Repair of articular cartilage defects with polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan porous hydrogel combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.18.016

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: By mixing technology, various materials are mixed and complemented each other to enhance heat sensitivity, mechanical properties, viscoelasticity of the materials and improve their biocompatibility, biodegradability and other biomedical properties.

OBJECTIVE: To prepare polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/chitosan (CS) porous hydrogel and to observe its effects on the repair of articular cartilage defects.

METHODS: PVA, CS and polysorbate-80 were used as raw materials to prepare the hydrogels at the PVA/CS ratio of 5:5, 6:4, 7:3, 8:2 and 9:1 by freezing-thawing cycle and emulsification-frost-ice phase separation, and the physical and chemical properties, mechanical properties, and biocompatibility of the hydrogels were detected to find out the best PVA/CS ratio. Eighteen New Zealand rabbits were enrolled to make models of bilateral articular cartilage defects, and then randomized into three groups: blank control group; control group; experimental group. The prepared hydrogel was compounded with rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and then implanted into the rabbit articular cartilage defect in the experimental group, the PVA/CS hydrogel was implanted in the control group, and nothing was implanted in the blank control group. After 12 weeks, the animals were killed and the repairing effect was observed by gross observation and histological examination.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The PVA/CS porous composite hydrogel was successfully prepared, and PVA:CS=6:4 was the best in the presence of good mechanical properties, stable physical and chemical properties, and water content ≥ 90%. In additional, scanning electron microscopy showed a porous network structure, with the porosity ≥ 90%. The results of cell counting kit-8 assay and the results of cell death and survival showed that the hydrogel was non-cytotoxic and beneficial to the cell proliferation. In the blank control group, knee articular cartilage defects were not repaired within 12 weeks after surgery, showing significant granulation tissue filling. In the control group, knee articular cartilage defects were full of cartilage-like tissues with no smooth surface, but there were a great amount of chondrocyte-like cells. In the experimental group, knee articular cartilage defects were well repaired and full of a great amount of chondrocytes with the smooth surface. To conclude, the PVA/CS porous composite hydrogel could repair articular cartilage defects as an ideal tissue-engineered cartilage material.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程

Key words: Chitosan, Hydrogel, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering

CLC Number:

R318

Zhou Yong, Jia Zhao-feng, Liu Wei, Zhu Wei-min, Cui Jia-ming, He Yong, Chen Jie-lin, Wang Da-ming, Peng Liang-quan, Wang Da-ping .

Repair of articular cartilage defects with polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan porous hydrogel combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2017, 21(18): 2881-2889.

Figures/Tables 12

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