中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (27): 4360-4366.doi: 10.12307/2022.868

• 组织工程骨材料Tissue-engineered bone • 上一篇    下一篇

嵌入式椎体后凸成形与椎体成形治疗创伤后椎体骨坏死: 骨水泥移位的有限元分析

李世文,奚春阳,王晓岩,陈建百,由长城,乔文涛,徐公平   

  1. 哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院,黑龙江省哈尔滨市  150000
  • 收稿日期:2021-05-18 接受日期:2021-07-24 出版日期:2022-09-28 发布日期:2022-03-11
  • 通讯作者: 徐公平,主任医师,哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院骨外七病房,黑龙江省哈尔滨市 150000
  • 作者简介:李世文,男,1995年生,甘肃省兰州市人,汉族,哈尔滨医科大学第二临床医学院在读硕士,主要从事脊柱外科、骨组织工程研究。 奚春阳,男,1980年生,黑龙江省五常市人,满族,2010年哈尔滨医科大学毕业,博士,副主任医师,主要从事脊柱外科、骨组织工程研究。

Embedded percutaneous kyphoplasty and percutaneous vertebroplasty for treating post-traumatic vertebral osteonecrosis: finite element analysis of bone cement displacement

Li Shiwen, Xi Chunyang, Wang Xiaoyan, Chen Jianbai, You Changcheng, Qiao Wentao, Xu Gongping   

  1. Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • Received:2021-05-18 Accepted:2021-07-24 Online:2022-09-28 Published:2022-03-11
  • Contact: Xu Gongping, Chief physician, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • About author:Li Shiwen, Master candidate, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, China Xi Chunyang, MD, Associate chief physician, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, China Li Shiwen and Xi Chunyang contributed equally to this article.

摘要:

文题释义:
创伤后椎体骨坏死:也称为“陈旧性椎体骨折不愈合”“Kümmell’s病”“椎体假关节”,创伤后椎体骨坏死的重要特征在于伤椎椎体内存在充盈着血性液体、肉芽组织甚至气体的裂隙,裂隙内的坏死物质会形成一层假膜,治疗创伤后椎体骨坏死的手术方式主要包含椎体成形、椎体后凸成形及钉棒内固定手术。
嵌入式椎体后凸成形:一种针对于创伤后椎体骨坏死改良的椎体后凸成形术式,在单纯应用椎体成形手术治疗创伤后椎体骨坏死时,椎体裂隙腔内的假膜会阻碍骨水泥向周围松质骨的渗透,而嵌入式椎体后凸成形术式的原理是利用球囊人为地在裂隙和松质骨交界面制作一个锚定点,通过填充锚定点的骨水泥增加骨水泥在椎体内的把持力,降低骨水泥移位风险。

背景:创伤后椎体骨坏死的重要病理特征为伤椎内存在椎体裂隙,裂隙内的血性液体及肉芽组织会形成一层假膜,影响椎体成形治疗时骨水泥的渗透及分布,进而影响骨水泥把持力,导致骨水泥移位的风险升高。
目的:对比嵌入式椎体后凸成形和椎体成形治疗创伤后椎体骨坏死术后椎体内骨水泥移位的风险。
方法:收集1名接受嵌入式椎体后凸成形治疗的创伤后椎体骨坏死女性患者的术后胸椎CT DICOM数据,利用Mimics、Geomagic及Solidwork构建出T9-T11椎体成形治疗三维模型与嵌入式椎体后凸成形治疗三维模型(锚定点100%),同时构建锚定点等比例缩小的20%,40%,60%,80%嵌入式椎体后凸成形模型,然后利用有限元分析软件Ansys对6种模型分别施加150 N轴向压力和10 Nm力矩来模拟前屈、后伸、左右侧弯及左右旋转6种运动,观察受力后模型T10椎体内的骨水泥位移变化。
结果与结论:①在6种运动状态下,嵌入式椎体后凸成形100%模型及嵌入式椎体后凸成形20%模型T10椎体内的骨水泥位移量均小于椎体成形模型(P < 0.01);在前屈、后伸、右侧弯及左右旋转运动状态下,随着嵌入式椎体后凸成形模型锚定点的缩小,骨水泥受力后的位移呈逐渐增大趋势(P < 0.001)。②结果表明,嵌入式椎体后凸成形治疗创伤后椎体骨坏死后骨水泥在椎体内移位的风险要小于椎体成形治疗。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6370-1136 (李世文) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料;口腔生物材料;纳米材料;缓释材料;材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 胸椎骨折, 骨水泥, 创伤后椎体骨坏死, 椎体成形, 椎体后凸成形, 有限元, 骨质疏松症, 椎体压缩性骨折

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Important pathological feature of post-traumatic vertebral osteonecrosis is fissures in the injured vertebra body, bloody fluid and granulation in the fissures. The tissue can form a pseudomembrane. The pseudomembrane formed by necrotic material and granulation tissue can affect the penetration and distribution of the bone cement during vertebroplasty, which can affect the holding power of the bone cement, and increase the risk of bone cement displacement. 
OBJECTIVE: To compare the risk of bone cement displacement in the vertebral body after the treatment of post-traumatic vertebral osteonecrosis with embedded percutaneous kyphoplasty and percutaneous vertebroplasty.   
METHODS: Dicom data of postoperative thoracic CT of a female patient with post-traumatic vertebral osteonecrosis who received embedded percutaneous kyphoplasty treatment were collected. Mimics, Geomagic and Solidwork were utilized to construct three-dimensional embedded percutaneous kyphoplasty treatment models of T9-T11, then build percutaneous vertebroplasty treatment models (anchor point 100%). Embedded percutaneous kyphoplasty models with different size anchors (20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%) were constructed. The finite element analysis software Ansys was used to apply pressures of 150 N in the axial direction and 10 Nm of torque to simulate six movements: flexion, extension, left and right bending, and left and right rotation. The changes in the displacement of the bone cement were observed in the T10 vertebral body of the force model.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) In the six states, the displacement of the bone cement in the T10 vertebral body of the 100% embedded percutaneous kyphoplasty model and the 20% embedded percutaneous kyphoplasty model was smaller than that of the percutaneous vertebroplasty model (P < 0.01). In the states of flexion, extension, right bending and left and right rotation, as the anchor point of the embedded percutaneous kyphoplasty model decreased, the displacement of the bone cement after the force gradually increased (P < 0.001). (2) It is concluded that the risk of bone cement displacement in the vertebral body of embedded percutaneous kyphoplasty treatment is less than that of the percutaneous vertebroplasty treatment in post-traumatic vertebral osteonecrosis. 

Key words: thoracic vertebra fracture, bone cement, post-traumatic vertebral osteonecrosis, percutaneous vertebroplasty, percutaneous kyphoplasty, finite element, osteoporosis, vertebral compression fracture

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