中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (34): 7439-7446.doi: 10.12307/2025.490

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

负载外泌体的水凝胶在神经损伤再生与创面修复中的应用

闫  锐1，王一宇1，刘  雪1，姜佑荣1，程焕芝1，马  哲2   

  1. 1济宁医学院口腔医学院，山东省济宁市   272000；2河北医科大学口腔医院，河北省石家庄市   050017
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-08 接受日期:2024-08-23 出版日期:2025-12-08 发布日期:2025-01-18
  • 通讯作者: 马哲，博士，教授，河北医科大学口腔医院，河北省石家庄市 050017
  • 作者简介:闫锐，女，1997年生，山东省济宁市人，硕士，主要从事口腔医学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    河北省2020年政府资助临床医学优秀人才培养项目带头人(团队)(编号：MXZB00349)，项目负责人：马哲；济宁市重点研发计划项目：口腔黏膜服药器的研发和推广(2021YXNS032)，项目负责人：刘雪

Application of exosome-loaded hydrogel in nerve injury regeneration and wound healing

Yan Rui1, Wang Yiyu1, Liu Xue1, Jiang Yourong1, Cheng Huanzhi1, Ma Zhe2   

  1. 1School of Stomatology, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, Shandong Province, China; 2Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei Province, China
  • Received:2024-07-08 Accepted:2024-08-23 Online:2025-12-08 Published:2025-01-18
  • Contact: Ma Zhe, MD, Professor, Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei Province, China
  • About author:Yan Rui, MS, School of Stomatology, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, Shandong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Leader (Team) of the 2020 Government-funded Excellent Clinical Medicine Talent Training Project in Hebei Province, No. MXZB00349 (to MZ); Jining City Key Research & Development Project, No. 2021YXNS032 (to LX)

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摘要：


文题释义：

外泌体：是细胞在静止或应激条件下释放到细胞外空间的脂质双层膜结合囊泡，能够携带蛋白质、mRNA和miRNA等多种生物活性分子，在细胞间通讯和信号传递中发挥着重要作用。
水凝胶：是一种由亲水性聚合物构成的三维网络结构，可以与水分子形成氢键，从而吸引大量的水分子进入凝胶内部。除了吸水能力外，水凝胶还具有优异的生物相容性，在组织工程和再生医学领域具有广泛的应用前景。


背景：在近年的研究中，负载外泌体的水凝胶在组织工程和再生医学领域作为一种新兴的治疗策略引起了广泛关注，被认为是治疗神经再生及创面修复的有希望的手段。

目的：综述了负载外泌体的水凝胶在神经再生及创面修复中的应用进展，为未来进一步研究和临床应用提供参考和指导。
方法：第一作者于2024年5月使用计算机在PubMed及中国知网数据库检索2000年1月至2024年5月发表的相关文献，以“exosome，hydrogel，nerve，nerve regeneration，wound，wound healing”为英文检索词，以“外泌体，水凝胶，神经，神经再生，伤口，创面修复”为中文检索词，最终纳入66篇文献进行分析。

结果与结论：①负载外泌体的水凝胶在神经修复中通过发挥抗炎、抗氧化和促进轴突与髓鞘再生作用，为神经再生提供了一条有前途的途径。②负载外泌体的水凝胶通过发挥抑制炎症及氧化应激水平，加速皮肤细胞增殖和迁移、胶原蛋白表达及促进血管形成，显著加速创面的愈合过程，提高愈合质量。③负载外泌体的水凝胶对神经再生及创面修复中的作用研究，还仅限于细胞及动物实验，并未涉及临床，未来仍需要进行更多的机制研究、安全性评价和补充相关临床试验。

https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4344-3372 (闫锐) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料；口腔生物材料；纳米材料；缓释材料；材料相容性；组织工程

关键词: 外泌体, 水凝胶, 神经, 神经再生, 伤口, 创面修复, 工程化水凝胶材料

Abstract: BACKGROUND: In recent studies, hydrogel loaded with exosomes has attracted wide attention as an emerging therapeutic strategy in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, and is considered as a promising means for the treatment of nerve regeneration and wound healing.
OBJECTIVE: To review the application of hydrogel loaded with exosomes in nerve regeneration and wound healing and to provide reference and guidance for future research and clinical application.
METHODS: The first author used a computer in May 2024 to retrieve the relevant literature published from January 2000 to May 2024 on PubMed and CNKI, searching for “exosome, hydrogel, nerve, nerve regeneration, wound, wound healing” in Chinese and English, eventually incorporating 66 papers for analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Hydrogel loaded with exosomes provides a promising path for nerve injury repair by exerting anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidation, stimulating axon growth and myelin regeneration. (2) Exosome-loaded hydrogel suppresses the level of inflammation and oxidative stress, accelerates the proliferation and migration of skin cells, collagen expression, and promotes blood vessel formation, significantly accelerates the wound healing process, and improves the healing quality. (3) The role of hydrogel loaded with exosomes in nerve regeneration and wound repair is still limited to cell and animal experiments, and does not involve clinical practice. In the future, more mechanistic studies, safety evaluation, and supplementary related clinical trials are still needed in the future.

Key words: exosome, hydrogel, nerve, nerve regeneration, wound, wound healing, engineered hydrogel material

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