Can pravastatin reduce the risk of early stage of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head?

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0548

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Lipid metabolism and coagulation disorders as well as cell apoptosis have been shown to be closely related to the pathogenesis of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head (SANFH). Meanwhile, pravastatin has been reported partially to exhibit the effects of lipid-lowering, anticoagulation and interfering the osteocyte apoptosis.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether pravastatin can reduce the incidence of the early stage of SANFH in rabbits, and whether it can be used as an effective target for early intervention of SIFHN.
METHODS: Sixty male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: model group (n=24, early stage of SANFH), intervention group (n=24, early stage of SANFH treated with pravastatin) and control group (n=12, treated with same volume of normal saline). The rabbit model of early stage of SANFH was established by injection of hormone combined with horse serum. All the rabbits were examined for serum lipids and coagulation indicators and underwent MRI examination at 2, 4 and 6 weeks after modeling. The rabbits were sacrificed for histopathological observation under light microscope. The ratio of empty lacuna was calculated, apoptosis of osteocytes was determined by TUNEL assay, and apoptotic index was calculated.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the model group, the necrotic degree in the intervention group was similar in the gross specimens and MRI performance, and there was no significant difference. The levels of cholesterol, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group at 2 and 4 weeks after modeling (P < 0.05). There was insignificant difference in all above levels between intervention and control groups at 6 weeks after modeling (P > 0.05), but the levels in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the model group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the prothrombin time, and tissue plasminogen activator levels among groups at different time points after modeling (P > 0.05). Histopathological results revealed that the number of adipocytes and empty lacuna in the bone marrow cavity of the intervention group was less than that in the model group, and the sparse degree of trabecular bone was relatively mild. The ratio of empty lacuna in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group at 2 and 4 weeks after modeling (P < 0.05). The ratio of empty lacuna in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the model group at 6 weeks after modeling (P < 0.05), but had no significant difference from that in the control group (P > 0.05). The apoptotic index in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group at different time points after modeling (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between intervention and model groups (P > 0.05). To conclude, pravastatin cannot reduce the risk of early SANFH, and cannot be used as an effective target for early intervention of SANFH.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程

Key words: Femoral Head Necrosis, Glucocorticoids, Apoptosis, Models, Animal, Tissue Engineering

CLC Number:

R318

Wang Xiao-long1, Han Chao-qian1, Zhao Xiao-na2, Zhao Jian-min3, Liu Yu3. Can pravastatin reduce the risk of early stage of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head?[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2018, 22(32): 5097-5103.

Figures/Tables 2

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