中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (21): 5386-5395.doi: 10.12307/2026.217

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

钛合金多孔垫块增强高位胫骨截骨与传统T型钢板及植骨的生物力学分析

卿明松1,盛晓磊2,李豫皖3,徐  志4,王伦华1,刘进南1
  

  1. 1贵州茅台医院骨科,贵州省仁怀市   564500;2苏州大学附属张家港医院骨科,江苏省张家港市   215600;3浙江大学医学院附属第一医院骨科,浙江省杭州市   310009;4张家港市第五人民医院骨科,江苏省张家港市   215600
  • 接受日期:2025-09-03 出版日期:2026-07-28 发布日期:2026-03-03
  • 通讯作者: 刘进南,硕士,副主任医师,贵州茅台医院骨科,贵州省仁怀市 564500
  • 作者简介:卿明松,男,1993年生,贵州省仁怀市人,汉族,2019年遵义医学院毕业,硕士,主治医师,主要从事四肢创伤研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(82302853),项目负责人:李豫皖

Biomechanical analysis of titanium alloy porous spacer-enhanced high tibial osteotomy versus conventional T-shaped plate and bone grafting

Qing Mingsong1, Sheng Xiaolei2, Li Yuwan3, Xu Zhi4, Wang Lunhua1, Liu Jinnan1   

  1. 1Department of Orthopedics, Kweichow Moutai Hospital, Renhuai 564500, Guizhou Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhangjiagang Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Zhangjiagang 215600, Jiangsu Province, China; 3Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China; 4Department of Orthopedics, Zhangjiagang Fifth People's Hospital, Zhangjiagang 215600, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Accepted:2025-09-03 Online:2026-07-28 Published:2026-03-03
  • Contact: Liu Jinnan, MS, Associate chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Kweichow Moutai Hospital, Renhuai 564500, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Qing Mingsong, MS, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics, Kweichow Moutai Hospital, Renhuai 564500, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Youth Science Foundation of National Natural Science Foundation, No. 82302853 (to LYW)

摘要:

文题释义:

胫骨高位截骨:一种通过调整胫骨上部的角度来矫正膝关节力线、减轻关节内侧压力的手术,常用于治疗膝关节单间室骨关节炎。
钛合金多孔垫块:一种具有多孔结构的钛合金植入物,该垫块采用钛合金材料,其内部结构具有多孔特性,能够模拟人体骨骼的自然结构,可提供更好的生物力学稳定性并有利于骨整合。

摘要
背景:对于特定膝骨关节炎患者群体,高位胫骨截骨是一种有效的治疗手段,但传统T型钢板存在多种局限性。
目的:通过有限元分析比较钛合金多孔垫块与传统T型钢板及植骨方案在胫骨高位截骨中的生物力学性能差异。
方法:采用计算机模拟实验,对1例接受胫骨高位截骨术的55岁男性患者进行了三维有限元分析。构建了3种不同的内植物几何模型:传统T型钢板高位胫骨截骨模型(模型A)、植骨增强高位胫骨截骨模型(模型B)和钛合金多孔垫块增强高位胫骨截骨模型(模型C)。这些模型分别用于评估在站立和起立2种载荷条件下,不同植入物对整体位移、应力分布等指标的影响。
结果与结论:①验证结果显示,构建的有限元模型有效;②在稳定性方面,模型C(钛合金多孔垫块增强胫骨高位截骨模型)表现出最佳的整体位移最小化效果,在站立和起立工况下最大位移较其他两个模型显著降低;③应力分析表明,模型C的T型钢板应力水平最低,分别为(40.9±36.5) MPa(站立)和(66.1±44.7) MPa(起立),相比模型A减少了91.2%和92.9%;此外,模型C在外侧铰链部位的平均应力也明显低于模型A和B,显示出其降低外侧铰链骨折风险的优势;近端截骨接触面和铰链部位的应力分布显示,模型C具有更好的应力激发效果,有助于促进骨愈合,同时可降低铰链骨折的风险;④提示钛合金多孔垫块不仅提升了手术区域的初始稳定性,而且通过优化应力传导路径及提供良好的生物相容性环境,为解决现有接骨板机械稳定性不足与生物学融合缺陷提供了新思路,具有潜在的临床应用价值。



中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 胫骨高位截骨, 钛合金多孔垫块, T型钢板, 自体骨, 同种异体骨, 有限元分析

Abstract: BACKGROUND: High tibial osteotomy is an effective treatment for certain patients with knee osteoarthritis; however, traditional T-shaped plates have multiple limitations.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the biomechanical performance of titanium alloy porous blocks with that of conventional T-shaped plates and bone grafting schemes in high tibial osteotomy using finite element analysis.
METHODS: A computer simulation experiment was conducted, performing three-dimensional finite element analysis on a 55-year-old male patient who underwent high tibial osteotomy. Three different implant geometries were constructed: a conventional T-shaped plate high tibial osteotomy model (Model A), a bone graft–augmented high tibial osteotomy model (Model B), and a titanium alloy porous block–augmented high tibial osteotomy model (Model C). These models were used to evaluate the effects of each implant on total displacement and stress distribution under two loading conditions: standing and initial rising from a seated position. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Validation results confirmed that the finite element models were effective. (2) In terms of stability, Model C (titanium alloy porous block–augmented high tibial osteotomy) demonstrated the best reduction in total displacement, with maximum displacements under both standing and rising conditions significantly lower than those of the other two models. (3) Stress analysis revealed that Model C’s T-shaped plate experienced the lowest stress values: (40.9±36.5) MPa (standing) and (66.1±44.7) MPa (rising), representing reductions of 91.2% and 92.9%, respectively, compared with Model A. Additionally, Model C exhibited significantly lower mean stress at the lateral hinge region than Models A and B, indicating a reduced risk of lateral hinge fracture. Stress distribution at the proximal osteotomy contact surface and hinge region showed that Model C provided more favorable stress stimulation, which may promote bone healing while lowering hinge fracture risk. (4) It is indicated that the titanium alloy porous block not only enhances initial stability at the osteotomy site but, by optimizing stress transmission pathways and offering a biocompatible environment, also addresses shortcomings in mechanical stability and biological integration found in existing plating techniques. These findings suggest promising clinical application potential.

Key words: high tibial osteotomy, titanium alloy porous block, T-shaped plate, autograft, allograft, finite element analysis

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