The power-law model-based analysis of aerobic exercise against Alzheimer’s disease in animal experiments

doi:10.12307/2023.861

Abstract

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Yin-Yang and the golden mean are the core concepts of Chinese culture, but there is a lack of a bridge connecting with modern science. The power-law model has good robustness or anti-interference ability in complex system science, suggesting that it is closely related to Yin-Yang and the golden mean.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the Yin-Yang dialectical characteristics of long-term aerobic exercise against Alzheimer’s disease based on the power-law model and to discuss the potential role of Yin-Yang theory of power-law model in the complex systems of the human body.
METHODS: Referring to the theory of Yin-Yang, the relationship rationality and the golden mean, this paper uses power law to characterize each pair of parameters, and the factors that cause the power law coefficient and index changes are referred to as Yin-Yang causes. Then, a parametric pair model of human Yin-Yang is proposed and applied to experimental animal studies of Alzheimer’s disease. The parameters of the human body constitute the parameter space, and the geometric mean of the parameter space is defined as the golden center of the parameter space.
RESULT AND CONCLUSION: Yin and Yang are subjective feelings of power-law relationship of objective parameters. Yin-Yang attribute of two subspaces exists in relation to the joint space of two subspaces. Yin-Yang secret or Yin-Yang imbalance in two subspaces correspond to the same-level power law or upgraded power law in two subspaces respectively. Animal experimental data shows that Alzheimer’s disease modeling can cause Yin-Yang imbalance, and habitual swimming before modeling can resist the changes in Yin-Yang parameters caused by Alzheimer’s disease modeling. The above results indicate that the reasonable explanation of Yin-Yang theory of power-law model by human complex system parameters can be used for Yin-Yang dialectic in data space and the power-law relationship in objective parameters can represent the Yin-Yang characteristics of subjective feelings.

Key words: Yin-Yang, golden mean, power law, complex system, parameter space, aerobic exercise, Alzheimer’s disease

CLC Number:

Tang Lu, Lin Haiqi. The power-law model-based analysis of aerobic exercise against Alzheimer’s disease in animal experiments[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2023, 27(35): 5695-5700.

Figures/Tables 1

应用上述模型分析一种起病隐匿且典型的进行性发展的神经系统退行性疾病——阿尔茨海默病。WU等[31]将2.5月龄雄性Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠分为对照组(C)、长期游泳组(S)、阿尔茨海默病造模组(AD)和长期游泳后阿尔茨海默病造模组(SA)，用5个大鼠认知行为参数和23个海马生理生化和分子生物学参数的P值统计揭示了大鼠长期游泳运动对阿尔茨海默病造模的完美抵抗作用。采用参数对幂律模型进行数据再分析。首先，28个参数两两配对可以得到378对参数，这些参数对全部满足PLQ，其中只有70对参数的幂律为高级幂律，这与参数对假设一致。值得指出的是，删除阿尔茨海默病组之后，所有参数对都满足同级幂律，说明引起幂律升级的是阿尔茨海默病组，阿尔茨海默病造模是阴阳因，阿尔茨海默病造模成功。将各个参数按照4个实验组的几何均值归一化。将参数按照从对照组到阿尔茨海默病模型组的上升和下降分为阴阳两类，分别计算4个实验组各组阴阳两类参数的时中，所得到的参数仍然满足PLQ，而且属于同级幂律，但组间QD满足显著性要求，详细数据见表1。虽然上一段发现参数对之间存在高级幂律，但此段发现阴阳时中之间满足同级幂律，这说明依靠参数之间的相互作用将满足高级幂律的参数对降级为同级幂律。所有实验参数都属于分子细胞功能，QD的显著阈值为1.221[21-23]。从表1可以看出，对照组、长期游泳组和长期游泳后阿尔茨海默病造模组的阴或阳参数两两的QD没有显著性差异，但阿尔茨海默病造模组与其他3组的QD有显著性差异，组间的变化满足拮抗关系。例如，从对照组到长期游泳组，阴参数下降，但阳参数上升。上述数据案例的再分析表明，阿尔茨海默病组造模引起阴阳2个参数显著性的变化，但造模前的长期游泳可以抵抗阿尔茨海默病造模引起的变化，说明阿尔茨海默病造模和长期游泳属于阴阳因。综上，长期游泳确实可以提高SD大鼠对阿尔茨海默病造模的抵抗力。"

References

[1] 张岱年,方立天,程宜山,等.中华的智慧[M].北京:中华书局, 2017:3-501.
[2] 童瑶.中医基础理论[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,1999:1-580.
[3] 杨学鹏,张维波,李守力.中医阴阳学说导论[M].天津:学龄出版社,2019:4-122.
[4] CYRANOSKI D. Why Chinese medicine is heading for clinics around the world. Nature. 2018;561(7724):448-450.
[5] CHAN KW, WONG VT, TANG SCW. COVID-19: An Update on the Epidemiological, Clinical, Preventive and Therapeutic Evidence and Guidelines of Integrative Chinese-Western Medicine for the Management of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease. Am J Chin Med. 2020;48(3):737-762.
[6] 斯洛特·迈克尔.阴阳的哲学[M].北京:商务出版社,2018:41-477.
[7] ZHENG BJ, HUANG D, LI DY, et al. Some scale-free networks could be robust under selective node attacks. Europhys Lett. 2011;94(2):28010.
[8] FITZGERALD G, BOTSTEIN D, CALIFF R, et al. The future of humans as model organisms. Science. 2018;361(6402):552-553.
[9] MCKINNEY SM, SIENIEK M, GODBOLE V, et al. International evaluation of an AI system for breast cancer screening. Nature. 2020; 577(7788):89-94.
[10] 贺来. “关系理性”与真实的“共同体”[J].中国社会科学,2015(6):22-44.
[11] TANG L, DING W, LIU C. Scaling Invariance of Sports Sex Gap. Front Physiol. 2020;11:606769.
[12] 张雨,刘芳.一种度量细胞网络结构的方法[J].中国组织工程研究, 2020,24(1):83-86.
[13] NEWBERRY MG, SAVAGE VM. Self-Similar Processes Follow a Power Law in Discrete Logarithmic Space. Phys Rev Lett. 2019;122(15):158303.
[14] BIGELOW J. A Discourse on Self-Limited Diseases (1835). Montana: Kessinger Publishing LLC, 1999:35-400.
[15] SCHIFF GD, GALANTER WL, DUHIG J, et al. Principles of conservative prescribing. Arch Intern Med. 2011;171(16):1433-1440.
[16] DIESENDRUCK CE, SOTTOS NR, MOORE JS, et al. Biomimetic Self-Healing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2015;54(36):10428-10447.
[17] 张启明.未病测评学原理[M].北京:中医古籍出版社,2019:165-208.
[18] MOLOTKOV SN . On the relationship between: L Boltzmann entropy, M Planck distribution, C Shannon information and the principle of particles indistinguishability. Laser Physics Letters. 2020;17(11):1115202.
[19] LIU CY, WU DF, ZHU L, et al. Microenvironment Dependent Photobiomodulation on Function-Specific Signal Transduction Pathways. Int J Photoenergy. 2014;1:1-8.
[20] BURTSCHER M. A breath of fresh air for mitochondria in exercise physiology. Acta Physiol (Oxf). 2020;229(3):e13490.
[21] 刘承宜,朱玲,李方晖,等.自相似常数与定量差异及其在体育科学中的应用[J].体育学刊,2017,24(6):72-78.
[22] SUN S, HU C, PAN J, et al. Trait Mindfulness Is Associated With the Self-Similarity of Heart Rate Variability. Front Psychol. 2019;10:314.
[23] 汪志胜,郑滔,刘承宜.我国中小学生超重、肥胖检出率变化趋势的拓扑学特征[J].体育学刊,2020,27(1):139-144.
[24] UCCELLI S, PISU V, BRUNO N. Precision in grasping: Consistent with Weber’s law, but constrained by “safety margins”. Neuropsychologia. 2021;163:108088.
[25] MARTIUS F. Das Amdt-Schulz Grandgesetz. Munch Med Wschr. 1923; 70:1005-1006.
[26] ALGOM D. The Weber-Fechner law: A misnomer that persists but that should go away. Psychol Rev. 2021;128(4):757-765.
[27] DITZ HM, NIEDER A. Numerosity representations in crows obey the Weber-Fechner law. Proc Biol Sci. 2016;283(1827):20160083.
[28] STEVENS SS. To Honor Fechner and Repeal His Law: A power function, not a log function, describes the operating characteristic of a sensory system. Science. 1961;133(3446):80-86.
[29] 刘长林.阴阳的认识论意义[J].中国社会科学院研究生院学报, 2006(5):25-32.
[30] KONANGI S, PALAKURTHI NK, GHIA U, et al. von Neumann stability analysis of first-order accurate discretization schemes for one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) fluid flow equations. Comput Math with Appl. 2018;75(2):643-665.
[31] WU C, YANG L, TUCKER D, et al. Beneficial Effects of Exercise Pretreatment in a Sporadic Alzheimer’s Rat Model. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2018;50(5):945-956.
[32] 刘力红.思考中医[M].桂林:广西师范大学出版社,2001:3-68.