中国组织工程研究 ›› 2014, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (7): 1135-1142.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.07.025

• 组织构建临床实践 clinical practice in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

江苏省3市520名高龄老人体质现状调查

张盼铖1,张建国2,杨国威3   

  1. 1无锡市第三高级中学,江苏省无锡市  214000
    2南京师范大学体育科学学院,江苏省南京市  210046
    3无锡市辅仁高级中学,江苏省无锡市  214000
  • 修回日期:2013-12-08 出版日期:2014-02-12 发布日期:2014-02-12
  • 通讯作者: 张建国,教授,南京师范大学体育科学学院,江苏省南京市 210046
  • 作者简介:张盼铖,女,1986年生,江苏省无锡市人,汉族,2012年南京师范大学体育科学学院毕业,硕士,主要从事运动人体与群众体育研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家社科基金项目(10BTY038)

Physique properties of 520 aged people in Jiangsu Province of China

Zhang Pan-cheng1, Zhang Jian-guo2, Yang Guo-wei3   

  1. 1The Third Senior High School of Wuxi, Wuxi  214000, Jiangsu Province, China
    2Physical Science College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu Province, China
    3Wuxi Furen High School, Wuxi 214000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Revised:2013-12-08 Online:2014-02-12 Published:2014-02-12
  • Contact: Zhang Jian-guo, Professor, Physical Science College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Pan-cheng, Master, the Third Senior High School of Wuxi, Wuxi 214000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the National Social Science Foundation of China, No. 10BTY038

摘要:

背景:对于老年人来说,如何提高自身活动能力,使生活质量维持在较高的水平,并尽可能地延缓丧失生活自理能力的年龄显得尤为重要。
目的:分析现阶段江苏省部分地区老年人的体质特征及其影响因素、体质变化趋势,以及生理衰老过程中的规律。
方法:在江苏省南京市、盐城市、常州市3个地区共设9个调查测试点,有效样本为520人,其中男性占总体的42.9%,女性占57.1%。采用已经过信效度检验的《老年人体质及运动休闲调查问卷》了解老年人性别、年龄、文化程度、曾经职业、收入情况、体育锻炼情况等一般人口统计学资料,同时进行现场体质测试(包括身体形态、身体机能、身体素质等9个项目)。
结果与结论:①受调查人群体质量指数达到超重以上水平的超过半数,也有少部分老年人体质量指数为较轻体质量水平,尤其是女性老年人体质量指数正常水平的较少。②受调查的人群中,大多数老年人群血压不处于正常范围,且有相当数量的人群血压值属于重度高血压范围。③反映老年人上下肢肌力、平衡能力、行走能力的几项指标随年龄的增长逐渐下降,尤其在75岁以后开始出现大幅度下降。除最大握力外,其他几项身体素质指标总体上看男女差异不明显。④体育锻炼能延缓老年人肌肉力量、平衡能力随年龄增长出现退行性改变;文化程度高对体质各指标均有不同程度的积极影响;曾经职业为农民的组别血压明显优于非农民组,而各身体素质指标则明显差于非农民组。有退休工资对身体素质各指标有积极的影响,对血压也有一定程度的积极影响,对身体形态影响不明显。



中国组织工程研究
杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程


全文链接:

关键词: 组织构建, 组织工程, 江苏省, 老年人, 体质, 现状, 影响因素

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: It is important for the aged population to improve the locomotor activity, maintain a high-level quality of life, and delay the loss of self-care ability.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the physique properties and influencing factors of the aged population in some areas of Jiangsu province, and to investigate the rule of physiological aging process.
METHODS: In nine test sites of three cities (Nanjing, Yanhceng and Changzhou) of Jiangsu Province, 520 effective samples were collected and composed of 42.9% males and 57.1% females. We tested the reliability and validity of inspected questionnaire on the aged physique and sports, and then adopted the questionnaire to get general demographic information about their gender, age, education, used occupation, income and physical exercise. At the same time, physical tests were performed (including nine projects such as body shape, physical function, body quality).
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: ① More than half of the surveyed aged have reached overweight level according to their body mass index, while only a few have normal body mass index, especially the females. ② Most of the surveyed aged have abnormal blood pressure, and a large number of the aged are in moderate to severe hypertension. ③ There is a gradually reduction in upper and lower limbs muscle strength, balance ability and walking ability along the aging, a substantial drop is found after 75 years old. There is no obvious difference between male group and female group expect grip strength. ④ Physical exercise can delay the degenerative change in muscle strength and balance ability of the aged. Education has great influence on the physical quality and used occupation influences blood pressure. Having a retired wage also has significant effects on physical quality index and blood pressure, but no influence is found in body shape.



中国组织工程研究
杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程


全文链接:

Key words: aged, activities of daily living, body constitution, data collection

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