中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 78-92.doi: 10.12307/2026.510

• 脐带脐血干细胞 umbilical cord blood stem cells • 上一篇    下一篇

人脐血富血小板血浆、单个核细胞及间充质干细胞修复大鼠薄型子宫内膜

牟彦郦1,胡安春1,须文驰1,陈盼盼1,陈  浩2,赵淑云2,黄官友2,陈小娟3   

  1. 1贵州医科大学,贵州省贵阳市  550004;贵州医科大学附属医院,2生殖中心,3高压氧科,贵州省贵阳市  550004

  • 收稿日期:2024-10-31 接受日期:2024-12-31 出版日期:2026-01-08 发布日期:2025-06-19
  • 通讯作者: 赵淑云,博士,主任医师,贵州医科大学附属医院生殖中心,贵州省贵阳市 550004
  • 作者简介:牟彦郦,女,1998年生,四川省泸州市人,汉族,贵州医科大学在读硕士,主要从事生殖内分泌的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    贵州省卫生健康委科学技术基金项目(gzwkj2013-1-101),项目负责人:黄官友;贵州省卫生健康委科学技术基金项目(gzwkj2022-415),项目负责人:陈小娟;贵州省卫生健康委科学技术基金项目(g2wkj2024-439),项目负责人:胡安春

Effects of human umbilical cord blood platelet-rich plasma, mononuclear cells, and mesenchymal stem cells in repairing thin endometrium in rats 

Mu Yanli1, Hu Anchun1, Xu Wenchi1, Chen Panpan1, Chen hao2, Zhao Shuyun2, Huang Guanyou2, Chen Xiaojuan3   

  1. 1Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China; 2Department of Reproductive Center, 3Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
  • Received:2024-10-31 Accepted:2024-12-31 Online:2026-01-08 Published:2025-06-19
  • Contact: Zhao Shuyun, MD, Chief physician, Department of Reproductive Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Mu Yanli, Master candidate, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Guizhou Provincial Health Commission Science and Technology Fund, No. gzwkj2013-1-101 (to HGY); Guizhou Provincial Health Commission Science and Technology Fund, No. gzwkj2022-415 (to CXJ); Guizhou Provincial Health Commission Science and Technology Fund, No. g2wkj2024-439 (to HAC)

摘要:

文题释义:

人脐血衍生物:指从人脐血中提取的多种生物活性物质和细胞成分,主要包括单个核细胞、间充质干细胞和造血细胞,以及各种生长因子和抗炎/免疫调节因子,还有血液衍生因子富血小板血浆。这些衍生物展现出多样化且重要的生物学功能,如促进细胞增殖、分化、迁移和免疫调节等,在血液疾病治疗、再生医学、组织修复和免疫调节等领域具有广泛的应用前景。
薄型子宫内膜:是指在特定生理或病理情况下,子宫内膜厚度相对较薄,无法满足正常妊娠的必要条件,主要表现为细胞增殖不足和功能失衡,是导致女性月经异常、不孕症和反复流产的重要因素,能够影响子宫内膜的耐受性,进而降低胚胎的着床率和临床妊娠率,同时与辅助生殖治疗的预后质量下降相关。

摘要
背景:研究发现人脐血富血小板血浆与人脐血间充质干细胞对薄型子宫内膜有一定治疗效果,但目前针对人脐血单个核细胞对薄型子宫内膜的研究尚未报道,且目前尚缺乏三者比较的相关研究。
目的:探讨人脐血富血小板血浆、单个核细胞及间充质干细胞修复大鼠薄型子宫内膜的效果与机制。
方法:60只雌性SPF级SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、人脐血富血小板血浆组、人脐血单个核细胞组和人脐血间充质干细胞组,每组12只。假手术组宫角注射0.5 mL生理盐水,5 min后再灌注0.5 mL PBS;模型组、人脐血富血小板血浆组、人脐血单个核细胞组和人脐血间充质干细胞组宫角注射0.5 mL体积分数95%乙醇,5 min后吸出剩余乙醇,经生理盐水冲洗2次后再分别灌注0.5 mL PBS、人脐血富血小板血浆、人脐血单个核细胞悬液(1×107个)和人脐血间充质干细胞悬液(1×107个),于再灌注后第3个正常动情周期的动情间期收集脏器组织与血清,检测相关指标。

结果与结论:①子宫组织大体观、苏木精-伊红染色和Masson染色结果:假手术组结构完整,内膜厚度适中,血管结构清晰。与假手术组相比,模型组子宫萎缩,结构不完整,内膜厚度、腺体数量明显减少,血管结构紊乱,纤维化增加;与模型组相比,经人脐血衍生物治疗后,子宫大小、结构、内膜厚度均有所恢复(均P < 0.01),并且纤维化均减轻,其中以人脐血单个核细胞组恢复最为明显。在腺体数量增加方面,以人脐血富血小板血浆组效果最为显著(P < 0.000 1)。②子宫组织免疫组化与免疫荧光结果显示,与假手术组相比,模型组细胞增殖相关指标角蛋白9、波形蛋白,内膜容受性相关指标白血病抑制因子、整合素αγβ3,血小板内皮细胞黏附分子、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子、血管内皮生长因子表达均降低(均P < 0.05)。与模型组相比,经人脐血衍生物治疗后以上指标均有显著性升高,人脐血衍生物各组比较:角蛋白9、血管内皮生长因子蛋白:人脐血单个核细胞组>人脐血间充质干细胞组>人脐血富血小板血浆组;波形蛋白、白血病抑制因子蛋白:人脐血间充质干细胞组>人脐血单个核细胞组>人脐血富血小板血浆组;整合素αγβ3蛋白:人脐血富血小板血浆组>人脐血间充质干细胞组>人脐血单个核细胞组;血小板内皮细胞黏附分子蛋白:人脐血富血小板血浆组>人脐血单个核细胞组>人脐血间充质干细胞组;碱性成纤维细胞生长因子蛋白:人脐血单个核细胞组>人脐血富血小板血浆组>人脐血间充质干细胞组。③Western blot检测显示,与假手术组相比,模型组白细胞介素6、白细胞介素1β和肿瘤坏死因子α蛋白表达水平显著升高(均P < 0.001),经人脐血衍生物治疗后上述指标均降低(均P < 0.05)。④ELISA检测显示,与假手术组相比,模型组抗缪勒氏管激素、雌二醇、孕酮水平降低,促卵泡生成素、促黄体生成素水平增加(除促黄体生成素外,均P < 0.05)。经人脐血衍生物治疗后,性激素和抗缪勒氏管激素水平有一定程度恢复。⑤生育力实验显示,与假手术组相比,模型组受孕时间有所增加,产仔数明显降低(均P < 0.05)。经人脐血衍生物治疗后,3组产仔数均有所增加(P < 0.05),组间比较尚未发现明显差异。此研究初步表明人脐血单个核细胞对薄型子宫内膜有一定治疗效果,且人脐血富血小板血浆、人脐血单个核细胞和人脐血间充质干细胞分别在改善薄型子宫内膜再生功能、内膜容受性、血管生成、炎症调控及妊娠结局方面具有不同的优势与差异。

https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3871-6506(牟彦郦)


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 人脐血富血小板血浆, 人脐血单个核细胞, 人脐血间充质干细胞, 薄型子宫内膜, SD大鼠

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Research has found that human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma and human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cells have certain therapeutic effects on thin endometrium. However, there are currently no reports on the study of human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells on thin endometrium, and there is a lack of relevant research comparing the three.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects and mechanisms of human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma, monocytes, and mesenchymal stem cells in repairing thin endometrium in rats.
METHODS: Sixty female SPF grade SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma group, human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell group, and human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cell group, with 12 rats in each group. The sham operation group received 0.5 mL physiological saline injection into the uterine horn, followed by 0.5 mL of PBS infusion after 5 minutes; The model group, human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma group, human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell group, and human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cell group were injected with 0.5 mL of 95% ethanol by volume. After 5 minutes, the remaining ethanol was aspirated and washed twice with physiological saline. Then, 0.5 mL of PBS, human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma, human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (1×107 cells/mL), and human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cells (1×107 cells/mL) were perfused separately. During the third normal estrus cycle after reperfusion, organs, tissues and serum were collected for testing of relevant indicators.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The macroscopic view of uterine tissue, hematoxylin eosin staining and Masson staining results: the sham operation group had intact structure, moderate endometrial thickness, and clear vascular structure. Compared with the sham operation group, the model group showed uterine atrophy, incomplete structure, significantly reduced endometrial thickness and glandular quantity, disordered vascular structure, and increased fibrosis. Compared with the model group, after treatment with human umbilical cord blood derivatives, the size, structure, and endometrial thickness of the uterus were restored (all P < 0.01), and fibrosis was reduced, with the most significant recovery observed in the human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell group. The increase in glandular quantity was most significant in the human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma group (P < 0.000 1). (2) The immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence results of uterine tissue showed that compared with the sham operation group, the expression levels of cell proliferation related indicators such as keratin 9 and vimentin, endometrial receptivity related indicators such as leukemia inhibitory factor and integrin αγβ3, platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule, basic fibroblast growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor were all reduced in the model group (all P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the above indicators were significantly increased after treatment with human umbilical cord blood derivatives. Comparison of human umbilical cord blood derivatives among groups showed that keratin 9 and vascular endothelial growth factor protein: human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell group > human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cell group > human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma group; Wave shaped protein and leukemia inhibitory factor protein: human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cell group > human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell group > human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma group; Integrin αγβ3 protein: human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma group > human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cell group > human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell group; Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule protein: human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma group > human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell group > human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cell group; Basic fibroblast growth factor protein: human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell group > human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma group > human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cell group. (3) Western blot analysis showed that compared with the sham operation group, the protein levels of interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor alpha in the model group were significantly increased (all P < 0.001), and their expression levels decreased after treatment (all P < 0.05). (4) ELISA assay showed that compared with the sham operation group, the model group had lower levels of anti Mullerian hormone, estradiol, and progesterone, and increased levels of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone (except for luteinizing hormone, all P < 0.05). After treatment, there was a certain degree of recovery in the levels of sex hormones and anti Mullerian hormones. (5) Fertility experiments showed that compared with the sham operation group, the model group had an increase in conception time and a significant decrease in litter size (all P < 0.05). After treatment with human umbilical cord blood derivatives, the litter size of all three groups increased (P < 0.05), and no significant differences were found between the groups. This study preliminarily reveals that human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells have a certain therapeutic effect on thin endometrium, and human umbilical cord blood platelet rich plasma, human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells, and human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cells have different advantages and differences in improving endometrial regeneration function, endometrial receptivity, angiogenesis, inflammation regulation, and improving pregnancy outcomes in thin endometrium.


Key words: human umbilical cord blood platelet-rich plasma, human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell, human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cell, thin endometrium, SD rat

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