中国组织工程研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (27): 4397-4402.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.27.023

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

股骨头坏死发病机制研究的最新进展

马剑雄,何伟伟,赵 杰,马信龙   

  1. 天津市天津医院骨科研究所,天津市   300211
  • 出版日期:2017-09-28 发布日期:2017-10-24
  • 通讯作者: 马信龙,硕士,教授,天津市天津医院骨科研究所,天津市 300211
  • 作者简介:马剑雄,男,1980年生,甘肃省兰州市人,回族,2015年天津大学毕业,博士,副研究员,主要从事生物力学研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0105805);国家自然科学基金(81673994);国家自然科学基金(81571723);天津市卫生局科技攻关项目(2014KY31)

     

The latest research on the pathogenesis of osteonecrosis of the femoral head  

Ma Jian-xiong, He Wei-wei, Zhao Jie, Ma Xin-long   

  1. Orthopedic Institute of Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
  • Online:2017-09-28 Published:2017-10-24
  • Contact: Ma Xin-long, Master, Professor, Orthopedic Institute of Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
  • About author:Ma Jian-xiong, M.D., Associate researcher, Orthopedic Institute of Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
  • Supported by:

    the State Key Research Development Program, No. 2016YFC0105805; the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81673994 and 81571723; the Key Technologies Research and Development Program, No. 2014KY31

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 
 
 
文题释义:
特发性股骨头坏死:又称为缺血性股骨头坏死,是一种常见病,股骨头坏死的病因多种多样,但其共同的病理机制是骨组织缺血,所以关于发病机制、血供受阻理论最易被人接受。这种理论认为,由于各种骨内、外致病因素引起骨组织营养血流减少、骨内血管网受压或流出静脉阻塞,造成局部血供障碍,严重者可引起骨组织缺血性坏死。病初可仅表现为单一主要血管受损,随着病情的发展,如残余循环血量不足以维持受损部位骨细胞正常供血需要时,骨髓组织将首先受损,随后出现骨细胞坏死。
基因多态性(polymorphism):是指在一个生物群体中,同时和经常存在两种或多种不连续的变异型或基因型或等位基因,亦称遗传多态性或基因多态性。人类基因多态性既来源于基因组中重复序列拷贝数的不同,也来源于单拷贝序列的变异,以及双等位基因的转换或替换。
 
摘要
背景:关于股骨头坏死的发病机制国内外学者提出了各种学说:血运障碍、脂质代谢紊乱、骨内压增高、骨细胞凋亡、基因多态性、免疫因素等,但其具体发病机制仍不明确。
目的:就股骨头坏死的发病机制研究进展作一综述,以期为研究股骨头坏死的学者提供线索。
方法:以“femoral head necrosis,osteonecrosis of femoral head,pathogenesis,mechanism ”检索词在Pubmed、Embase、Medline等数据库检索1985至2017年的文献;以“股骨头坏死”、“发病机制”为检索词检索中国知网、万方及维普1985至2017年的文献,最终纳入39篇文献进行回顾性分析。
结果与结论:股骨头坏死是多种因素共同作用导致的复杂疾病,生物力学因素在其发生发展过程中发挥重要作用。股骨头内部力学性能的减退或者各种危险因素导致的外界应力与股骨头内部结构不协调,引起内部骨小梁的微骨折,应力集中,反复破坏与修复,当破坏速度超过修复速度,股骨头最终发生塌陷。大部分股骨头坏死病例均为散发病例,但也有研究报道家族中多名成员患有特发性股骨头坏死,呈家族聚集性,股骨头坏死可能和遗传因素有关联。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0001-6346-6316(马剑雄)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 骨植入物, 股骨头坏死, 生物力学, 血运, 骨细胞凋亡, 基因多态性, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Theories concerning the pathogenesis of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) are various, such as blood supply dysfunction, lipid metabolism disorder, increased intraosseous pressure, osteocyte apoptosis, gene polymorphism and immunity, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

OBJECTIVE: To review the pathogenesis of ONFH, thus providing clues for the study on ONFH.
METHODS: Search strategy “femoral head necrosis OR osteonecrosis of femoral head AND pathogenesis OR mechanism” was used to search articles published between 1985 to 2017 in PubMed, Embase, and Medline databases. Meanwhile, CNKI, WanFang and VIP databases were searched with Chinese keywords of “femoral head necrosis, pathogenesis” from 1985 to 2017. Finally, 39 articles were included for retrospective analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: ONFH is a complex disease caused by a variety of factors, among which, biomechanics plays an important role in its occurrence and development. The internal mechanic strength of the femoral head is reduced or the imbalance between external stress and inner structures of femoral head caused by various risk factors leads to micro-fractures of the trabeculae, stress concentration and repeated destruction and repair. When the destruction rate exceeds the repair speed, the femoral heads eventually collapse. Most of ONFH cases are sporadic, but its familial aggregation has been reported; therefore, it may be related with genetic factor. 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Femur Head Necrosis, Biomechanics, Genes, Tissue Engineering

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