Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (34): 5558-5564.doi: 10.12307/2024.829

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Role of autophagy in orthodontic tooth movement

Wang Tianqi1, Liao Chengcheng1, 2, 3, Liu Jianguo1, 2, Chen Lulu1, Zhao Piao1, Xiao Linlin1, 2, Guan Xiaoyan1, 2   

  1. 1Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China; 2Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research in Colleges and Universities, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China; 3West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2023-12-15 Accepted:2024-01-18 Online:2024-12-08 Published:2024-03-15
  • Contact: Guan Xiaoyan, Chief physician, Professor, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research in Colleges and Universities, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Wang Tianqi, Master candidate, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Scientific Research Project for Higher Education Institutions, Guizhou Provincial Department of Education, No. (2022)238 (to XLL); Zunyi Science and Technology Program, No. (2022)423 (to GXY)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The application of orthodontic force triggers autophagy in the periodontal tissue via diverse signaling pathways, augmenting or attenuating the activity of relevant cell types such as periodontal ligament cells, osteocytes, osteoclasts, and osteoblasts, thus facilitating the process of periodontal remodeling.
OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress in orthodontic force mediated autophagy in periodontal tissue and its impact on orthodontic tooth movement.
METHODS: The PubMed, Web of Science, China Biology Medicine disc and CNKI were searched for literature published from 2010 to 2023 to summarize the progress in orthodontics-related autophagy. And 76 papers were finally included in the analysis and discussion.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Orthodontic force can trigger a series of biochemical signal changes through periodontal mechanical receptors and aseptic inflammation they cause, leading to autophagy in periodontal tissue. Subsequently, autophagy generates corresponding feedback through cascaded amplified signaling pathways such as Phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B, Hippo, and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways, promoting periodontal tissue remodeling and ultimately achieving tooth movement and stability. Orthodontic force-induced autophagy can differentially regulate bone resorption on the tooth pressure side and bone formation on the tension side. Related targets have good prospects in the clinical application of orthodontic treatment. Orthodontics and autophagy have complex mechanisms. However, existing research has only focused on exploring the role of autophagy in orthodontic tooth movement. Further exploration is needed to investigate the mutual regulatory effects between autophagy and orthodontic tooth movement, as well as the interactions between upstream mechanical receptors and signaling pathways involved in related pathways.  

Key words: orthodontic tooth movement, autophagy, signaling pathway, periodontal tissue, bone remodeling, bone resorption, bone formation, mechanobiology, review

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