Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (17): 2731-2738.doi: 10.12307/2024.242

Previous Articles     Next Articles

Application of cell derivative in periodontal regeneration

Liang Chao1, 2, Liao Li1, 2, Tian Weidong1, 2, 3   

  1. 1National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China; 2National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China; 3Department of Trauma Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2023-02-14 Accepted:2023-03-25 Online:2024-06-18 Published:2023-12-16
  • Contact: Liao Li, MD, Researcher, National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China Tian Weidong, MD, Professor, National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China; Department of Trauma Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Liang Chao, Master candidate, National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Program of China No. 2022YFA1104400 (to TWD); National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Program), No. 82071092 (to LL); Key Research and Development Program of Sichuan Province, No. 2019YFS0311 (to LL)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Cell derivative is cell-derived bioactive components, including decellularized extracellular matrix, exosome, apoptotic extracellular vesicle, and conditioned medium, has the effects on immune regulation, promoting angiogenesis, bone regeneration, ligament remodeling, and is capable of promoting stem cell chemotherapy, migration, proliferation, and adhesion. Its excellent characteristics make it a promising biomaterial for application and clinical translation in the field of periodontal tissue engineering. 
OBJECTIVE: To review the characteristics of cell derivatives (decellularized extracellular matrix, exosome, apoptotic extracellular vesicle, and conditioned medium) and its effect and the latest progress in the field of regenerative restoration of periodontal complex tissue structures.
METHODS: We searched the articles on CNKI and PubMed databases with the search terms “regeneration, periodontal tissue, tissue engineering, decellularized matrix, exosome, apoptotic extracellular vesicle, condition medium” in Chinese and English, respectively. Finally, 76 articles were included for analysis and discussion.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Among those four cell derivatives, the decellularized extracellular matrix has the best mechanical properties and fibrous structure, serving as a biomimetic scaffold to provide physiochemical signals and participate in mechanical signaling in periodontal tissue engineering, providing supporting effect suitable for periodontal regeneration. Recently, the development of soluble decellularized extracellular matrix bioinks has enabled the fabrication of regenerative scaffolds for personalized periodontal defects. (2) Exosomes are the simplest cell derivatives that have immunomodulatory capacity, promoting cell migration and differentiation. As a carrier, they can be used to carry target molecules to regulate periodontal regeneration, promote ligament remodeling and bone regeneration, and are suitable for periodontal tissue engineering. (3) Apoptotic vesicles generated from apoptotic cells have a strong immunomodulatory effect and can recruit stem cells and macrophages, which determine the fate of stem cells through signal transduction and can enhance immunomodulation to promote periodontal regeneration. Engineered extracellular vesicle is considered to have the potential to initiate targeted internal immunomodulation. (4) The extraction of conditioned medium is simple and completely noninvasive, which provides essential nutrients and growth factors for tissue regeneration. These components are crucial for successful periodontal regeneration. Therefore, the conditioned medium is especially suitable for studying the interactions between cells in vitro and has an important role in high-throughput detection in the future.  

Key words: periodontal regeneration, extracellular matrix, exosome, apoptotic extracellular vesicle, decellularized tissue, soluble extracellular matrix, periodontal tissue

CLC Number: