中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (13): 3270-3279.doi: 10.12307/2026.134

• 脂肪干细胞 adipose-derived stem cells • 上一篇    下一篇

还原型氧化石墨烯提高脂肪干细胞内皮向分化效率及血管形成能力

姚金凤1,邓梦昭1,谢  添1,陈  瞰1,王海霞2   

  1. 1深圳市第二人民医院/深圳大学第一附属医院口腔科,广东省深圳市   518035;2 联勤保障部队大连第967医院口腔科,辽宁省大连市   116000
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-28 修回日期:2025-08-05 接受日期:2025-08-14 出版日期:2026-05-08 发布日期:2025-12-25
  • 通讯作者: 王海霞,副主任医师,联勤保障部队大连第967医院口腔科,辽宁省大连市 116000
  • 作者简介:姚金凤,女,1981 年生,甘肃省兰州市人,汉族,副主任医师,博士,主要从事骨缺损修复材料相关的基础和临床研究。
  • 基金资助:
    广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目( B2023428),项目负责人:姚金凤

Reduced graphene oxide improves endothelial differentiation efficiency and angiogenesis ability of adipose-derived stem cells

Yao Jinfeng1, Deng Mengzhao1, Xie Tian1, Chen Kan1, Wang Haixia2   

  1. 1Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, Guangdong Province, China; 2Department of Stomatology, Joint Logistics Support Force 967th Hospital, Dalian 116000, Liaoning Province, China
  • Received:2025-05-28 Revised:2025-08-05 Accepted:2025-08-14 Online:2026-05-08 Published:2025-12-25
  • Contact: Wang Haixia, Associate chief physician, Department of Stomatology, Joint Logistics Support Force 967th Hospital, Dalian 116000, Liaoning Province, China
  • About author:Yao Jinfeng, MD, Associate chief physician, Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Guangdong Province of China, No. B2023428 (to YJF)

摘要:

文题释义:

还原型氧化石墨烯:为氧化石墨烯经还原处理后保留部分含氧官能团的二维层状碳基纳米材料,其含氧官能团可与细胞表面受体特异性结合,进而激活细胞内信号通路,调控血管生成相关因子的分泌;同时,还原型氧化石墨烯的二维片层结构可模拟细胞外基质成分,为细胞提供类体内环境的支撑平台。还原型氧化石墨烯凭借优异的生物活性和促血管生成潜力,在组织工程血管化领域备受关注。
脂肪干细胞:为源于脂肪组织的间充质干细胞,它具有自我更新和多向分化(如脂肪、成骨、软骨、肌肉和内皮细胞等)潜能,在组织工程中优势显著:一是来源广泛,抽脂手术就能大量获取;二是免疫原性低,同种异体移植时免疫排斥反应弱;三是旁分泌功能强大,可分泌多种生物活性因子促进细胞增殖、分化和组织修复再生,利于构建和优化组织工程微环境以实现组织修复与功能重建。

摘要
背景:脂肪干细胞能够在特定的诱导环境下分化为血管内皮细胞,是组织工程血管化过程中较为理想的种子细胞。然而脂肪干细胞的内皮向分化效率低,严重限制了该方法的应用。
目的:探讨还原型氧化石墨烯对脂肪干细胞内皮向分化效率和血管形成能力的影响。
方法:首先,采用绿色合成工艺制备还原型氧化石墨烯,使用透射电镜、能谱分析和傅里叶变换红外光谱等手段对还原型氧化石墨烯进行材料表征。然后将不同质量浓度的还原型氧化石墨烯与脂肪干细胞共培养,通过CCK-8实验确定还原型氧化石墨烯的安全浓度范围,接着利用安全浓度范围内的还原型氧化石墨烯诱导脂肪干细胞内皮向分化,通过RT-qPCR和Western blot检测脂肪干细胞内皮向分化相关指标的表达。最后,通过划痕实验和小管形成实验评估还原型氧化石墨烯诱导分化后细胞的成管和迁移能力。

结果与结论:①还原型氧化石墨烯具有典型的二维片状结构,主要含碳、氧元素,可检测到与含氧官能团相关的特征吸收峰;②CCK-8实验结果显示,10 μg/mL及以下浓度的还原型氧化石墨烯培养72 h对脂肪干细胞的活力无影响;③RT-qPCR和Western blot结果显示,10 μg/mL及以下浓度的还原型氧化石墨烯诱导6,9 d均可以显著提高脂肪干细胞内皮向分化相关标志物的表达,其中5 μg/mL还原型氧化石墨烯诱导9 d,内皮向分化标志物基因表达差异最大;④划痕实验和小管形成实验结果表明,相较于空白组和对照组,还原型氧化石墨烯组细胞的迁移和成管能力显著增强;⑤结果表明,绿色合成的还原型氧化石墨烯可以显著提高脂肪干细胞的内皮向分化效率,其中5 μg/mL还原型氧化石墨烯诱导9 d是最佳的时间浓度组合,诱导分化后的细胞具有更好的血管形成功能。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1548-1276 (姚金凤) 

关键词: 脂肪干细胞, 还原型氧化石墨烯, 绿色合成工艺, 内皮向分化, 血管生成, 组织工程血管化

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Adipose-derived stem cells can differentiate into vascular endothelial cells in a specific induction environment and are ideal seed cells in the process of tissue engineering vascularization.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of reduced graphene oxide on the endothelial differentiation efficiency and angiogenesis ability of adipose-derived stem cells.
METHODS: Firstly, reduced graphene oxide was prepared by green synthesis process and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, energy spectrum analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Different mass concentrations of reduced graphene oxide were co-cultured with adipose-derived stem cells, and the safe concentration range of reduced graphene oxide was determined by CCK8 assay. Then, the endothelial differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells was induced by reduced graphene oxide in a safe concentration range for different times. The expression of endothelial differentiation-related indicators of adipose-derived stem cells was detected by RT-qPCR and western blot assay. Finally, the tube formation and migration abilities of cells induced by reduced graphene oxide were evaluated by scratch test and tubule formation test.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Reduced graphene oxide has a typical two-dimensional sheet structure, mainly containing carbon and oxygen elements, and characteristic absorption peaks related to oxygen-containing functional groups can be detected. (2) The results of CCK-8 assay showed that reduced graphene oxide at a concentration of 10 μg/mL or less had no effect on the cell viability of adipose-derived stem cells after 72 hours of culture. (3) The results of RT-qPCR and western blot assay show that reduced graphene oxide at a concentration of 10 μg/mL or less could significantly increase the expression of markers related to endothelial differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells after 6 and 9 days of induction, among which 5 μg/mL reduced graphene oxide induced 9 days, and the gene expression difference of endothelial differentiation markers was the greatest. (4) The results of scratch test and tubule formation test showed that compared with the blank group and the control group, the migration and tube formation abilities of cells in the reduced graphene oxide group were significantly enhanced. (5) The results show that green synthesized reduced graphene oxide can significantly improve the endothelial differentiation efficiency of adipose-derived stem cells, among which 5 μg/mL reduced graphene oxide induction for 9 days is the best time-concentration combination, and the induced differentiated cells have better angiogenesis function.

Key words: adipose-derived stem cell, reduced graphene oxide, green synthesis process, endothelial differentiation, angiogenesis, tissue engineering vascularization

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