of Shanghai Sports University, Shanghai 200438, China
  • About author:Ma Tao, Studying for master’s degree, Education and Training Institute of Shanghai Sports University, Shanghai 200438, China
  • Supported by:

    the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Development and Protection of Human Athletic Ability, No. 11DZ2261100; the Key Supporting Project of Science and Technology Commission in Shanghai, No. 15DZ1208000

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
等速肌力测试:又称调节抗阻运动或恒定角速度运动,关节在运动过程中,运动速度一旦预先设定,无论受试者肌肉收缩产生多大的张力,肢体的运动始终在某一预定的速度(等速)下进行,肌肉张力大小的变化并不能使肢体产生加速或减速的一种运动。
等速肌力测试仪:在测试过程中能够测量受试者整个运动范围内任何一点上肌肉(肌群)的最大力矩输出。等速运动时,肌纤维长度缩短或被拉伸,引起明显的关节活动,是一种动力性收缩,类似于等张收缩,但等速测试中,等速肌力测试仪器所提供的是一种顺应性阻力,阻力大小随肌肉收缩张力的大小而变化,又类似等长收缩。
摘要
背景:
等速肌力测试系统能够对肩关节屈伸肌力量进行量化测试,客观分析屈伸肌力量的大小与平衡关系,可用于力量训练监控以及运动损伤的预测和康复治疗。
目的:了解青少年垒球运动员肩关节屈伸肌力量特征,找出肩关节屈伸肌力量方面存在的不足,为青少年运动员的力量训练提供指导,并指出力量不平衡可能存在的运动损伤风险。
方法:使用德国D&R公司研制的ISOMED2000等速肌力测试系统对上海市体育运动学校12名青少年女子垒球运动员的肩关节进行屈伸肌等速肌力测试。
结果与结论:①随着测试速度的增加,青少年垒球运动员两侧肩关节屈伸肌峰值力矩、屈伸肌峰值力矩比、同名侧屈伸肌肌力比、屈伸肌平均功率比、屈伸肌做功在减小,而屈伸肌平均功率在增加。②在同一测试速度下,投掷侧肩关节屈伸肌峰值力矩、屈伸肌峰值力矩比、屈伸肌平均功率、屈伸肌平均功率比、屈肌做功大于非投掷侧(P < 0.05),而投掷侧伸肌峰力矩、伸肌平均功率与非投掷侧伸肌相比没有显著性差异(P > 0.05)。③在同一测试速度下,两侧肩关节同名肌屈肌肌力比大于伸肌肌力比,投掷侧伸肌做功小于非投掷侧。同侧肩关节屈伸肌比值在70%-80%之间。④结果说明,青少年垒球运动员两侧肩关节屈肌肌力存在显著性差异,伸肌肌力差异不明显;投掷侧肩关节屈肌快速力量偏低,伸肌最大力量比较低。可以利用等速肌力测试系统能够对青少年垒球运动员的肌肉屈伸肌力量进行评估,指导教练员有针对性的对青少年垒球运动员进行力量训练。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0002-8938-2011(马涛)

关键词: 组织构建, 组织工程, 青少年垒球, 肩关节, 等速肌力测试, 屈伸肌, 力量, 分析

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The isokinetic muscle strength test system can quantitatively test the shoulder flexor and extensor muscles and objectively analyze the relationship between size and balance of flexor and extensor. Therefore, it could be used for strength training monitoring as well as prediction and rehabilitation of sports injuries.
OBJECTIVE: To understand shoulder flexor and extensor strength characteristics of adolescent softball players, and find out shortcomings in the shoulder flexor and extensor strength to provide guidance for adolescent athletes’ strength training and point out possible sports injury risks caused by imbalanced strength.
METHODS: ISOMED2000 isokinetic testing system (D&R, Germany) was employed to test the isokinetic strength of shoulder flexor and extensor of 12 adolescent female softball players from Shanghai Sports University, China.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: With the increase of test speed, the bilateral shoulder flexor and extensor peak torque, the flexor and extensor average power ratio, and the flexor and extensor powers were reduced, but the flexor and extensor average power was on the rise. Under the same test speed, flexor and extensor peak torque, the flexor and extensor peak torque ratio, the flexor and extensor average power, the flexor and extensor average power ratio and the flexor powers of the throwing shoulder were significantly larger than those of the non-throwing shoulder (P < 0.05), while the extensor peak torque and the extensor average power of the throwing and non-throwing shoulders showed no significant differences (P > 0.05). Under the same test speed, bilateral shoulder homonymous flexor strength ratio was larger than that of the extensor, and the extensor power of the throwing shoulder was less than that of the non-throwing shoulder. The ratio of homolateral shoulder flexor and extensor ranged from 70% to 80%. These results indicate that there is a significant difference between the flexor strength of the bilateral shoulders in adolescent softball players, but the bilateral extensor strength is similar. Flexor fast strength and extensor maximum strength of the throwing shoulder are lower. Besides, the isokinetic muscle strength test system can be used to evaluate the flexor and extensor strength in adolescent softball athletes, based on which coaches can give targeted strength training in adolescent softball athletes.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程

Key words: Shoulder Joint, Muscle Strength, Adolescent

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