Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (13): 2022-2027.doi: 10.12307/2023.255

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Comparison of finite element model establishment and validity verification of total cervical vertebrae between human and adult rhesus monkeys

Wang Xing1, 2, Li Kun1, 2, Ma Yuan2, Zhang Shaojie1, 2, Wang Chaoqun3, Gao Mingjie1, Zheng Bingwu4, Chen Jie1, Li Xiaohe1, Zhang Zhifeng5, Zheng Leigang6, Shi Jun7, Li Zhijun1, 2   

  1. 1Department of Anatomy, 7Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University; 2Digital Medical Center of Inner Mongolia Medical University; 3Department of Imaging, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University; 4Hohhot Zoo Management Office; 5Department of Arthroscopy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University; 6Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
  • Received:2022-02-07 Accepted:2022-04-18 Online:2023-05-08 Published:2022-08-12
  • Contact: Li Zhijun, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; Digital Medical Center of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China Shi Jun, Associate professor, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Wang Xing, MD, Associate professor, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; Digital Medical Center of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China Li Kun, Master, Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; Digital Medical Center of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China Wang Xing and Li Kun contributed equally to this article.
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81860383 (to LZJ); Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, No. 2020LH08021 (to LZJ); National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81860382 (to WX); the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, No. 2020MS03061 (to WX); the Young Science and Technology Talents Support Program of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Colleges and Universities, No. NJYT22009 (to WX); Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Science and Technology Plan Project, No. 2019GG158 (to WX); Key Scientific Research Project of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. YKD2021ZD011 (to WX); Medical and Health Science and Technology Plan Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Health Commission, No. 202201217 (to WX); Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, No. 2019MS08017 (to ZSJ); Youth Foundation Project of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. YKD2020QNCX055 (to LK)

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Abstract: BACKGROUND: There is a high similarity of the cervical vertebrae between rhesus monkeys and human, both in terms of the number of cervical vertebrae and the anatomical structure of cervical vertebrae, especially the uncinate joints, which are unique to the cervical vertebrae, so they can be used as an ideal animal experimental model. However, there are few reports on the mechanical comparative study between the two.  
OBJECTIVE: To establish the finite element model of adult human cervical vertebra and adult rhesus monkey cervical vertebra, to compare the characteristics of stress and displacement of the uncinate joint between human and rhesus monkey cervical vertebra under six working conditions by means of finite element analysis, and to provide theoretical basis for clinical vertebral replacement.
METHODS:  A 40-year-old adult volunteer and a 7-year-old adult male rhesus monkey were scanned by spiral CT. The original cervical vertebra CT data were introduced into Mimics 21.0 to establish a preliminary three-dimensional model. Through the optimization, assignment, assembly and other tissue grids of each segment of cervical vertebra, intervertebral disc, ligament and so on, the cervical vertebra finite element model was constructed by Abaqus, and 75 N additional load and 1 N·m external force couple moment were loaded on the model. Comparative mechanical analysis was carried out under six working conditions of flexion, extension, lateral area and rotation, in order to find the mechanical change trend and difference between them.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Both human and rhesus monkey cervical vertebrae had the unique structure of uncinate joint of cervical vertebrae. Through finite element modeling, the stress and displacement changes of the uncinate joint between them were basically consistent, and the stress and displacement concentration points were all at C5. There was a significant difference between them. (2) However, the cervical vertebra of rhesus monkey can be used as the best candidate animal for clinical cervical vertebra animal model, and provide theoretical basis for artificial cervical vertebra replacement.

Key words: cervical vertebra, uncinate joint, finite element analysis, human, adult rhesus monkey

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