中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (24): 3827-3832.doi: 10.12307/2024.090

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

胫骨假体内外翻角对固定平台单髁关节置换后近期疗效的影响

王  虎,冯  硕,张  强,陈家浩,陈向阳   

  1. 徐州医科大学附属医院骨关节科,江苏省徐州市   221000
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-20 接受日期:2023-06-19 出版日期:2024-08-28 发布日期:2023-11-20
  • 通讯作者: 陈向阳,博士,主任医师,副教授,徐州医科大学附属医院骨关节科,江苏省徐州市 221000
  • 作者简介:王虎,男,1996 年生,安徽省淮南市人,汉族,徐州医科大学在读硕士,主要从事骨关节外科方向的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省老年健康科研项目(LX2021010),项目负责人:陈向阳

Effect of varus and valgus angles of tibial prosthesis on short-term outcome of fixed bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty

Wang Hu, Feng Shuo, Zhang Qiang, Chen Jiahao, Chen Xiangyang   

  1. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2023-04-20 Accepted:2023-06-19 Online:2024-08-28 Published:2023-11-20
  • Contact: Chen Xiangyang, MD, Chief physician, Associate professor, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Wang Hu, Master candidate, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Scientific Research Project of Elderly Health of Jiangsu Province, No. LX2021010 (to CXY)

摘要:


文题释义:

单髁关节置换:用于治疗单间室膝骨关节炎的有效方法,具有保留骨量多、康复速度更快、功能效果更好的特点。此外,单髁关节置换可以保留交叉韧带,更好地保留了膝关节的运动学和本体感觉。
胫骨假体内外翻角:X射线正位片上,胫骨假体横轴垂直线与胫骨近端解剖轴之间的夹角,其角度大小对于缓解患者症状、加速康复以及假体寿命具有重要影响。


背景:既往国内外均有文献报道活动平台单髁关节置换后胫骨假体内外翻角度对术后短期疗效的影响,然而对固定平台单髁关节置换后胫骨假体内外翻角度短期疗效的影响鲜有报道。

目的:探讨膝关节内侧骨关节炎患者接受固定平台单髁关节置换后,胫骨假体内外翻角对近期临床疗效的影响。
方法:选择2020年8月至2023年1月因膝关节内侧骨关节炎于徐州医科大学附属医院骨关节科行固定平台单髁关节置换的120例患者(122膝)为研究对象,分别由2名医师基于术后X射线片测量单髁关节置换后股骨假体内外翻角、胫骨假体内外翻角、股骨假体屈伸角以及胫骨假体后倾角。排除其余3个角度的影响后,将胫骨假体内外翻角测量结果分为< -2°、-2°-2°、> 2° 3组,分别记为第1,2,3组。记录各组患者术前、术后末次随访的膝关节活动度、美国特种外科医院膝关节评分、美国膝关节协会评分及人工关节遗忘指数,并进行对比。

结果与结论:①共纳入120例患者(122膝),根据术后胫骨假体内外翻角大小进行分组,第1组37例,第2组60例,第3组23例,3组患者在年龄、性别、术侧等基线资料上差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);②患者置换后随访时间为3-30个月;③第2组术后末次随访美国特种外科医院评分高于第1组(P=0.015)和第3组(P=0.012);第2组术后末次随访美国膝关节协会临床评分显著高于第1组(P=0.014)和第3组(P < 0.001);在术后人工关节遗忘指数上,第2组高于第1组(P=0.033)和第3组(P=0.016);④提示固定平台单髁关节置换术后,胫骨假体内外翻角处于 -2°-2°时可以取得较好的短期临床疗效,假体自我化程度较高。

https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8567-5323 (王虎) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 单髁关节置换, 膝关节内侧骨性关节炎, 胫骨假体内外翻角, 固定平台, 临床疗效

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies on the effects of valgus and varus angles of tibial component on short-term postoperative outcomes after mobile bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty have been reported in and outside China. However, there are few reports on the effect of the valgus and varus angles of tibial component on short-term postoperative outcomes after fixed bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. 
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of valgus and varus angles of tibial component on short-term clinical outcomes in patients with medial knee osteoarthritis undergoing fixed bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.  
METHODS: 120 patients (122 knees) who underwent fixed bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty for medial knee osteoarthritis in Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from August 2020 to January 2023 were selected as the study subjects. Two physicians measured the varus angle of femoral prosthesis, valgus and varus angles of tibial prosthesis, flexion and extension angles of femoral prosthesis, and posterior inclination angle of tibial prosthesis after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty based on postoperative X-ray. After excluding the influence of the other three angles, the measurement results of the tibial component varus angle were divided into three groups: <-2°,-2° to 2°, >2°, which were denoted as groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The range of knee motion, the hospital for special surgery knee score, the American knee society score, and forgotten joint score were recorded and compared before and after the operation.   
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) A total of 120 patients (122 knees) were enrolled in this study. They were divided into three groups according to the size of the valgus and varus angles of the tibial prosthesis after operation: 37 patients in the first group, 60 patients in the second group, and 23 patients in the third group. There was no significant difference between the three groups in terms of baseline information such as age, gender, and side of surgery (P > 0.05). (2) Patients were followed up for 3-30 months after arthroplasty. (3) The hospital for special surgery knee score of the second group was higher than that of the first group (P=0.015) and the third group (P=0.012). The American knee society score of the second group was significantly higher than that of the first group (P=0.014) and the third group (P < 0.001). The forgotten joint score of the second group was higher than that of the first group (P=0.033) and the third group (P=0.016). (4) After fixed bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, when the valgus angle of tibial prosthesis was  -2° to 2°, which can achieve better short-term clinical results, the degree of prosthesis self-realization is higher.

Key words: unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, medial knee osteoarthritis, varus and valgus angles of tibial prosthesis, fixed bearing, clinical effect

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