中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (36): 5787-5791.doi: 10.12307/2022.798

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

行走支撑期足平衡的生物力学特征

白啸天1，姜  涛1，霍洪峰1，2 ，李宗涛1   

  1. 1河北师范大学体育学院，河北省石家庄市   050024；2河北省人体运动生物信息测评重点实验室，河北省石家庄市   050024
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-22 接受日期:2021-12-15 出版日期:2022-12-28 发布日期:2022-04-26
  • 通讯作者: 姜涛，硕士，讲师，河北师范大学体育学院，河北省石家庄市 050024
  • 作者简介:白啸天，男，1997年生，辽宁省新宾满族自治县人，河北师范大学在读硕士，主要从事运动生物力学方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金项目(19BTY045)，项目负责人：李宗涛

Biomechanical characteristics of foot balance during walking support

Bai Xiaotian1, Jiang Tao1, Huo Hongfeng1, 2, Li Zongtao1   

  1. 1College of Physical Education, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei Province, China; 2Hebei Key Laboratory of Human Motion Information Evaluation, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei Province, China
  • Received:2021-11-22 Accepted:2021-12-15 Online:2022-12-28 Published:2022-04-26
  • Contact: Jiang Tao, Master, Lecturer, College of Physical Education, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei Province, China
  • About author:Bai Xiaotian, Master candidate, College of Physical Education, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Social Science Foundation of China, No. 19BTY045 (to LZT)

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摘要：

文题释义：
足平衡曲线：为除去足趾部分足内侧压力减足外侧压力的差值，用于反映足部受力偏移和足平衡特征。
支撑期各阶段：在行走支撑期，根据足部各部位触地时间可分为初始着地阶段、前掌触地阶段、整足支撑阶段和蹬伸离地4个阶段。


背景：步行是人体最基本的运动方式，探究行走时足部受力特征和双足差异对深入了解人体行走规律具有重要价值。
目的：通过对足平衡曲线的处理和分析，探究人体在步态支撑期各阶段足的功能和行走规律。
方法：通过足型筛选出116名具有正常足型的受试者，以自身最适速度行走，记录其足底压力数据，以平均值和1倍标准差绘制归一化处理的足平衡曲线，分析优势侧足和非优势侧足的曲线规律和特征值。
结果与结论：①在行走支撑期，足在水平侧受力特征不断变化，从初始着地阶段到前掌触地阶段，足通过受力的偏移稳定足部姿态；②在整足支撑阶段，足底受力向外侧偏移；在蹬伸离地阶段，足底受力由外向内偏移，人体通过双足支撑完成平衡；③人体优势足和非优势足的初始着地阶段、前掌触地阶段和整足支撑阶段和蹬伸离地阶段相对时长差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05)；④双侧足平衡曲线特征相似度呈现高度一致性，优势侧足的足平衡曲线相比于非优势侧足下移(P < 0.05)；⑤提示人体行走时支撑期足部姿态和足功能变化由足平衡曲线体现。人体双足在步态周期各阶段的功能相同，优势侧足受力相比于非优势侧向外侧偏移较多，在水平轴上执行着更充分的蹬伸功能；足平衡曲线对于人体行走规律的研究和足功能评价有着重要的参考价值。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0979-2716 (白啸天)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节；骨植入物；脊柱；骨折；内固定；数字化骨科；组织工程

关键词: 足底压力, 足功能, 足平衡曲线, 步态, 生物力学

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Walking is the most basic movement mode of the human, exploring the stress characteristics of the foot and the difference between the feet during walking is of great value to deeply understand the law of human walking. 
OBJECTIVE: To explore the foot function and walking law of human body in each stage of gait support through the processing and analysis of foot balance curve. 
METHODS: 116 subjects with normal foot type were selected by foot type and walked at their own optimal speed to record their plantar pressure data. A foot balance curve was drawn with average value and 1 times standard deviation. The curve rules and eigenvalues of dominant and non-dominant lateral feet were analyzed. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) During the walking support period, the force characteristics of the foot on the horizontal side constantly changed. From initial contact phase to forefoot contact phase, the foot stabilized its posture through the force migration. (2) In foot flat phase, the plantar force shifted to the outside. In forefoot push off phase, the plantar force shifted from outside to inside and the human body balanced through bipedal support. (3) There was no significant difference in the relative duration of initial contact phase, forefoot contact phase, foot flat phase, and forefoot push off phase between the dominant foot and the non-dominant foot (P > 0.05). (4) The characteristic similarity of the bilateral foot balance curve was highly consistent and the foot balance curve of the dominant side was lower than that of the non-dominant side (P < 0.05). (5) It is concluded that the changes of foot posture and foot function during human walking are reflected by the foot balance curve. The function of human feet is the same at all stages of the gait cycle, and the force acting on the dominant side is more lateral than that of the non-dominant side, and the pedal and extension function is more fully performed on the horizontal axis. The foot balance curve has an important reference value for the study of human walking law and the evaluation of foot function. 

Key words: plantar pressure, foot function, foot balance curve, gait, biomechanics

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