中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (4): 544-548.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.04.016

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

老年股骨转子间骨折围修复期隐性失血量与内固定植入物及性别的关系

王 峰,李振武,尹锐锋,李志安   

  1. 南阳市中心医院,河南省南阳市   473009
  • 收稿日期:2015-11-08 出版日期:2016-01-22 发布日期:2016-01-22
  • 作者简介:王峰,1980年生,2014年新乡医学院毕业,硕士,主治医师,主要从事骨与关节运动系统损伤研究。

Relationship of hidden blood loss, implants and sex during the perioperative treatment of elderly intertrochanteric fracture

Wang Feng, Li Zhen-wu, Yin Rui-feng, Li Zhi-an
  

  1. Nanyang City Center Hospital, Nanyang 473009, Henan Province, China
  • Received:2015-11-08 Online:2016-01-22 Published:2016-01-22
  • About author:Wang Feng, Master, Attending physician, Nanyang City Center Hospital, Nanyang 473009, Henan Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:

股骨转子间骨折内固定:曾经临床上对于股骨转子间的的治疗大多数人采用保守治疗,虽然保守治疗可以避免手术所带来的二次损伤,但是保守治疗带来的诸多并发症则导致保守治疗的致残率和病死率高达35%。目前临床上越来越多的骨科医师主张采用内固定治疗,主要股骨近端防旋髓内钉和动力髋螺钉为主。手术治疗可以及早的恢复髋关节的形态学问题,解剖参数的恢复进一步利于关节功能的恢复和锻炼,可以显著降低患者病残率,手术内固定治疗可以使得骨折端获得坚强固定能早期下地负重行走,避免卧床并发症。
围手术期总隐性失血量:为术前和术后隐性出血量的综合,一般根据患者的总失血量减去肉眼直视下所见到的出血量。股骨近端防旋髓内钉为髓内固定方式,修复过程中使用的切口较小,对骨折端局部及周围的组织剥离较少,理论上出血量较少,可是很多患者在术后会出现血红蛋白显著下降,而且按常理应该少于动力髋螺钉髓外固定。

 

背景:随着修复技术的不断更新和发展,股骨转子间骨折修复术中的失血量已经显著减少,但无论是哪种修复方式围修复期仍存在着较大量的隐性失血,而对于该方面的原因及相关因素临床上鲜有报道。
目的:探讨老年股骨转子间骨折围修复期隐性失血量与患者性别及内固定方式之间的相关性。
方法:2010年3月至2013年6月南阳市中心医院骨科收治121例老年股骨转子间骨折患者,根据患者病情及治疗意愿分为两组,分别采用动力髋螺钉和股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定治疗。比较两组患者的治疗前隐性失血量、治疗后隐性失血量、总隐性失血量、显性失血量及总失血量,并对围修复期隐性失血量与患者性别、内固定方式进行多元线性回归分析。
结果与结论:两组患者的治疗前隐性失血量差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);股骨近端防旋髓内钉组患者的总失血量、治疗后隐性失血量及总隐性失血量均明显高于动力髋螺钉组(P < 0.05),而显性失血量明显低于动力髋螺钉组(P < 0.05)。治疗前、治疗后隐性失血量及总隐性失血量男性均显著低于女性,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)。多元线性回归分析可知,性别、内固定方式与隐性失血呈相关性(P < 0.05)。提示老年股骨转子间骨折围修复期隐性失血量与患者性别和内固定方式密切相关,男性患者围修复期隐性失血量明显少于女性患者,股骨近端防旋髓内钉固定患者围手术期隐性失血量高于动力髋螺钉固定。 

ORCID: 0000-0002-8691-5468(王峰)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 骨植入物, 股骨转子间骨折, 动力髋螺钉, 股骨近端防旋髓内钉, 隐性失血量

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: With the continuous renewal and development of clinical repair techniques, the intraoperatie 
blood loss has been greatly reduced in the treatment of intertrochanteric fracture; however, no matter what kind of repair methods should be adopted, there are still a large amount of perioperative hidden blood loss, however, there are few clinical reports for the reasons and related factors.
OBJECTIVE: To study the correlation of perioperative hidden blood loss with gender and internal fixation methods in the surgery of elderly femoral intertrochanteric fractures.
METHODS: Totally 121 patients with elderly femoral intertrochanteric fractures who received the treatment at Department of Orthopedics, Nanyang City Center Hospital from March 2010 to June 2013 were divided into two groups according to the condition and treatment wishes of patients, and were respectively treated with dynamic hip screw and proximal femoral anti-rotation intramedullary nail internal fixation. The preoperative hidden blood loss, postoperative hidden blood loss, the total hidden blood loss, dominant blood loss and total blood loss of patients in these two groups were compared. The multiple linear regression analysis on the correlation of perioperative hidden blood loss with gender and internal fixation methods was conducted.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference in the preoperative hidden blood loss between these two groups (P > 0.05). The total blood loss, postoperative hidden blood loss and total hidden blood loss in the proximal femoral anti-rotation intramedullary nail group were significantly higher than those in the dynamic hip screw group (P < 0.05), and the dominant blood loss was significantly lower than that in the dynamic hip screw group (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in the preoperative, postoperative hidden blood loss and total hidden blood loss between males and females (P < 0.05), and above indexes in males were significantly lower than in females. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender and internal fixation methods were correlated with hidden blood loss (P < 0.05). These results suggest that the perioperative hidden blood loss in surgery for elderly femoral intertrochanteric fractures is closely related to gender and above indexes in internal fixation methods. The perioperative hidden blood loss of male patients is less than that of female patients, and the patients treated with proximal femoral anti-rotation intramedullary nail fixation have more hidden blood loss than dynamic hip screw fixation.