Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (15): 2453-2460.doi: 10.12307/2023.614

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Role of exosomes and miRNAs in the mechanism, diagnosis and treatment of premature ovarian insufficiency

Li Ran1, Jia Hongling2, Zhang Chunxiao2, Zhao Ruoxi3, Dong Jingwen1, Cheng Yixin1, Cui Wenzhe1, Zhang Jing4   

  1. 1College of Acupuncture and Massage, 3College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China; 2Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250001, Shandong Province, China; 4Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2022-07-04 Accepted:2022-08-09 Online:2023-05-28 Published:2022-10-18
  • Contact: Zhang Jing, MD, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Li Ran, Master candidate, College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, No. ZR2020KH027 (to ZJ); Shandong Provincial Key Research & Development Program, No. 2018GSF119025 (to ZJ); 2017 Shandong Provincial Postgraduate Education Quality Course Construction Project, No. SDYKC17067 (to ZJ)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Premature ovarian insufficiency is one of the important causes affecting female reproductive health in clinical practice. In recent years, with the development of regenerative medicine, many scholars believe that mesenchymal stem cells improve ovarian mesenchymal microenvironment and promote ovarian tissue repair by secreting related cytokines (such as exosomes and miRNA) through paracrine pathway.  
OBJECTIVE: To summarize and analyze the research progress of exosomes and miRNA in the treatment of premature ovarian insufficiency, explore the related mechanism, and provide theoretical basis for further research and clinical diagnosis and treatment of exosomes and miRNA in the treatment of early-onset ovarian insufficiency.
METHODS: The articles from the establishment of the database to June 2022 were searched in CNKI database and PubMed database. The Chinese search words were “exosomes, miRNA, premature ovarian insufficiency, premature ovarian failure”, and the English search words were “exosome, miRNA, ovary, premature ovarian failure, premature ovarian insufficiency”. Articles whose purposes were irrelevant to the review and repeated were excluded. The retrieved articles on mechanism and diagnosis and treatment were sorted out. A total of 63 articles were included for analysis.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) All kinds of exosomes and miRNAs have good therapeutic effects on cells and animal models of premature ovarian insufficiency, and the specific mechanisms include promoting proliferation, affecting apoptosis, secretion of hormones, oxidative stress and inflammatory response. (2) A large number of preclinical experiments have provided theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment, but clinical trials are still in their infancy, and their safety and efficacy need to be further confirmed. Exosomes play an important role in the process of acupuncture therapy. Exosomes are used as a breakthrough point to intervene the mechanism of targeted acupuncture therapy, so as to further improve the therapeutic effect of acupuncture. (3) From the summary, we can see that the therapeutic effect of exosomes and miRNA on premature ovarian insufficiency is not only limited to a certain aspect, but also achieves good therapeutic effect through the synergistic interaction of multiple pathways and multiple targets.

Key words: premature ovarian insufficiency, premature ovarian failure, exosome, microRNA, mechanism, diagnosis and treatment, role

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