Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (4): 638-643.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0103
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Yang Yuan-chao1, Wang Ying2, Fang Zhi-yuan2, Liu Xue-wei2, Sheng Tong2, Wang Xin-xiang2
Received:
2017-09-19
Online:
2018-02-08
Published:
2018-02-08
Contact:
Wang Xin-xiang, M.D., Dongfang Hospital Affliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
About author:
Yang Yuan-chao, Studying for master’s degree, School of Basic Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
Supported by:
the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30873290
CLC Number:
Yang Yuan-chao1, Wang Ying2, Fang Zhi-yuan2, Liu Xue-wei2, Sheng Tong2, Wang Xin-xiang2. Herbs protect against osteoporosis through anti-inflammation action[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2018, 22(4): 638-643.
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2.1 石斛 兰科植物石斛(Dendrobium moniliforme,DM),在中医领域应用广泛,具有益胃生津、滋阴清热的功效,常用于治疗热病伤津、口干烦渴、食少干呕、病后虚热不退、目暗不明等。石斛含石斛碱、石斛胺、石斛次碱、石斛星碱、石斛因碱、6-羟石斛星碱等成分。石斛及其有效成分已报告有多种药理作用,包括抗氧化、抗炎、抗血小板聚集、抗免疫调节和抗肿瘤作用[38]。Baek等[39]最近报道了其抗骨质疏松作用与机制。 动物实验采用腹腔注射脂多糖诱导骨质疏松症小鼠模型,通过计算机显微断层扫描(μ-CT)和病理组织切片对小鼠股骨远端海绵骨构造进行分析。计算机显微断层扫描结果显示,与对照组相比,模型组小鼠股骨远端的骨体积分数和骨小梁数量的显著下降,骨小梁间距的显著增加;石斛水提物显著地抑制了骨体积分数和骨小梁数量的下降,保持了骨小梁间距。病理切片的组织学分析显示,石斛水提物有效保持了骨小梁构造,并抑制了骨组织中抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶阳性破骨细胞的数量。小鼠骨髓巨噬细胞培养中,各组加入巨噬细胞集落刺激因子和RANKL以及不同质量浓度(分别为0,10,25,50 ng/mL)的石斛(DM),4 d后进行抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶染色(见图1)[39],石斛浓度越高,抑制作用越强。上述结果表明,石斛有可能作为一个新的防治骨质疏松的天然药物。"
在石斛抗骨质疏松的作用机制方面,发现石斛的水提物能够显著抑制破骨细胞分化因子RANKL诱导的破骨细胞的形成。这与石斛不影响其他RANKL依赖的信号转导通路,直接下调破骨细胞形成相关的核转录因子c-Fos和活化T细胞核转录因子胞质1(nuclear factor of activated T cells c1,NFATc1)mRNA及蛋白的表达有关,从而抑制破骨细胞数量,以及抑制破骨细胞特异性标志物形成,如组织蛋白酶K、整合素β3、树突状细胞特异性跨膜蛋白(DC-STAMP)和破骨细胞质子泵亚单位(Atp6v0d2)。在破骨细胞成熟后期,石斛通过影响丝状肌动蛋白(F-actin)整合,从而影响成熟破骨细胞的骨吸收活性。 2.2 马齿苋 马齿苋(Purslane,学名Portulacaoleracea L.)为是一年生草本植物,广泛分布在世界各地,是一种非常受欢迎的野菜,也为药食两用植物。中医认为其具有清热解毒、凉血止血、止痢等功效,主治热毒血痢、湿疹、蛇虫咬伤、便血、痔血等。现代研究发现马齿苋的营养品质高于许多栽培蔬菜,它富含β胡萝卜素、维生素C、α亚麻酸等[40],有广泛的药理作用,比如抗炎、抗氧化、抗衰老、止痛和创口愈合等作用[41-42]。Kim等[43]最近报道了其抗骨质疏松作用与机制。 马齿苋抗骨质疏松症作用的动物实验采用腹腔注射脂多糖诱导骨质疏松症小鼠模型,通过计算机显微断层扫描和病理组织切片对小鼠股骨远端海绵骨构造进行分析。计算机显微断层扫描结果显示(见图2,分别为各组冠状面和横断面的2D、3D图片),与模型组相比,"
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