Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (8): 1207-1211.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.3048

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High fat and high sugar diet combined with streptozotocin to establish a rat model of type 2 diabetic osteoporosis

Tang Hui1, Yao Zhihao1, Luo Daowen1, Peng Shuanglin2, Yang Shuanglin2, Wang Lang2, Xiao Jingang1, 2, 3   

  1. 1School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China; 2Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China; 3Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2020-06-03 Revised:2020-06-05 Accepted:2020-07-09 Online:2021-03-18 Published:2020-12-11
  • Contact: Xiao Jingang, MD, Professor, School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China; Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Tang Hui, Master candidate, School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81870746 and 81371125

Abstract: BACKGROUND: A high-fat and high-sugar diet to induce a diabetic osteoporosis model is time-consuming, with high cost and poor model stability. Induction by streptozotocin is one of the most common methods to establish an animal model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. At present, there are few reports on the identification of this disease model.
OBJECTIVE: To establish a rat model of type 2 diabetic osteoporosis rat models, and to identify the animal model established.
METHODS: Thirty-two male 7-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were selected and randomly divided into a normal control group (n=16) and a model group (n=16) according to their body mass using a random number table method. The model group was fed with high-fat and high-sugar diet for 4 weeks, and a small dose of streptozotocin was intraperitoneally injected at 35 mg/kg to induce a type 2 diabetic osteoporosis model; the normal control group was fed with normal maintenance feed for 4 weeks, and an equal dose of 10 mL/kg citric acid-sodium citrate buffer was intraperitoneally injected. Two groups of rats were studied from the aspects of morphology, histology and imaging. An approval was obtained from the Animal Experimental Ethics Committee of Southwest Medical University. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There were 16 rats in the model group, 12 rats were modeled, and the modeling rate was 75%. Compared with the normal control group, in the model group, the body mass of rats showed a gradual downward trend and a slightly upward trend after the injection of streptozotocin. These rats presented symptoms of diabetes, such as polydipsia, polyuria and polyphagia. Fasting blood glucose level increased significantly (P < 0.05), and showed a continuous state. The histological section showed that the trabecular bone was sparsely distributed. Imaging results showed that the bone volume fraction and the number of trabeculae in rats were significantly reduced, and the separation of trabecular bone was significantly increased, indicating a significant osteoporosis. To conclude, the 7-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats which are fed with high-sugar and high-fat diet for 4 weeks can be given low-dose streptozotocin (35 mg/kg) to successfully establish the animal model of type 2 diabetic osteoporosis. From the aspects of morphology, histology, imaging, the successful establishment of diabetic osteoporosis model can be determined.

Key words: bone, osteoporosis, diabetes, streptozotocin, Micro-CT, model, rat

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