Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (15): 2426-2431.doi: 10.12307/2022.602

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Effect and application of nerve growth factor in the treatment and repair of osteoarthritis

Zhang Yong1, 2, Li Feifei1, Wang Buyu1, Huang Wenliang1, Deng Jiang1   

  1. 1Central Laboratory of Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563099, Guizhou Province, China; 2Zunyi Bozhou District People’s Hospital, Zunyi 563199, Guizhou Province, China
  • Received:2021-08-30 Revised:2021-10-19 Accepted:2021-11-19 Online:2022-05-28 Published:2022-01-06
  • Contact: Deng Jiang, Professor, Chief physician, Doctoral supervisor, Central Laboratory of Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563099, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Yong, Attending physician, Central Laboratory of Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563099, Guizhou Province, China; Zunyi Bozhou District People’s Hospital, Zunyi 563199, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81660367 (to DJ); Guizhou Science and Technology Fund, No. (2016) 1420 (to DJ); Zunyi Science and Technology Joint Technology Research and Development Fund Project, No. (2018) 184 (to DJ)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The main pathological change of osteoarthritis is cartilage degeneration. The current means of treatment of osteoarthritis is very limited. With the development of interdisciplinary science in recent years, tissue engineering brings new hope for the repair and reconstruction of cartilage degeneration. Nerve growth factor plays an important role in the physiological and pathological processes of multiple systems and organs in the body. In recent years, it has been found that nerve growth factor is closely related to the occurrence and development of osteoarthritis.  
OBJECTIVE: To explore the research progress of nerve growth factor in osteoarthritis in recent years from the aspects of nerve growth factor’s effects on cartilage, subchondral bone, synovium, and pain. It was envisaged that nerve growth factor could be used as a bioactive factor or cytokine in tissue engineering to repair bone and cartilage, providing new thoughts and ideas for the treatment of osteoarthritis.
METHODS:  In PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, and WanFang databases, search terms used were “nerve growth factor, TrkA, osteoarthritis, chondrocyte, cartilage degeneration, subchondral bone, synovium, pain” in English and Chinese. Basic and clinical studies on the mechanisms of nerve growth factor in osteoarthritis were searched from January 1, 2010 to July 1, 2021.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Nerve growth factor promoted the differentiation of stem cells, maintained the phenotype of chondrocytes, and promoted the expression of chondrocytes to maintain the characteristics of cartilage. Nerve growth factor promoted osteogenic expression in a variety of ways, inducing or aggravating the occurrence and development of osteoarthritis, but some studies suggest that subchondral bone repair is beneficial to cartilage repair. Synovium promoted nerve growth factor expression and participated in the pain of osteoarthritis. Synovium also indirectly promoted the expression of cartilage degradation protein under the stimulation of inflammatory factors. Nerve growth factor is the main signal factor causing pain. The use of nerve growth factor antibody has a good and definite effect on the pain of osteoarthritis, but its use is limited by serious side effects, and the mechanism of its occurrence is explored. It may still become the most potential analgesic drugs in the future.

Key words: nerve growth factor, TrkA, osteoarthritis, cartilage degeneration, subchondral bone, joint synovium, pain, tissue engineering

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