中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (29): 7680-7687.doi: 10.12307/2026.290

• 组织构建循证医学 evidence-based medicine in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

血流限制训练改善前交叉韧带重建后患者膝关节功能及肌力的Meta分析

陈子昂,李秦陇,吴  雪,周  越   

  1. 北京体育大学,北京市   100084


  • 收稿日期:2025-10-15 修回日期:2025-12-08 出版日期:2026-10-18 发布日期:2026-03-06
  • 通讯作者: 周越,博士,教授,博士生导师,北京体育大学,北京市 100084
  • 作者简介:第一作者:陈子昂,男,2000年生,河南省安阳市人,汉族,北京体育大学在读硕士,主要从事运动员机能监控与损伤康复方面的研究。 并列第一作者:李秦陇,男,1995年生,甘肃省平凉市人,汉族,北京体育大学在读博士,主要从事运动员机能监控与损伤康复方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划 (2018YFF0300801),“冬季项目专项、体能和康复训练关键技术集成研究与应用”,项目负责人:周越

Meta-analysis of blood flow restriction training to improve knee function and muscle strength in patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Chen Ziang, Li Qinlong, Wu Xue, Zhou Yue   

  1. Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
  • Received:2025-10-15 Revised:2025-12-08 Online:2026-10-18 Published:2026-03-06
  • Contact: Zhou Yue, PhD, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
  • About author:Chen Ziang, MS candidate, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China Li Qinlong, PhD candidate, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China Chen Ziang and Li Qinlong contributed equally to the work.
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Program of China, No. 2018YFF0300801 (to ZY) 

摘要:


文题释义:
血流限制训练:有时也被称为“加压训练”,是指在肢体(通常是上臂或大腿的近心端)使用专业的加压带(如充气袖带)进行适当压力的加压,部分阻断动脉血流并完全地阻断静脉血回流,从而在低运动负荷下引发显著的生理适应和肌肉增长。
前交叉韧带重建:前交叉韧带重建是一种外科手术,其目的是用移植物(通常取自患者自身或其他供体)来替换已经断裂的、无法自行愈合的前交叉韧带,以恢复膝关节的稳定性和功能,并允许患者重返运动。

目的:血流限制训练是一种提高肌肉力量、促进肌肉肥大的低负荷训练方法,其特点与前交叉韧带重建后的康复需求相符合,但实际康复效果仍不清晰。因而此文系统评价血流限制训练对前交叉韧带重建后患者的膝关节康复效果,比较血流限制训练与传统抗阻康复训练对前交叉韧带重建后患者膝关节康复效果的差异。
方法:通过计算机检索EBSCO、Embase、PubMed、The Cochrane Library、Web of Science英文数据库和CBM、CNKI、VIP、WanFang Data中文数据库及美国临床试验数据库(ClinicalTrials.gov),搜集采用血流限制训练对前交叉韧带重建后患者膝关节康复的随机对照试验,检索时限均为从建库至2024-10-31。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,采用RevMan 5.4软件和Stata 14.0软件进行Meta分析。
结果:①共纳入11篇研究,包括317例患者;②Meta分析结果显示,血流限制训练在改善前交叉韧带重建后患者膝关节肌力[SMD=0.75,95%CI(0.46,1.04),P < 0.000 01]、膝关节周围肌肉量[SMD=0.48,95%CI(0.30,0.66),P < 0.000 01]、膝关节功能[SMD=2.69,95%CI(1.32,4.07),P=0.000 1]方面均优于传统抗阻康复训练组;③亚组分析显示,当每周训练次数≥3次时,膝关节周围肌肉量[SMD=0.43,95%CI:(0.23,0.63),P < 0.000 1]更优于传统抗阻康复训练组。
结论:血流限制训练比传统抗阻康复训练更能改善前交叉韧带重建后患者的膝关节肌力、膝关节周围肌肉量和膝关节功能;同时在康复周期内采用每周3次及以上的血流限制训练能更好地提高膝关节周围肌肉量。
https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4523-9299 (陈子昂) 


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 血流限制训练, 前交叉韧带重建, 膝关节肌力, 膝关节功能, 随机对照试验

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Blood flow restriction training is a low-load training method designed to enhance muscle strength and promote muscle hypertrophy. Its characteristics align well with the rehabilitation needs following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. However, its actual efficacy remains unclear. Therefore, this study systematically evaluated the effectiveness of blood flow restriction training on knee joint rehabilitation in patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and compared the differences in knee rehabilitation outcomes between blood flow restriction training and traditional resistance training. 
METHODS: By searching EBSCO, Embase, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science English databases, CBM, CNKI, VIP, WanFang Data Chinese databases and clinical trial center database (ClinicalTrials.gov), the randomized controlled trials of knee rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction were collected. The search time was from the establishment of the database to October 31, 2024. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. The meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software and Stata 14.0 software. 
RESULTS: (1) A total of 11 studies involving 317 patients were included. (2) Meta-analysis results showed that blood flow restriction training was superior to traditional resistance rehabilitation training group in improving knee muscle strength [standardized mean difference (SMD)=0.75, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.46, 1.04), P < 0.000 01], muscle mass around knee joint [SMD=0.48, 95% CI (0.30, 0.66), P < 0.000 01] and knee joint function [SMD=2.69, 95%CI (1.32, 4.07), P=0.000 1]. (3) Subgroup analysis showed that the muscle mass around the knee joint [SMD=0.43, 95% CI (0.23, 0.63), P < 0.000 1] was better than that of the traditional resistance rehabilitation training group when the training times were ≥ 3 times per week. 
CONCLUSION: Blood flow restriction training demonstrates superior efficacy compared to traditional resistance training in improving knee muscle strength, peri-knee muscle mass, and knee function in patients following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Furthermore, implementing blood flow restriction training at a frequency of three or more sessions per week during the rehabilitation period leads to more significant enhancements in peri-knee muscle mass.

Key words: blood flow restriction training, anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, knee muscle strength, knee function, randomized controlled trial

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