Biomechanical analysis of human balance and buffer capacity of ankle joint when dropping from height after taping

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0291

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Preliminary studies have indicated that ankle taping can increase the ankle stability, and protect ankle joint from sprain. Thereafter, wearing ankle brace or ankle taping has been widely used in sports training, competition and fitness activities of athletes and the general public. However, few documents can be used to investigate whether any other adverse events may occur when the ankle joint taping is used in the prevention of exercise-induced injury in views of sports and kinetics.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of ankle taping on the balance ability and buffer capacity of high impact in the healthy youth and the underlying mechanisms, so as to set up a correct concept for athletes or general sporting people how to use the taping, and provide reference for avoiding sport-induced injuries and enhancing sports performance.

METHODS: Twenty-one healthy subjects were recruited. The static balance and dynamic balance at high altitude, ground reaction force and load rate of lower extremities before and after placement were evaluated by high-speed photography and three-dimensional force measuring plate. The method of repeated measurement of variance was used to deal with the related indexes.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Taping played no effects on the high touchdown moment for ankle plantar flexion movement angle and foot angle, but taping could effectively limit the foot posterior maximum valgus angle and the foot heel angle of the center of gravity speed dropped to zero. (2) Taping could significantly reduce the buffer period, the first and second stages of ankle joint angular displacement and angular displacement of foot heel movements, prolong buffer time, shorten the first stage of the overall percentage of buffer time. (3) Taping significantly affected the shutting standing performance on one foot, increasing the pressure center swing amplitude, but had no influence on the balance state from height dropping. (4) After taping when posture sway, the time to peak ground reaction force in vertical direction was significantly shortened, the impact force peak in vertical direction was on a decline, but the impact load rate significantly increased. (5) These results indicate that ankle taping will change the sway pattern, effectively limit the maximum valgus angle, reduce angular displacement of foot and ankle joint, and enhance the stability of ankle joint when dropping from height. The mechanisms underlying taping effects on the dynamic and static balance abilities need to be studied further, but taping significantly shortens the time to peak ground reaction force, thereby increasing the force loading rate, which may increase the risk of lower extremity injury.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节；骨植入物；脊柱；骨折；内固定；数字化骨科；组织工程

Key words: Ankle Joints, Biomechanics, Tissue Engineering

CLC Number:

R318

Shi Yu, Liao Yong-hua, Luo Jiong. Biomechanical analysis of human balance and buffer capacity of ankle joint when dropping from height after taping[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2018, 22(19): 3014-3020.

Figures/Tables 2

2.1 参与者试验流程按意向性处理，纳入21名健康受试者，全部进入结果分析，无脱落。试验流程图见图4。 2.2 赤脚与贴扎平衡测试压力中心特征分析表1显示：①静态状况下，闭眼单脚站立时，压力中心的前后及内外侧方向的摆荡范围，赤脚与贴扎差异均有显著性意义(P < 0.05)，表现为贴扎后姿势摆荡均比赤脚明显加大的趋势；②动态状况下，从45 cm高台着地时，压力中心前后及内外侧方向的摆荡范围，赤脚与贴扎差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。 2.3 贴扎前后高处着地运动学特征分析着地过程中首先接触地面的部位为趾尖部分，接着是跖趾关节着地与脚跟着地，在脚尖着地到脚跟着地这段期间，踝关节是呈现跖屈的状态，足后则是呈现内翻的状态。当脚跟着地后3-5幅画，足后距跟关节会达到最大的外翻角度。故从脚尖着地到足后距跟关节达到最大外翻角瞬刻称之为缓冲第一阶段，该阶段主要是足弓及踝关节以及这两个部位相关的肌群进行缓冲的工作。足后距跟关节达到最大外翻角度后，踝关节会继续往背屈方向进行位移，这是由于身体重心往前而造成脚跟会再次离开地面。脚跟离地后不久，就会到达最大的背屈角度，为了配合膝关节继续弯曲，脚掌肢段的重心点位置会向斜上方移动，脚跟的部位会继续抬高，因此踝关节的角度会往跖屈方向进行些许位移。接着为了配合身体向斜下方移动，受试者在向下重心速度到达零之前，踝关节会再次往背屈方向进行移动，脚掌肢段的重心点位置也会向斜后方移动，使跟骨部位会再次接触地面，以利于接下来上升期间膝关节力量的传递，此时重心速度会趋近于零。故从足后距跟关节达到最大外翻角瞬刻至重心速度趋于零瞬刻称之为缓冲第二阶段，该阶段主要由足弓、踝关节与膝关节以及这3个部位相关的肌群进行缓冲工作。表2显示：①在第一阶段中，除了脚尖着地瞬刻踝角及脚尖着地瞬刻足后角，赤脚与贴扎差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)；而在余下所有测量指标差异均存在显著性意义，表现为赤脚着地踝关节角位移、赤脚着地足后角位移、足后往外翻角度及第一阶段占整体缓冲比例均显著大于贴扎着地(P < 0.05)，赤脚着地在足后外翻最大瞬刻踝角均显著小于贴扎着地(P < 0.05)；②第二阶段中，踝关节角位移、足后角位移、重心速度为零时足后角度3项指标中，赤脚着地显著大于贴扎着地(P < 0.05)，而第二阶段动作时间占整体缓时间百分比及重心速度为0时刻踝角则表现赤脚着地显著小于贴扎着地(P < 0.05)；③从整体缓冲期看，赤脚着地踝关节角位移显著小于贴扎着地(P < 0.05)，赤脚着地整体缓冲时间显著小于贴扎着地(P < 0.05)。"

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