中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (5): 1207-1214.doi: 10.12307/2026.003

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

miRNA在激素诱导股骨头坏死机制中的研究进展

王正业,刘万林,赵振群   

  1. 内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院儿童骨科医学中心,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市   010090
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-15 接受日期:2025-01-06 出版日期:2026-02-18 发布日期:2025-06-25
  • 通讯作者: 刘万林,教授,内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院儿童骨科医学中心,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市 010090
  • 作者简介:王正业,男,1997年生,汉族,在读硕士,主要从事髋关节方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(81960397),项目负责人:刘万林;国家自然科学基金项目(82160414),项目负责人:赵振群;内蒙古自治区成果转化项目(CGZH2018146),项目负责人:刘万林

Advance in the mechanisms underlying miRNAs in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head

Wang Zhengye, Liu Wanlin, Zhao Zhenqun   

  1. Center for Pediatric Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010090, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2024-11-15 Accepted:2025-01-06 Online:2026-02-18 Published:2025-06-25
  • Contact: Liu Wanlin, Professor, Center for Pediatric Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010090, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Wang Zhengye, Master candidate, Center for Pediatric Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010090, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos. 81960397 (to LWL) and 82160414 (to ZZQ); Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Achievement Transformation Project, No. CGZH2018146 (to LWL)

摘要:


文题释义:
miRNA:是一类基因表达的精细调控因子,在多种病理过程中扮演着关键角色。在激素诱导股骨头坏死的背景下,特定的miRNA如miR-33-5p、
miR-99a、miR-106b-5p、miR-155、miR-146a和miR-21在血管损伤、炎症反应和骨细胞分化及凋亡中的调控作用尤为重要。
激素诱导股骨头坏死:是一种严重的骨科疾病,这种病症通常与长期使用糖皮质激素(如泼尼松、地塞米松等)相关,特征是股骨头的血液供应中断,导致骨细胞死亡和随后的骨结构破坏。激素诱导股骨头坏死的发病机制复杂,涉及多种细胞和分子途径,主要包括血管内皮损伤、骨细胞凋亡、炎症反应和骨代谢紊乱。

背景:激素诱导股骨头坏死的发病机制复杂,涉及血管内皮损伤、骨细胞凋亡、炎症反应和骨代谢紊乱。微小RNA(microRNAs,miRNA)作为基因表达的关键调控因子在激素诱导股骨头坏死中扮演着重要角色。
目的:综合分析miRNA在激素诱导股骨头坏死病理过程中的作用,评估miRNA作为激素诱导股骨头坏死生物标志物的潜力与治疗策略的最新进展。
方法:通过计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science、CNKI和万方数据库中的相关文献,使用特定的关键词进行筛选,并根据纳入和排除标准选择相关文章。通过阅读标题和摘要或全文,排除与主题相关性差或内容重复的文献,最终筛选出76篇文献进行分析。
结果与结论:miRNA通过与目标mRNA的3’非翻译区结合调控基因表达,影响细胞增殖、分化、凋亡和应激反应。特定的miRNA如miR-33-5p、miR-99a、miR-106b-5p、miR-155、miR-146a和miR-21在激素诱导股骨头坏死的血管损伤、炎症反应、骨细胞分化和凋亡中起着核心调控作用;此外,miRNA的表达模式与激素诱导股骨头坏死的发病机制密切相关,显示出作为生物标志物的潜力。尽管miRNA作为生物标志物展现出巨大潜力,但样本量有限和缺乏多人群验证限制了其普适性;此外,miRNA治疗策略的有效性和安全性(包括脱靶效应和递送问题)仍是实现临床应用的主要挑战。

https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6873-7422 (王正业) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 激素诱导股骨头坏死, miRNA, 生物标志物, 治疗靶点, 骨细胞凋亡, 工程化组织构建

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The pathogenesis of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head is complex, involving vascular endothelial injury, osteocyte apoptosis, inflammatory responses, and bone metabolism disorders. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), as key regulators of gene expression, play an important role in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
OBJECTIVE:
To comprehensively analyze the regulatory role of miRNAs in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head and to evaluate their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic tools. 
METHODS: Relevant literature was retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, and WanFang databases using specific keywords, and articles were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. By reading titles, abstracts, or full texts, articles with poor relevance or repetitive content were excluded, and 76 articles were finally included for analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: miRNAs regulate gene expression by binding to the 3' untranslated region of target mRNAs, affecting cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and stress responses. Specific miRNAs such as miR-33-5p, miR-99a, miR-106b-5p, miR-155, miR-146a, and miR-21 play a central regulatory role in vascular injury, inflammatory responses, osteocyte differentiation, and apoptosis in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Additionally, the expression patterns of miRNAs are closely related to the pathogenesis of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head, showing potential as biomarkers. Although miRNAs shows great potential as biomarkers in therapeutic strategies, the current limitation of sample size and lack of multi-population validation restrict the universality and reliability of the results. Moreover, the efficacy and safety of miRNA therapeutic strategies (including off-target effects and delivery issues) remain major challenges in realizing clinical applications.

Key words: steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head, miRNA, biomarker, therapeutic target, osteocyte apoptosis, engineered tissue construction

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