中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (21): 3357-3362.doi: 10.12307/2022.644

• 材料力学及表面改性 material mechanics and surface modification • 上一篇    下一篇

不同材料属性赋予下椎体的静力学分析

关天民,陈向禹,朱  晔,任  东   

  1. 大连交通大学机械工程学院,辽宁省大连市   116028
  • 收稿日期:2021-05-26 接受日期:2021-07-24 出版日期:2022-07-28 发布日期:2022-01-28
  • 通讯作者: 朱晔,博士,讲师,大连交通大学机械工程学院,辽宁省大连市 116028
  • 作者简介:关天民,男,1963年生,博士,教授,硕士生导师,主要从事先进运动与康复器械、人机工程研究。

Different material attributes are assigned to the vertebral body for statics analysis

Guan Tianmin, Chen Xiangyu, Zhu Ye, Ren Dong   

  1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian 116028, Liaoning Province, China
  • Received:2021-05-26 Accepted:2021-07-24 Online:2022-07-28 Published:2022-01-28
  • Contact: Zhu Ye, PhD, Lecturer, School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian 116028, Liaoning Province, China
  • About author:Guan Tianmin, PhD, Professor, Master’s supervisor, School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian 116028, Liaoning Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
材料属性赋予:由于骨骼的非线性及骨质分布不均匀,学者们在进行椎体模拟分析时进行了不同方法的材料属性赋予来提高分析效率。
图像分割:根据CT数据灰度阈值进行区域生长、形态学操作、布尔操作、动态区域生长、多层编辑等进而提取出所需要的部位。

背景:人体骨骼具有非线性强、骨质分布不均匀等特点,不同的弹性模量赋值导致静力学结果差异性大。
目的:分析3种材料属性赋予方法在椎体数值模拟分析中的差异性。
方法:基于逆向工程原理,通过图像分割建立腰椎L4、L5及椎间盘模型,对椎体模型赋予3种材料属性:①灰度值赋值:通过Mimics利用灰度值进行梯度赋值;②均质及灰度值混合赋值:对椎体前端皮质骨进行单一弹性模量赋予,对前端松质骨及后端椎弓根、横突、棘突等利用灰度值进行赋予;③皮质骨及松质骨赋值:采用皮质骨及松质骨两种弹性模量。对3种赋值方法下的有限元模型进行轴向载荷100-500 N加载,以及分别施加2,4,6,8,10 N·m的弯矩模拟椎体进行前屈、后伸、左右侧弯、左右旋转。
结果与结论:不同工况加载下的椎体轴向位移及偏转角度有明显差异,均方根误差分析显示,灰度值赋值法相比于其他两种方法更接近于真实实验数据,不会在材料赋值交界处产生明显的应力阶跃现象,以及不会产生明显的应力集中现象,更符合椎体的力学性质,从而可以更准确地进行脊柱生物力学分析。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1663-537X (关天民) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料口腔生物材料纳米材料缓释材料材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 材料属性, 生物力学, 灰度值, 弹性模量, 腰椎, CT数据, 逆向工程

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Human bones are characterized by strong nonlinearity and uneven bone distribution. Different elastic modulus assignments lead to great differences in static results. 
OBJECTIVE: To analyze differences of the three material attribute assigning methods in the numerical simulation analysis of vertebral body.
METHODS: Based on the principle of reverse engineering, lumbar L4, L5 and intervertebral disc models were established through image segmentation, and three material attributes were assigned to the vertebral body models: (1) Gray value assignment: Gradient value was assigned by using gray value through Mimics. (2) Homogeneous and gray value mixed assignment: A single elastic modulus was given to the anterior cortical bone of the vertebral body, and gray values were used to give to the cancellous bone of the front end and the pedicle, transverse process and spinous process of the posterior end. (3) Cortical bone and cancellous bone assignment: Two elastic moduli of cortical bone and cancellous bone were used. The finite element model under the three assignment methods was loaded with an axial load of 100-500 N. The bending moments of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 N·m were applied to simulate the vertebral body to perform forward flexion, backward extension, left and right lateral bending and left and right rotation.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Vertebral body under different loading conditions had obvious differences in axial displacement and deflection angle. Root mean square error analysis showed that compared with the other two methods, data obtained by grey value assignment method were more close to the real experimental data. It did not produce obvious stress step phenomenon in material assignment junction, and could not produce obvious stress concentration phenomenon, was more in line with the mechanical properties of vertebral body. Thus, more accurate statics analysis of the spine can be carried out.

Key words: material properties, biomechanics, grey value, elastic modulus, lumbar vertebra, CT data, reverse engineering

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