中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (28): 6012-6019.doi: 10.12307/2025.474

• 组织工程口腔材料 tissue-engineered oral materials • 上一篇    下一篇

无托槽隐形矫治器配合不同位置支抗钉及精密切割远移上颌磨牙的有限元分析

叶盼盼1,徐长溪1,李  慧2,张  洋3,徐晓琳2,王洪宁2   

  1. 1滨州医学院口腔医学院,山东省烟台市   264003;2滨州医学院附属烟台口腔医院正畸科,山东省烟台市   264001;3鲁东大学蔚山船舶与海洋学院,山东省烟台市   264025
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-07 接受日期:2024-07-08 出版日期:2025-10-08 发布日期:2024-12-07
  • 通讯作者: 王洪宁,硕士,副主任医师,滨州医学院附属烟台口腔医院正畸科,山东省烟台市 264001
  • 作者简介:叶盼盼,男,2000年生,安徽省亳州市人,汉族,滨州医学院在读硕士,主要从事数字化正畸研究。
  • 基金资助:
    烟台市科技创新发展计划项目(2023YD044),课题名称:基于有限元分析的无托槽隐形矫治器整体压低下前牙的临床考量,项目负责人:王洪宁

Finite element analysis on miniscrews and hooks with different locations assisted clear aligners in maxillary molar distalization

Ye Panpan1, Xu Changxi1, Li Hui2, Zhang Yang3, Xu Xiaolin2, Wang Hongning2   

  1. 1School of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong Province, China; 2Orthodontic Department, Yantai Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264001, Shandong Province, China; 3Ulsan Ship and Ocean College, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2024-05-07 Accepted:2024-07-08 Online:2025-10-08 Published:2024-12-07
  • Contact: Wang Hongning, MS, Associate chief physician, Orthodontic Department, Yantai Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264001, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Ye Panpan, Master candidate, School of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Yantai Science and Technology Innovation Development Plan Project, No. 2023YD044 (to WHN)

摘要:


文题释义:

支抗钉:一种以上下颌骨直接承受矫治中支抗力的骨性支抗装置,能够有效减少矫治过程中非矫治牙的支抗丧失。由于支抗钉植入具有操作简便、可持续产生矫治力、不依赖患者配合、舒适度高等特点,所以在正畸临床中得到广泛应用,尤其是上下颌磨牙远移、关闭拔牙间隙等需要强支抗的矫治。
无托槽隐形矫治器:一种由数字化技术辅助设计、使用医用高分子材料制作的活动矫治器,通过包裹式加力实现牙齿小范围的连续移动,从而达到矫治目标。相较于传统固定矫治,无托槽隐形矫治具有舒适、美观、复诊周期长等优点,但矫治力大小和方向更加复杂,因此其生物力学研究仍处于初步探索阶段。


背景:支抗钉辅助无托槽隐形矫治器远移磨牙是临床中常用的矫治方法,而支抗钉不同植入位置及不同牙位的精密切割会对矫治效果产生影响。

目的:运用有限元分析不同牙位精密切割及颊、腭侧支抗钉辅助无托槽隐形矫治器远移磨牙的生物力学效应。
方法:通过整合志愿者锥形束CT及Itero口内扫描数据构建高精度有限元模型,模拟支抗钉联合精密切割行弹性牵引辅助无托槽隐形矫治器,同时远移上颌第一、二磨牙,设计远移量为0.2 mm。基于颊侧支抗钉、腭侧支抗钉及尖牙处和第一前磨牙处精密切割的设计,建立4组工况,分别为颊侧支抗钉配合在尖牙颊侧做精密切割、颊侧支抗钉配合在第一前磨牙颊侧做精密切割、腭侧支抗钉配合在尖牙舌侧做精密切割、腭侧支抗钉配合在第一前磨牙舌侧做精密切割。使用ANSYS软件分析各工况中上颌牙齿在三维方向的位移趋势及牙周膜最大等效应力。

结果与结论:①无论精密切割位于尖牙还是第一前磨牙,相较于颊侧支抗钉,腭侧支抗钉能增大上颌磨牙远移量、减少前磨牙近中移动和前牙唇倾趋势,磨牙牙周膜最大等效应力增大,前牙牙周膜最大等效应力减小;②无论支抗钉位于颊侧还是腭侧,相较于在第一前磨牙处做精密切割,在尖牙处做精密切割时,前牙唇倾趋势减小,磨牙远中移动量减小,前磨牙近中移动量增大,磨牙及前牙牙周膜最大等效应力均减小;③无论支抗钉位于颊侧还是腭侧、精密切割位于尖牙还是第一前磨牙,磨牙均无法实现整体移动;④结果显示,无托槽隐形矫治器配合腭侧支抗钉及在第一前磨牙处做精密切割更有利于提高上颌磨牙远移效率,但需要注意保护前牙支抗及磨牙转矩控制;无托槽隐形矫治器配合腭侧支抗钉及在尖牙处做精密切割更有利于远移磨牙后内收前牙,但磨牙远移效率会相对减小。

https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8918-4595 (叶盼盼) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料;口腔生物材料;纳米材料;缓释材料;材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 有限元分析, 无托槽隐形矫治器, 磨牙远移, 支抗钉, 精密切割, 弹性牵引

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The utilization of miniscrews for assisting in molar distalization with clear aligners is a commonly adopted clinical approach. However, treatment outcomes may be influenced by the implantation position of miniscrew and the hooks in various tooth location.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the biomechanical effects of hooks at different tooth positions and the assistance of buccal and palatal miniscrews in distalizing molars with clear aligners by using the finite element method.
METHODS: By integrating volunteer cone beam CT and Itero intraoral scan data, high-precision finite element models were constructed to simulate the combined use of miniscrews and hooks to assist in the distalization of the maxillary first and second molars with clear aligners, aiming for a designed distalization magnitude of 0.2 mm. Four conditions were established based on the placement of buccal or palatal miniscrews, as well as the located of hooks at the canine or first premolar. The buccal anchorage screw was used in combination with hooks on the buccal side of the canine; the buccal anchorage screw was used in combination with hooks on the buccal side of the first premolar; the palatal anchorage screw was used in combination with hooks on the lingual side of the canine, and the palatal anchorage screw was used in combination with hooks on the lingual side of the first premolar. Analysis using ANSYS software was conducted to evaluate the three-dimensional displacement trends of maxillary teeth and the maximum equivalent stress on the periodontal ligament under each condition. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Regardless of whether hooks were placed on canines or first premolars, palatal miniscrews had been shown to enhance the distal movement of maxillary molars and reduce the mesial movement of premolars as well as the labial tipping tendency of anterior teeth, compared to buccal miniscrews. The maximum equivalent stress in the periodontal ligament of molars was increased, while that of anterior teeth was decreased. (2) Regardless of whether the miniscrews were located on the buccal or palatal side, compared with hooks at the first premolar, when hooks were done at the canine, the labial inclination trend of the anterior teeth was reduced, the distal movement of the molars was reduced, the mesial movement of the premolars was increased, and the maximum equivalent stress of the molar and the periodontal membrane of the anterior teeth was reduced. (3) Regardless of whether miniscrews were located on the buccal or palatal side, and the hooks were located on the canine or the first premolar, the molar could not achieve overall movement. (4) The results show that clear aligner combined with palatal miniscrews and hooks at the first premolar are more conducive to improving the efficiency of maxillary molar distalization, but attention should be paid to protecting the anterior tooth miniscrews and molar torque control; clear aligner combined with palatal miniscrews and hooks at the canine is more conducive to reducing the labial tipping tendency of anterior teeth, but the efficiency of molar distalization will be relatively reduced.

Key words: finite element analysis, clear aligner, molar distalization, miniscrew, hook, elastic traction

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