中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (16): 4193-4203.doi: 10.12307/2026.720

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

血管内皮生长因子A在关节软骨发育中的多维度靶点调控作用

王正业,刘万林,赵振群   

  1. 内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院儿童骨科医学中心,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市  010090
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-06 接受日期:2025-09-01 出版日期:2026-06-08 发布日期:2025-11-28
  • 通讯作者: 刘万林,硕士,教授,内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院儿童骨科医学中心,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市 010090 共同通讯作者:赵振群,博士,教授,内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院儿童骨科医学中心,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市 010090
  • 作者简介:王正业,男,1997年生,内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市人,汉族,内蒙古医科大学在读硕士,主要从事髋关节的相关研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(81960397,82260424),项目负责人:刘万林;国家自然科学基金项目(82160414,81760391),项目负责人:赵振群;内蒙古自治区成果转化项目(CGZH2018146),项目负责人:刘万林;内蒙古自治区自然科学基金杰出青年基金项目(2023SHZR1613),项目负责人:赵振群

Multidimensional target regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor A in articular cartilage development

Wang Zhengye, Liu Wanlin, Zhao Zhenqun   

  1. Center for Pediatric Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010090, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2025-06-06 Accepted:2025-09-01 Online:2026-06-08 Published:2025-11-28
  • Contact: Liu Wanlin, MS, Professor, Center for Pediatric Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010090, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China Co-corresponding author: Zhao Zhenqun, PhD, Professor, Center for Pediatric Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010090, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Wang Zhengye, MS candidate, Center for Pediatric Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010090, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos. 81960397 and 82260424 (both to LWL); National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos. 82160414 and 81760391 (both to ZZQ); Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Technology Transfer Project, No. CGZH2018146 (to LWL); Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region - Outstanding Young Scientist Fund Project, No. 2023SHZR1613 (to ZZQ)

摘要:



文题释义:
血管内皮生长因子A:血管内皮生长因子A主要通过与其受体(如血管内皮生长因子受体1、血管内皮生长因子受体2)结合发挥生物学功能,如在关节软骨发育中调控软骨细胞的分化和基质代谢。研究表明,血管内皮生长因子受体1在胚胎期软骨模板形成、生长板重塑及成年软骨稳态维持中具有时空特异性作用,在低质量浓度(< 10 ng/mL)时,通过激活血管内皮生长因子受体2促进软骨细胞存活及基质合成;而在高质量浓度(> 20 ng/mL)时,它则通过上调基质金属蛋白酶13等因子加速软骨降解。此外,血管内皮生长因子A的剪切异构体(如血管内皮生长因子A 121和血管内皮生长因子A 165)在软骨发育和疾病中作用显著,是研究软骨发育和疾病的关键因素。
力学-生化耦合机制:是指机械应力与生化信号之间的相互作用和协同调控。在关节软骨发育和疾病中,这种耦合机制通过整合机械信号和生化信号,调控软骨细胞的行为和组织的稳态。有研究发现,软骨组织在生理性机械负荷下,血管内皮生长因子A激活血管内皮生长因子受体2,抑制软骨下血管异常侵入,维持软骨的低代谢稳态;而在病理性负荷下,血管内皮生长因子A过度表达则促进血管内皮细胞向软骨内侵袭,加速软骨退变。

背景:关节软骨的健康与功能维持是骨科领域的研究热点。血管内皮生长因子A作为调控血管生成的关键因子,它在软骨发育中的作用长期存在争议。
目的:文章旨在系统总结血管内皮生长因子A在关节软骨发育中的多维度调控机制及在疾病中的作用,探讨血管内皮生长因子A作为治疗靶点的可行性,并分析当前治疗策略的技术瓶颈与突破方向。
方法:通过检索PubMed、中国知网、万方数据库及维普数据库(各数据库建库至2025年5月),结合手工查阅相关书籍,筛选与血管内皮生长因子A在关节软骨发育及疾病中调控机制相关的高质量文献。最终纳入117篇文献(英文112篇,中文5篇)进行系统分析与总结。
结果与结论:血管内皮生长因子A通过与受体的时空特异性互作调控软骨细胞分化与代谢;血管内皮生长因子A剪切异构体在软骨发育和疾病中作用显著;力学信号与生化信号的耦合进一步增强了血管内皮生长因子A的调控复杂性。在骨关节炎中,血管内皮生长因子A的表达呈现浓度依赖性,低浓度促进软骨修复,高浓度加剧软骨降解;在类风湿关节炎中,血管内皮生长因子A通过促进滑膜血管生成和炎症细胞浸润加剧疾病进程;在髋关节发育不良中,血管内皮生长因子A对关节软骨发育产生了显著的促进作用。血管内皮生长因子A在疾病早期显示出治疗潜力,但递送系统的时空特异性不足、基因编辑的脱靶风险以及个体化治疗的分子分型缺失仍是主要瓶颈。总之,血管内皮生长因子A在关节软骨发育与疾病中的作用复杂多效,精准调控对软骨相关疾病治疗至关重要。当前研究面临递送系统精准性、基因编辑安全性及个体化治疗策略缺失等瓶颈。未来需优化递送系统,结合单细胞多组学技术实现个体化治疗,探索其与其他信号通路的协同作用。同时,亟待从“单一靶点抑制”向“微环境重塑”转变,依赖跨学科技术整合与临床前模型精准化设计。通过单细胞测序解析软骨细胞亚群响应差异,利用CRISPR-Cas9技术筛选阶段特异性调控元件,开发智能型缓释系统、交互作用模型、工程化载体,整合多维组学并构建类器官模型、借助人工智能预测,全方位攻克难关,推动临床转化,为关节软骨相关疾病治疗带来新希望。

https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6873-7422(王正业)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 血管内皮生长因子A, 关节软骨发育, 骨关节炎, 类风湿性关节炎, 骨不连, 信号通路, 髋关节发育不良

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The health and functional maintenance of articular cartilage are hot topics in the field of orthopedics. Vascular endothelial growth factor A, as a key regulator of angiogenesis, has long been a subject of debate regarding its role in cartilage development.
OBJECTIVE: To systematically summarize the multidimensional regulatory mechanisms of vascular endothelial growth factor A in articular cartilage development and its role in diseases, explore its feasibility as a therapeutic target, and analyze the current technical bottlenecks and potential breakthroughs in treatment strategies.
METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, CNKI, WanFang Data, and VIP databases (from database inception to May 2025), supplemented by manual retrieval of relevant books. High-quality studies focusing on the regulatory mechanisms of vascular endothelial growth factor A in articular cartilage development and diseases were selected. A total of 117 articles (112 in English and 5 in Chinese) were included for systematic analysis and synthesis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Vascular endothelial growth factor A spatiotemporally modulates chondrocyte differentiation and metabolism via interactions with its receptors; its splice isoforms exhibit distinct roles in cartilage development and diseases; the coupling of mechanical and biochemical signals further enhances regulatory complexity. In osteoarthritis, the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A is concentration-dependent, with low levels promoting cartilage repair and high levels exacerbating cartilage degradation. In rheumatoid arthritis, vascular endothelial growth factor A aggravates disease progression by promoting synovial angiogenesis and inflammatory cell infiltration. In developmental dysplasia of the hip, vascular endothelial growth factor A significantly promotes joint cartilage development. Vascular endothelial growth factor A shows promise for early disease intervention, but major bottlenecks remain, including inadequate spatiotemporal precision in delivery systems, off-target risks of gene editing, and the lack of molecular subtyping for personalized treatment. In conclusion, vascular endothelial growth factor A exerts complex and pleiotropic effects in articular cartilage development and disease, necessitating precise modulation for therapeutic applications. Current research faces bottlenecks in delivery system precision, gene editing safety, and the absence of personalized treatment strategies. Future work should focus on optimizing delivery systems, integrating single-cell multi-omics for personalized therapy, and exploring vascular endothelial growth factor A crosstalk with other signaling pathways. Additionally, there is an urgent need to shift the research paradigm from “single-target inhibition” to “microenvironment remodeling,” relying on interdisciplinary technical integration and precise design of preclinical models. Comprehensive efforts are required to overcome challenges and promote clinical translation, including single-cell sequencing to elucidate chondrocyte subpopulation responses, CRISPR-Cas9 screening for stage-specific regulatory elements, development of intelligent controlled-release systems, interaction models, engineered carriers, integration of multi-omics, construction of organoid models, and the use of artificial intelligence for prediction, bringing new hope for the treatment of articular cartilage-related diseases.


Key words: vascular endothelial growth factor A, articular cartilage development, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, nonunion, signaling pathways, developmental dysplasia of the hip

中图分类号: