Changes of phosphoinositide 3-kinase-protein kinase B signaling pathway in skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetes rat models after 8-week aerobic exercise

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1310

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Abnormal phosphoinositide 3-kinase and protein kinase B occurs in insulin signaling transduction of type 2 diabetes, and improvement in insulin sensitivity post-exercise has been shown to be related to the increased protein expression and activity in insulin signaling transduction.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of 8-week aerobic exercise on the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-protein kinase B signaling pathway in type 2 diabetic skeletal muscle of middle-aged rat models.
METHODS: Seventy-five 10 month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were provided by Chengdu Dashuo Experimental Animal Co., Ltd., and the study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Shenyang Sport University, approval number: 2015006. The rats were randomized into five groups: normal control group (common diet), diabetes control 1 group (8-week high fat diet prior to injection of 35 mg/kg streptozotocin; continue to give high fat feed to 16 weeks), diabetes exercise 1 group (8-week high fat diet prior to injection of 35 mg/kg streptozotocin+ aerobic exercise; continue to give high fat feed to 16 weeks), diabetes control 2 group (16-week high fat diet prior to injection of 35 mg/kg streptozotocin), and diabetes exercise 1 group (16-week high fat diet prior to injection of 35 mg/kg streptozotocin+ aerobic exercise). The aerobic exercise was undergone at the 9th week. The blood lipid, blood glucose, insulin and gastrocnemius phosphoinositide 3-kinase-protein kinase B expression levels were tested after 8 weeks of exercise.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Both high-fat and high-fat diets at 8 and 16 weeks combined with low-dose streptozotocin could induce the decrease of phosphoinositide 3-kinase and protein kinase B protein expression in the rat skeletal muscle, and impaired phosphoinositide 3-kinase-protein kinase B signal transduction caused lipid and glucose metabolism disorders, decreased insulin sensitivity, and induced type 2 diabetes. (2) Compared with the diabetes control groups, the body mass in the aerobic exercise groups was on a rise, fat mass and body fat rate were on a descent, triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, free fatty acid and low density lipoprotein were significantly decreased, fasting blood-glucose and fasting insulin levels were significantly decreased, and activities of phosphoinositide 3-kinase and protein kinase B were significantly increased. (3) These results indicate that exercise intervention before and after inducing diabetes can reverse/enhance the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-protein kinase B phosphorylation level in skeletal muscle, increase insulin sensitivity, improve lipid metabolism and disorder of glucose metabolism, and ultimately effectively improve and prevent the occurrence and development of type 2 diabetes.

Key words: rats, high fat and sugar diet, streptozotocin, type 2 diabetes, exercise intervention, insulin resistance, akeletal muscle, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, protein kinase B

CLC Number:

R496

Zhao Dalin1, Li Jing1, Ma Tie1, Gao Haining1, Liu Haopeng1, Zhang Shicheng1, Xu Sitong1, Xiao Jiayu1, Li Yiran1, Yan Shengnan1, Chang Bo1, 2. Changes of phosphoinositide 3-kinase-protein kinase B signaling pathway in skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetes rat models after 8-week aerobic exercise[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2019, 23(23): 3660-3666.

Figures/Tables 6

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