Dermal extracellular matrix hydrogel in promoting acute skin wound healing in rats

doi:10.12307/2022.203

Abstract

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Dermal extracellular matrix (d-ECM) has been widely used in clinical wound repair, but whether dermal extracellular matrix hydrogel (d-ECMH) can improve acute skin wound healing is still a lack of relevant research.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the healing effect and mechanism of d-ECMH on acute skin wounds in rats.
METHODS: Twenty-four SD rats were divided into model group, d-ECM group and d-ECMH group by random number table method, with 8 rats in each group. Firstly, all rats established a full-thickness skin defect model, and then the model group and d-ECMH group were immediately injected with equal volumes of PBS buffer and d-ECMH on the wound respectively after the operation, and the wound surface of the d-ECM group was covered with d-ECM to observe and evaluate wound healing. All rats were sacrificed on day 14, and the skin tissues of the wounds were subjected to hematoxylin-eosin staining, Masson staining, histoimmunochemistry and fluorescence staining. The experiment was approved by Animal Ethics Committee of General Hospital of Western Theater Command.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The wound of rats in each group shrank with the prolongation of treatment time. Compared with the model group and the d-ECM group, the d-ECMH group had higher wound healing rate and wound surface skinization rate (P < 0.05), and reduced wound contracture rate (P < 0.05). (2) Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that compared with the model group and the d-ECM group, the d-ECMH group had better skin wound repair and a higher degree of re-epithelialization of the wound, forming new skin appendages (such as hair follicles), and the matrix of dermis was more uniform. (3) Masson staining results showed that compared with the model and the d-ECM groups, the collagen fibers in the skin wound tissue were significantly increased and thicker in the d-ECMH group. (4) Immunohistochemical staining showed that the number of new capillaries in the skin wound tissue of the d-ECMH group was significantly more than that of the model group and d-ECM group (P < 0.05). The contents of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 in wound tissues of the d-ECMH group were significantly lower than those in the model group and d-ECM group (P < 0.05). (5) Immunofluorescence staining showed that the number of M2 macrophages in the new wounds of the d-ECMH group was significantly higher than that of the model group and d-ECM group (P < 0.05), while the number of M1 macrophages was significantly lower than that of the model group and d-ECM group (P < 0.05). (6) The results show that d-ECMH can accelerate skin wound healing, promote wound re-epithelialization, and reduce wound contracture, which may be related to promote capillary angiogenesis and collagen fiber production, reduce inflammation and regulate the polarization of macrophages to M2 in the wound.

Key words: material, extracellular matrix, hydrogel, wound repair, macrophage polarization, skin, angiogenesis

CLC Number:

Dong Hongfei, Huang Qilin, Yang Xiong, Li Shuai, Gu Rui, Sun Hongyu, Tang Lijun. Dermal extracellular matrix hydrogel in promoting acute skin wound healing in rats[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2022, 26(10): 1555-1560.

Figures/Tables 7

References

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