中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2010, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (42): 7907-7910.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.42.028

• 生物材料学术探讨 biomaterial academic discussion • 上一篇    下一篇

不同材料构建组织工程神经及其应用

郑胜哲1，卢  蕾2，宋  磊2   

  1. 1吉林省延边大学附属医院神经内科，吉林省延吉市     133000；2吉林大学第一医院神经内科，吉林省长春市  130021
  • 出版日期:2010-10-15 发布日期:2010-10-15
  • 作者简介:郑胜哲☆，男，1978年生，吉林省延边市人，吉林大学在读博士，主治医师，主要从事神经病学研究。 neurology@139.com

Tissue engineered nerve constructed with different materials and its application

Zheng Sheng-zhe1, Lu Lei2, Song Lei2   

  1. 1 Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji   133000, Jilin Province, China; 2 Department of Neurology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun  130021, Jilin Province, China
  • Online:2010-10-15 Published:2010-10-15
  • About author:Zheng Sheng-zhe☆, Studying for doctorate, Attending physician, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, Jilin Province, China neurology@139.com

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摘要：

目的：评价组织工程神经支架材料的性能及其在神经损伤修复中的应用效果。
方法：以“组织工程，组织工程神经，人工神经，神经材料，神经损伤修复”为中文关键词，以“tissue engineering, tissue engineering nerve, artificial nerve，materials，repairing of neural injury”为英文关键词，采用计算机检索2000-01/2010-03有关组织工程神经支架材料性能及其在神经损伤修复中应用的文章，排除重复研究或Meta分析类文章。
结果：共纳入20篇文献讨论组织工程神经修复材料的种类及其性能。自体神经移植可作为一种较理想的方法应用于神经组织工程，不但具有理想的生物相容性、生物降解性和较高的亲和性，而且能促进神经生长因子生长、组织修复，但取材有限。明胶无抗原性，生物相容性好，可完全生物降解，可以实现神经自身的修复。壳聚糖是天然多糖中惟一大量存在的碱性氨基多糖，具有很好的生物相容性、可降解性、无毒性等，但仍满足不了完全相容的需要。纳米修饰技术有望被应用于下一代组织工程神经移植。                                                                             
结论：随着高分子材料学的发展，越来越多生物可降解性合成材料被证明可以支持神经再生，但仍没有发现一种很理想的神经修复材料。如何寻找一种良好的神经支架材料，具有与神经再生速度相匹配的降解速度、最佳孔隙率、导管厚度、形状等均是问题，而神经支架材料要实现与种子细胞、神经营养因子的最佳搭配才能最大程度上促进神经再生。

关键词: 组织工程神经, 神经材料, 性能, 神经损伤修复, 组织工程

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of tissue engineered neural scaffolds and their use in repair of neural injury.
METHODS: Using “tissue engineering, tissue engineering nerve, artificial nerve, materials, repairing of neural injury” in Chinese and in English as the key words, a computer research was performed for articles between January 2000 and March 2010 about tissue engineering nerve scaffold material properties and its application in neural injury repair, duplicated study or Meta analysis were excluded.
RESULTS: A total of 20 articles mainly discussed the types and properties of tissue engineering nerve scaffold materials. Autologous nerve graft can be used as an ideal method applied to nerve tissue engineering, it not only has good biocompatibility, biodegradability and high affinity, also promote nerve growth factor growth and tissue repair, but the source is limited. Gelatin has no antigenicity, good biocompatibility, and can be completely biodegradable, achieve self-repair of nerve itself. Chitosan is a basic amino polysaccharide only greatly present in natural polysaccharide, has good biocompatibility, biodegradability and no toxicity, but still fails to meet the needs of being fully compatible. Nano-modification technology is expected to be used in following generation of tissue engineering nerve graft.
CONCLUSION: With the development of polymer materials science, more and more biodegradable synthetic materials have been shown to support neural regeneration, but an ideal nerve repair material is absent. It is a key to find a good neural scaffold that has a degradation rate to match neural regeneration speed, the best porosity, tube thickness, shape and so on, while nerve scaffolds achieve the greatest extent on the promotion of neural regeneration through the optimal choice with seed cells and neurotrophic factors.

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