Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (14): 2190-2194.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0748

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Preparation and physicochemical characterization of levofloxacin-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles

Peng Xu-feng1, 2, Luo Wen-qiang1, 2, Zhang Xin-ru1, 2, Wang Ji-hong1, 2   

  1. 1Department of Urology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2Shanghai Eastern Institute for Urologic Repair and Reconstruction, Shanghai 200233, China
  • Received:2017-12-09 Online:2018-05-18 Published:2018-05-18
  • Contact: Wang Ji-hong, M.D., Department of Urology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, China
  • About author:Peng Xu-feng, Master candidate, Department of Urology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, China

Abstract:

 BACKGROUND: Conventional formulation of levofloxacin is rapidly and completely metabolized after administration. Fortunately, nanoparticle provides a new way to solve this problem.

OBJECTIVE: To prepare a levofloxacin-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticle that can reduce administration frequency, maintain a stable and effective plasma concentration, and also can be combined with tissue-engineered scaffold materials.
METHODS: Levofloxacin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles were prepared by emulsion solvent evaporation method. Twenty-four rabbits were taken to investigate the effect of nanoparticle formulation on the pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin and randomized into three groups (n=8 per group): general formulation group received an injection of levofloxacin (20 mg/kg) via ear vein; non-loaded nanoparticle group received an injection of blank nanoparticles; and levofloxaxin-loaded nanoparticle group received an injection of the corresponding levofloxacin-loaded nanoparticles. At different times, blood samples were collected to analyze the drug concentration of levofloxaxin. The antimicrobial activity of the levofloxacin-loaded nanoparticle was evaluated based on the rabbit model of Escherichia coli-induced urinary tract infection. Forty-five New Zealand white rabbits were used to establish urinary tract infection models and randomly divided into three groups (n=15 per group). In negative control group, rabbits received only an injection of normal saline via ear vein. In conventional formulation group, rabbits received an injection of levofloxacin (20 mg/kg). In nanoparticle group, rabbits received an injection of the corresponding levofloxacin nanoparticles. Subsequently, blood samples were obtained, and white blood cell (WBC) count and neutrophil percentage was tested; at the same time, the middle segment morning urine was collected to detect bacteriuria and urine WBC positive rates. At 9 days, the histopathologic analysis of the bladder mucosa was done.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) In vivo the pharmacokinetics: Compared with the conventional formulation group, the ideal levofloxacin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles prepared under optimal conditions significantly reduced the fluctuations in plasma concentration and frequency of administration. (2) Antimicrobial activity: Escherichia coli-induced urinary tract infection was gradually in control in the conventional formulation group and levofloxacin-loaded PLGA nanoparticle group, and basically cured at 9 days after injection. In addition, the number of cured patients was basically higher in the levofloxacin-loaded PLGA nanoparticle group than the conventional formulation group at the same time point, but there was a significant difference between the two groups only at 5 days after treatment. It can be concluded that levofloxacin-PLGA nanoparticles provide a well-sustained delivery system for treatment or prevention of urinary tract infections and provide a foundation for further investigations on tissue-engineered urethral reconstruction.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程

Key words: Tissue Engineering, Ofloxacin, Microspheres

CLC Number: