中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (14): 3568-3575.doi: 10.12307/2026.080

• 组织工程口腔材料 tissue-engineered oral materials • 上一篇    

有限元模拟下颌骨正中骨折的个性化钛板设计分析

刘  璐1,王  琦2,王怀升1,程亚男1,庄  妍1,陈  贺1,王心彧1   

  1. 1佳木斯大学口腔医学院,佳木斯大学口腔医学工程实验中心,黑龙江省口腔生物医学材料及临床应用重点实验室,黑龙江省佳木斯市 154000;2鸡西市人民医院,黑龙江省鸡西市   158100
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-14 接受日期:2025-05-15 出版日期:2026-05-18 发布日期:2025-09-10
  • 通讯作者: 王心彧,硕士,主任医师,硕士生导师,佳木斯大学口腔医学院,佳木斯大学口腔医学工程实验中心,黑龙江省口腔生物医学材料及临床应用重点实验室,黑龙江省佳木斯市 154000
  • 作者简介:刘璐,女,1994年生,黑龙江省哈尔滨市人,汉族,佳木斯大学在读硕士,医师,主要从事数字化设计及3D打印方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省卫生健康委科研课题(2020-314),课题名称:3D打印医用金属颌骨内固定钛板应用基础研究,项目负责人:王心彧 

Finite element simulation analysis of personalized titanium plate design for median mandibular fracture

Liu Lu1, Wang Qi2, Wang Huaisheng1, Cheng Yanan1, Zhuang Yan1, Chen He1, Wang Xinyu1   

  1. 1Stomatology College of Jiamusi University, Experimental Center for Stomatological Engineering, Jiamusi University, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Materials and Clinical Application of Heilongjiang Province, Jiamusi 154000, Heilongjiang Province, China; 2Jixi People’s Hospital, Jixi 158100, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • Received:2025-03-14 Accepted:2025-05-15 Online:2026-05-18 Published:2025-09-10
  • Contact: Wang Xinyu, MS, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Stomatology Collage of Jiamusi University, Experimental Center for Stomatological Engineering, Jiamusi University, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Materials and Clinical Application of Heilongjiang Province, Jiamusi 154000, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • About author:Liu Lu, Master candidate, Physician, Stomatology College of Jiamusi University, Experimental Center for Stomatological Engineering, Jiamusi University, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Materials and Clinical Application of Heilongjiang Province, Jiamusi 154000, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Heilongjiang Provincial Health Commission Research Project, No. 2020-314 (to WXY)

摘要:

文题释义:
下颌骨正中骨折:下颌骨位于面下1/3,属于颌面部唯一能动骨,位置突出,易发生骨折。下颌骨正中骨折发生率较高,骨折发生后可能出现骨折段移位、咬合错乱,甚至因舌后坠而出现呼吸困难,导致窒息。
个性化钛板设计:利用3D打印技术根据患者骨骼形态定制个性化钛板,用于颌面部骨折的治疗,不仅可以避免手工弯制钛板的金属疲劳问题,还缩短了手术时间。

背景:个性化钛板治疗颌面部骨折不仅可以缩短手术时间,还能提高患者满意度。然而,关于个性化钛板最优形状设计及其对骨折愈合的影响目前仍缺乏系统研究。
目的:利用有限元对下颌骨正中骨折的个性化钛板进行优化设计。
方法:将初始钛板及颌骨模型导入软件中进行静力学分析,依据静力学分析结果进行拓扑优化。基于拓扑优化结果设计个性化钛板的基本形状。将个性化钛板、平行双板钛板、垂直双板钛板分别在双侧切牙咬合(工况1)、右侧磨牙咬合(工况2)、右侧切牙咬合(工况3)3种工况下进行有限元分析,筛选出在下颌骨正中骨折固定中力学性能最优的钛板。根据分析结果对个性化钛板进一步优化设计,设计直线型、上弯型、下弯型3种形态,通过有限元分析择出最优形态。以1 mm厚的上弯型个性化钛板为基础,设计梁(横梁和斜梁)分别为0.6,0.8,1.0,1.2,1.4,1.6,1.8,2.0 mm宽度的钛板,通过有限元分析确定合适的梁宽度,完成个性化钛板的优化设计。
结果与结论:①依据拓扑优化结果设计了一款“8”字型个性化钛板。有限元分析结果显示,在工况1中,平行双板钛板组钛板最大等效应力值最小,垂直双板钛板组骨断端最大位移值最小;在工况2和工况3中,个性化钛板组钛板最大等效应力值和骨断端最大位移值均最小,力学性能更优。②在3种工况下,直线型个性化钛板组、上弯型个性化钛板组与下弯型个性化钛板组的钛板最大等效应力值和骨断端最大位移值差异较小,但上弯型个性化钛板组钛板应力分布更均匀。③对于1 mm厚的上弯型个性化钛板,当梁宽度≥1.6 mm时,钛板最大等效应力和骨断端最大位移值较为稳定;当梁宽度< 1 mm时,骨断端最大位移值超出骨折初期愈合的范围,不利于愈合。④在下颌骨正中骨折有限元分析中,“8”字型结构个性化钛板较“一”字型具有应力分布更均匀、固定更稳固的优势,最终确定1 mm梁宽、1 mm厚的上弯型个性化钛板为下颌骨正中骨折的个性化钛板最优设计方案。
https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0903-3590(刘璐) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料;口腔生物材料;纳米材料;缓释材料;材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 个性化">, 钛板">, 优化">, 颏部">, 下颌骨">, 骨折">, 固定">, 有限元分析

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Customized titanium plates are used to heal maxillofacial fractures, reducing surgical time and improving patient satisfaction. However, there is still a lack of systematic research on the optimal shape design of personalized titanium plates and their effects on fracture healing.
OBJECTIVE: To optimize the design of personalized titanium plates for median mandibular fractures using finite element analysis.
METHODS: The initial titanium plate and jaw model were imported into the software for static analysis, and topological optimization was performed based on the results of static analysis. The basic shape of the personalized titanium plate was designed based on the topological optimization results. Finite element analysis was performed on the personalized titanium plate, parallel double-plate titanium plate, and vertical double-plate titanium plate under three working conditions: bilateral incisor occlusion (working condition 1), right molar occlusion (working condition 2), and right incisor occlusion (working condition 3), respectively, to select the titanium plate with the best mechanical properties in the fixation of median mandibular fractures. According to the analysis results, the personalized titanium plate was further optimized and designed into three forms: straight, upward curved, and downward curved. The optimal form was selected through finite element analysis. Based on the 1 mm thick upward curved personalized titanium plate, the titanium plates with beams (cross beams and inclined beams) of 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, and 2.0 mm width were designed. The appropriate beam width was determined by finite element analysis to complete the optimization design of the personalized titanium plate.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) According to the topology optimization results, an “8” shaped individual titanium plate was designed. The finite element analysis showed that in working condition 1, the maximum equivalent stress of the titanium plate in the parallel double-plate titanium plate group was the smallest, and the maximum displacement of the bone end in the vertical double-plate titanium plate group was the smallest. In working conditions 2 and 3, the maximum equivalent stress of the titanium plate and the maximum displacement of the bone end in the personalized titanium plate group were the smallest, and the mechanical properties were better. (2) Under the three working conditions, the maximum equivalent stress of the titanium plate and the maximum displacement of the bone end of the linear personalized titanium plate group, the upward curved personalized titanium plate group, and the downward curved personalized titanium plate group were slightly different, but the stress distribution of the titanium plate in the upward curved personalized titanium plate group was more uniform. (3) For the 1 mm thick upward curved personalized titanium plate, when the beam width was ≥ 1.6 mm, the maximum equivalent stress of the titanium plate and the maximum displacement of the bone end were relatively stable. When the beam width was < 1 mm, the maximum displacement of the bone end exceeded the range of initial fracture healing, which was not conducive to healing. (4) In the finite element analysis of mandibular median fracture, the “8”-shaped personalized titanium plate has the advantages of more uniform stress distribution and more stable fixation than the plate shaped like a straight line (“—”). Finally, it is determined that the 1 mm beam width and 1 mm thick upward curved personalized titanium plate is the optimal design scheme for the personalized titanium plate of mandibular median fracture.

Key words: personalized">, titanium plate">, optimizing">, chin">, mandibular">, fracture">, fixation">, finite element analysis

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