中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (21): 5510-5516.doi: 10.12307/2026.188

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

髓内钉治疗股骨干骨折过程中改良矩形锁定装置的应用

张  平1,2,周大方2,陈  辉2,张  莹2,刘  青2,史  册1,3   

  1. 1徐州医科大学,江苏省徐州市   221004;2宿迁市宿豫区人民医院,江苏省宿迁市   223800;3徐州医科大学附属宿迁医院,江苏省宿迁市   223800
  • 接受日期:2025-06-17 出版日期:2026-07-28 发布日期:2026-03-05
  • 通讯作者: 张平,男,1983年生,江苏省宿迁市人,汉族,2007年皖南医学院毕业,副主任医师,主要从事关节外科、创伤骨科方面的研究。 并列第一作者:周大方,男,1981年生,江苏省宿迁市人,汉族,2010年江苏大学毕业,副主任医师,主要从事关节外科、创伤骨科方面的研究。
  • 作者简介:史册,博士后,副主任医师,徐州医科大学,江苏省徐州市 221004;徐州医科大学附属宿迁医院骨科,江苏省宿迁市 223800
  • 基金资助:
    2024年度宿迁市卫生健康医学科研面上项目(MS202413),项目名称:改良矩形锁定装置在髓内钉治疗股骨干骨折的临床应用,项目负责人:张平

Application of a modified rectangular locking device in the treatment of femoral shaft fractures with intramedullary nailing

Zhang Ping1, 2, Zhou Dafang2, Chen Hui2, Zhang Ying2, Liu Qing2, Shi Ce1, 3   

  1. 1Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Suyu District People's Hospital, Suqian 223800, Jiangsu Province, China; 3Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian 223800, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Accepted:2025-06-17 Online:2026-07-28 Published:2026-03-05
  • Contact: Shi Ce, MD, Associate chief physician, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China; Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian 223800, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Ping, Associate chief physician, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China; Suyu District People's Hospital, Suqian 223800, Jiangsu Province, China Zhou Dafang, Associate chief physician, Suyu District People's Hospital, Suqian 223800, Jiangsu Province, China Zhang Ping and Zhou Dafang contributed equally to this article.
  • Supported by:
    2024 Suqian Municipal Health and Medical Research General Project, No. MS202413 (to ZP)

摘要:

文题释义:

矩形框架式瞄准器:是徐州医科大学附属宿迁医院杨春主任医师设计的一种用于股骨髓内钉远端锁钉置入时的瞄准装置(专利号:ZL2015 10301402.X),通过3 mm定位针将插入股骨髓腔的髓内钉与瞄准器连接成矩形框架,利用矩形框架与髓内钉位于同平面的原理进行远端锁钉的精准置入。改良矩形锁定装置是作者在此基础上进行的研发及改进,以求在股骨髓内钉置入远端锁钉时在精准锁定的同时可以减少透视次数,甚至做到0透视。

摘要
背景:矩形框架式瞄准器分左、右2个模块,不利于术中灵活使用,容易产生形变和误差,连接完成后仍需要反复透视确认进行螺钉的钻孔、置入。
目的:探讨改良矩形锁定装置在股骨干骨折髓内钉治疗时精准置入远端锁钉的关键技术研发及临床应用效果。
方法:收集徐州医科大学附属宿迁医院和宿豫区人民医院2021-2023年收治的股骨干骨折患者的病历资料,选择18-65岁、经影像学检查确诊为股骨干骨折(AO分型:A、B或C型)、接受闭合复位髓内钉内固定治疗且术中采用改良矩形锁定装置置入远端锁钉的患者;临床资料(包括病史、影像学、手术记录、随访记录等)完整。符合条件的病例有41例,其中男30例,女11例;年龄20-62岁,平均(41.17±8.14)岁。收集术中远端锁钉置入时透视次数、锁定成功率、远端锁钉成功置入时间、术后1个月和骨折愈合后美国膝关节协会评分及骨折愈合时间。
结果与结论:①41例患者均采用改良矩形锁定装置置入远端锁钉,术中远端锁钉置入时透视次数0-2次,平均(1.1±0.5)次;锁定成功率为98%;远端锁钉成功置入时间6-10 min,平均(7.0±1.5) min;术后1个月膝关节美国膝关节协会评分140-190分,平均(150±15)分;②有38例患者获得完整随访,随访时间12-24个月,骨折愈合时间9-14个月,平均(10.5±2.5)个月,骨折愈合后膝关节美国膝关节协会评分150-190分,平均(185±8)分,其中优35例,良3例;③结果表明,相较于徒手锁定远端锁钉、斜位透视置入远端锁钉、关节镜辅助置入远端锁钉、电磁导航锁定远端锁钉这几种方式置入股骨髓内钉远端锁钉,改良矩形锁定装置应用于髓内钉治疗股骨干骨折时置入远端锁钉的优势包括不依赖关节镜、电磁导航设备,不需要丰富的手术经验,步骤简单、锁定准确、可重复性高及减少辐射暴露。


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 股骨干骨折, 髓内钉, 锁钉置入, 内固定, 改良矩形锁定装置, 矩形框架式瞄准器, 徒手置钉, 斜位透视置钉, 关节镜辅助置钉, 电磁导航

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Conventional rectangular targeting devices are divided into two modules, one left and one right, which hinders flexible intraoperative use and is prone to deformation and error. Even after connection, repeated fluoroscopic confirmation is still required for screw drilling and placement.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the key technology development and clinical application of a modified rectangular locking device for precise distal locking screw placement in intramedullary nailing of femoral shaft fractures. 
METHODS: Medical records of patients with femoral shaft fractures admitted to Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Suyu District People's Hospital from 2021 to 2023 were collected. Patients aged 18-65 years, diagnosed with femoral shaft fractures (AO classification: A, B, or C) by radiographic examination, who underwent closed reduction and intramedullary nailing with distal locking screw placement using the modified rectangular locking device, and whose clinical data (including medical history, radiographic findings, surgical records, and follow-up records) were selected. Forty-one eligible patients were included, including 30 males and 11 females, aged 20-62 years (mean, 41.17 ± 8.14 years). The following data were collected: number of intraoperative fluoroscopic examinations during distal locking screw placement, the locking success rate, the time to successful distal locking screw placement, the American Knee Society Score at 1 month after surgery and after fracture healing, and the time to fracture healing.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Among 41 consecutive patients with femoral shaft fractures treated via intramedullary nailing using the modified rectangular locking device, intraoperative distal locking required 0–2 fluoroscopy attempts (mean 1.1±0.5), achieved a 98% success rate, and was completed within 6–10 minutes (mean 7.0±1.5 minutes). Postoperative 1-month American Knee Society Score ranged from 140 to 190 (mean 150±15). (2) Totally 38 cases completed the 12–24 months of follow-up. Fracture healing occurred at 9–14 months (mean 10.5±2.5 months), with post-healing American Knee Society Score improving to 150–190 (mean 185±8), yielding 35 excellent and 3 good outcomes. (3) These findings indicate that freehand locking, oblique fluoroscopy-guided locking, arthroscopy-assisted locking, and electromagnetic navigation-assisted locking, the modified device eliminates dependencies on specialized equipment (e.g., arthroscopy systems or electromagnetic navigators), reduces procedural complexity, ensures high accuracy and reproducibility, significantly minimizes radiation exposure, and requires minimal surgical expertise.


Key words: femoral shaft fracture, intramedullary nail, locking screw insertion, internal fixation, modified rectangular locking device, rectangular frame-type targeting device, freehand screw insertion, oblique fluoroscopic screw insertion, arthroscopic-assisted screw insertion, electromagnetic navigation

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