中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (34): 7278-7285.doi: 10.12307/2025.495

• 组织工程骨材料 tissue-engineered bone • 上一篇    下一篇

天然提取与人工合成羟基磷灰石颗粒理化性能及刺激胶原蛋白分泌的差异

石彤彤,邓荣霞,张建光   

  1. 深圳市迈捷生命科学有限公司,广东省深圳市   518000
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-01 接受日期:2024-09-05 出版日期:2025-12-08 发布日期:2025-01-17
  • 通讯作者: 张建光,博士,高级研发工程师,深圳市迈捷生命科学有限公司,广东省深圳市 518000
  • 作者简介:石彤彤,女,1998年生,黑龙江省哈尔滨市人,汉族,硕士,主要从事生物材料研究。
  • 基金资助:
    深圳市科技重大专项项目(KJZD20230923113959013),项目名称:重202327245人工肌腱用复合材料关键技术研发,项目负责人:张建光

Differences in physicochemical properties and collagen secretion stimulation of natural and synthetic hydroxyapatite particles

Shi Tongtong, Deng Rongxia, Zhang Jianguang   

  1. Shenzhen Maijie Life Science Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2024-07-01 Accepted:2024-09-05 Online:2025-12-08 Published:2025-01-17
  • Contact: Zhang Jianguang, MD, Senior engineer, Shenzhen Maijie Life Science Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Shi Tongtong, MS, Shenzhen Maijie Life Science Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Shenzhen Science and Technology Major Project, No. KJZD20230923113959013 (to ZJG)

摘要:


文题释义:

羟基磷灰石:是人体骨骼的主要无机成分,因具有良好的生物相容性、低免疫原性等优良特性而被用于人体组织修复,例如骨修复、耳鼻整形、面部注射填充等领域。
胶原蛋白:是皮肤的重要组成成分,主要起支撑、弹性的作用。随着年龄增长,皮下软组织缺失而导致了皱纹、褶皱的产生,而羟基磷灰石可以即时填充皮肤组织,激活成纤维细胞、刺激胶原生成。


背景:目前,羟基磷灰石因良好的生物相容性和低免疫性在面部填充剂领域得到广泛应用,羟基磷灰石的制备方法主要为天然提取与人工合成,而对于天然提取与人工合成羟基磷灰石的对比研究较少,尤其是二者在刺激胶原蛋白分泌效果上的差异。

目的:探究天然提取及市售人工合成羟基磷灰石颗粒的理化性能以及刺激胶原蛋白分泌的差异。
方法:①取猪骨天然羟基磷灰石颗粒与2种市售人工合成羟基磷灰石颗粒(分别记为SYN1、SYN2),表征3种材料的微观形貌与表面元素含量。②将不同质量浓度(1,5,10  mg/mL)的3种材料分别与人皮肤成纤维细胞共培养,通过CCK-8检测细胞增殖。将5 mg/mL的3种材料分别与人皮肤成纤维细胞共培养,通过CCK-8检测与扫描电镜观察细胞黏附,RT-PCR、ELISA、Western blot检测Ⅰ型胶原蛋白的表达。③取12只新西兰兔,其中6只背部皮下注射天然羟基磷灰石与2%羧甲基纤维素钠凝胶混合物,另6只背部皮下注射SYN2与2%羧甲基纤维素钠凝胶混合物,注射1,3个月后取材,进行Masson及天狼星红染色。

结果与结论:①扫描电镜下可见天然羟基磷灰石颗粒的结晶晶粒更规则、均匀,颗粒间均布孔洞,SYN1晶粒较小,排布密集,SYN2晶粒呈不规则状,天然羟基磷灰石颗粒、SYN1、SYN2的中位粒径分别为38,24,40 μm。天然羟基磷灰石含Mg、Zn,SYN1不含Mg、Zn,SYN2不含有Zn。②CCK-8检测显示,1,5 mg/mL的天然羟基磷灰石与SYN2促进人皮肤成纤维细胞的增殖,5,10  mg/mL的SYN1抑制人皮肤成纤维细胞的增殖。天然羟基磷灰石颗粒表面黏附的细胞数量多于SYN1、SYN2,并且天然羟基磷灰石颗粒表面的细胞铺展良好,可见丝状伪足。RT-PCR、ELISA、Western blot检测结果显示,天然羟基磷灰石颗粒组Ⅰ型胶原蛋白表达高于SYN1组、SYN2组。③Masson及天狼星红染色结果显示,天然羟基磷灰石颗粒组注射1,3个月后的皮下组织Ⅰ型胶原形成量均多于SYN2组。④结果表明,相比人工合成羟基磷灰石颗粒,天然羟基磷灰石颗粒具有更丰富的微量元素分布,可以更好地促进成纤维细胞黏附、增殖与胶原蛋白再生。

https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1229-1747(石彤彤);https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6713-4957(张建光)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料;口腔生物材料;纳米材料;缓释材料;材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 羟基磷灰石, 天然提取, 人工合成, 细胞增殖, 胶原再生, 注射填充材料, 工程化皮肤材料

Abstract: BACKGROUND: At present, hydroxyapatite has been used more and more widely in the field of facial fillers due to its good biocompatibility and low immunity. The main sources are divided into natural extraction and artificial synthesis. However, there are few comparative studies on natural extraction and artificial synthesis of hydroxyapatite, especially the difference in stimulating collagen secretion between the two. 
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the physicochemical differences between naturally derived and commercially available synthetic calcium hydroxyapatite particles and promoting collagen secretion. 
METHODS: (1) Natural hydroxyapatite particles from pig bones and two kinds of commercially available synthetic hydroxyapatite particles (denoted as SYN1 and SYN2) were used to characterize the microstructure and surface element content of the three kinds of materials. (2) The three kinds of materials with different mass concentrations (1, 5, and 10 mg/mL) were co-cultured with human skin fibroblasts. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay. The three kinds of materials at 5 mg/mL were co-cultured with human skin fibroblasts. Cell adhesion was observed by CCK-8 assay and scanning electron microscopy. The expression of type I collagen was detected by RT-PCR, ELISA, and western blot assay. (3) Twelve New Zealand rabbits were selected, of which six were subcutaneously injected with a mixture of natural hydroxyapatite and 2% sodium carboxymethylcellulose gel on the back. The remaining six rabbits were subcutaneously injected with a mixture of SYN2 and 2% sodium carboxymethylcellulose gel on the back. The samples were collected 1 and 3 months after injection and stained with Masson and Sirius red.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Scanning electron microscope showed that the crystal grains of natural hydroxyapatite particles were more regular and uniform, with holes evenly distributed between particles. The SYN1 grains were smaller and densely arranged, while the SYN2 grains were irregular. The median particle sizes of natural hydroxyapatite particles, SYN1, and SYN2 were 38, 24, and 40 μm, respectively. Natural hydroxyapatite contained Mg and Zn, SYN1 did not contain Mg and Zn, and SYN2 did not contain Zn. (2) CCK-8 assay showed that 1 and 5 mg/mL of natural hydroxyapatite and SYN2 promoted the proliferation of human skin fibroblasts, while 5 and 10 mg/mL of SYN1 inhibited the proliferation of human skin fibroblasts. The number of cells adhered to the surface of natural hydroxyapatite particles was more than that of SYN1 and SYN2, and the cells on the surface of natural hydroxyapatite particles spread well, with visible filopodia. RT-PCR, ELISA, and western blot assay results showed that the expression of type I collagen in the natural hydroxyapatite particle group was higher than that in the SYN1 group and the SYN2 group. (3) The results of Masson and Sirius red staining showed that the amount of type I collagen in the subcutaneous tissue of the natural hydroxyapatite particle group was greater than that of the SYN2 group 1 and 3 months after injection. (4) The results show that compared with synthetic hydroxyapatite particles, natural hydroxyapatite particles have a richer distribution of trace elements and can better promote fibroblast adhesion, proliferation and collagen regeneration.

Key words: hydroxyapatite, natural extracts, synthetic, cell proliferation, collagen regeneration, injectable filler material, engineered skin material

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