中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (28): 4553-4561.doi: 10.12307/2022.313
• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇 下一篇
谢兴琴1,聂煜绮2,张 怡1
收稿日期:
2021-02-23
接受日期:
2021-03-31
出版日期:
2022-10-08
发布日期:
2022-03-23
通讯作者:
张怡,博士,教授级高级工程师,老年性疾病干细胞技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,天晴干细胞股份有限公司,黑龙江省哈尔滨市 150028
作者简介:
谢兴琴,女,1978年生,黑龙江省海伦市人,汉族,高级工程师,主要从事再生医学技术的立项、研究和管理工作。
基金资助:
Xie Xingqin1, Nie Yuqi2, Zhang Yi1
Received:
2021-02-23
Accepted:
2021-03-31
Online:
2022-10-08
Published:
2022-03-23
Contact:
Zhang Yi, PhD, Professorial senior engineer, National and Local Joint Research and Engineering Center for Aging Diseases, Tian Qing Stem Cell Co., Ltd., Harbin 150028, Heilongjiang Province, China
About author:
Xie Xingqin, Senior engineer, National and Local Joint Research and Engineering Center for Aging Diseases, Tian Qing Stem Cell Co., Ltd., Harbin 150028, Heilongjiang Province, China
Supported by:
摘要:
文题释义:
人血小板裂解液:将人血小板进行分离、富集、激活后裂解获得的一类富含再生修复成分的液体。人血小板裂解液可以是成人外周血或脐血作为来源,经过制备的血小板裂解液可以作为再生修复材料单独或者与细胞、生物材料相结合后用于机体组织的再生修复。
人血小板裂解液制备方法:冻融、超声、表面活性剂和凝血酶 / 氯化钙等四类方法可用于制备血小板裂解液,而激活和超声等方式联合则可进一步获得超活化的血小板裂解液。
背景:人血小板裂解液富含多种可促进组织损伤修复的物质,是一类可促进组织细胞再生修复的生物材料。
目的:总结人血小板裂解液的组成、制备工艺及其近年来在人组织修复中的临床研究与应用进展。
方法:第一作者以“human platelet lysate,clinical,trial,regeneration,tissue repair,wound healing,biomaterial”为英文检索词,以“血小板裂解液,临床,临床试验,再生,组织修复,创伤愈合,生物材料”为中文检索词,应用计算机检索PubMed、clinicaltrials.gov、中国临床试验注册中心、维普、万方及知网数据库中2013年1月至2021年3月已发表的相关文献。
结果与结论:人血小板裂解液可以从自体外周血、异体外周血或脐血中制备,富含多种促进细胞生长和创伤修复相关生物活性物质。目前发表的临床研究结果表明,单独使用人血小板裂解液或者人血小板裂解液联合细胞治疗在组织修复中均具有安全性和有效性。22项正在进行的临床研究涉及到包括新冠肺炎造成的呼吸窘迫综合征、下肢血管疾病、糖尿病溃疡、面部美容等新的适应证,未来这些临床研究有效性结果将进一步增加人血小板裂解液在组织再生修复中的作用。将人血小板裂解液与组织工程材料相结合,将为其在更大组织缺损的再生修复奠定基础。
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9480-8446 (谢兴琴)
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料;口腔生物材料;纳米材料;缓释材料;材料相容性;组织工程
中图分类号:
谢兴琴, 聂煜绮, 张 怡. 生物材料人血小板裂解液在组织再生修复中的应用与作用[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2022, 26(28): 4553-4561.
Xie Xingqin, Nie Yuqi, Zhang Yi. Application and role of human platelet lysate in tissue repair and regeneration[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2022, 26(28): 4553-4561.
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人血液为原料的治疗性医疗产品包括细胞型(红细胞、血小板、粒细胞、造血干细胞)和蛋白质型(血浆、白蛋白、凝血因子等血浆中分离的单组分)两类,人血小板裂解液是其中一类源自血液的蛋白型生物医学产品[1]。人血小板裂解液是将采集的人血液富集成富血小板血浆或用单采的浓缩血小板经诱导、激活、裂解、离心、过滤等处理,充分释放血小板颗粒和膜性结构中各种起到损伤修复的成分后制成的血小板源产品[2]。20世纪70年代前后,学术界对人血小板裂解液技术的研究集中在其成分、生长因子组成、蛋白多糖活化等机制的理解和探讨。从2003年开始,人血小板裂解液特有的细胞扩增能力和干细胞性能维持作用的发现,使其发展成为细胞培养的重要添加物,替代牛源动物源血清成为临床治疗用无动物源细胞培养体系中的关键辅助原料[3]。蛋白质组学研究显示,血小板源产品富含的大量蛋白组分中有大量的促进细胞生长、组织修复、炎性控制和损伤重建的成分[4],不仅可作为细胞培养的营养物质而用于细胞治疗领域的细胞扩增,而且还可以直接作为组织损伤和修复的材料。大量的细胞学和动物学机制研究表明,人血小板裂解液能够促进各类用于再生修复的细胞增殖和分化[5-7]、控制机体炎症[8]、促进骨组织修复[9]、促进神经损伤修复等方面的作用[10]。
与通常所知的富血小板血浆或富血小板纤维蛋白等血小板源产品不同,首先人血小板裂解液制备过程是将血小板中承担组织再生修复物质充分释放,因此其促生长和修复的因子含量高;第二,人血小板裂解液是一类可溶性液态产品,具有制备过程易规范化和量化、在应用中容易获得结果的稳定性和一致性等优点[11];第三,人血小板裂解液中不含完整血小板或血小板碎片,因此可发展异体化和规模化的再生修复产品;第四,人血小板裂解液可更灵活地与干细胞或生物活性材料相结合形成组织工程化材料。因此,近年来越来越多的人血小板裂解液研究已经从基础的动物研究转向临床研究与应用领域,使得人血小板裂解液进一步演变成为了一类新型的医药产品[12]。以往的文献对人血小板裂解液在细胞学和动物研究报道和综述较多,而对其在人疾病治疗中临床研究和应用进展的全面综述缺乏。该文集中对近几年的国内外文献进行回顾,从临床转化的角度出发,综述人血小板裂解液的制备过程方法、特点和临床研究及应用结果,并对人血小板裂解液产品未来的临床应用进行展望。
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料;口腔生物材料;纳米材料;缓释材料;材料相容性;组织工程
文题释义:
人血小板裂解液:将人血小板进行分离、富集、激活后裂解获得的一类富含再生修复成分的液体。人血小板裂解液可以是成人外周血或脐血作为来源,经过制备的血小板裂解液可以作为再生修复材料单独或者与细胞、生物材料相结合后用于机体组织的再生修复。
人血小板裂解液制备方法:冻融、超声、表面活性剂和凝血酶 / 氯化钙等四类方法可用于制备血小板裂解液,而激活和超声等方式联合则可进一步获得超活化的血小板裂解液。
人血小板裂解液富含多种可促进组织损伤修复的生物活性物质。近年来人血小板裂解液在临床应用中逐渐升温,但对其临床应用研究及效果的综述性报告缺乏。该文从临床角度出发,分析了人血小板裂解液在各种组织修复疾病中安全性和有效性临床结果,同时着重分析了包括治疗新冠肺炎造成的呼吸窘迫综合征在内的多项正采用人血小板裂解液进行的临床研究及其与组织材料相结合的发展前景,为揭示人血小板裂解液作为再生修复的生物材料更广泛的临床应用奠定了基础。
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