中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (35): 9231-9238.doi: 10.12307/2026.300

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

组织/器官灌流技术的应用与进展

袁  玥1,常国欣1,林定梅1,莫梓轩1,余晶晶2,朱艺霞2,郑兆广2,3,王  岩1   

  1. 1广东药科大学,广东省广州市   510006;2佛山大学医学部,广东省佛山市   528000;3佛山新拓康制药科技有限公司,广东省佛山市   528000
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-29 修回日期:2025-12-20 出版日期:2026-12-18 发布日期:2026-04-28
  • 通讯作者: 王岩,博士,教授,硕士生导师,广东药科大学,广东省广州市 510006
  • 作者简介:袁玥,女,1999年生,广东省广州市人,广东药科大学在读硕士,主要从事药物新剂型与新技术研究。
  • 基金资助:
    广东省高等教育重点领域专项基金(2023ZDZX2058),项目负责人:郑兆广

Applications and advances of tissue/organ perfusion

Yuan Yue1, Chang Guoxin1, Lin Dingmei1, Mo Zixuan1, Yu Jingjing2, Zhu Yixia2, Zheng Zhaoguang2, 3, Wang Yan1   

  1. 1Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China; 2School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, China; 3Foshan Newtopcome Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2025-10-29 Revised:2025-12-20 Online:2026-12-18 Published:2026-04-28
  • Contact: Wang Yan, PhD, Professor, Master’s supervisor, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Yuan Yue, MS candidate, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Guangdong Provincial Key Research and Development Program, No. 2023ZDZX2058 (to ZZG)

摘要:


文题释义:
组织/器官灌流:是指在组织/器官或组织/器官的血管上插管并持续通入灌流液。整个组织/器官灌流系统主要包括混合器官、恒温水浴、气体瓶、泵、手术台、生物信号检测和分析系统,可应用于中药生物活性成分筛选、药效学与机制、药代动力学、病理机制、癌症局部治疗、组织/器官移植、组织/器官固定、细胞制备、代谢产物制备等领域。
Langendorff离体心脏灌流模型:是由Oscar Langendorff于1895年建立的经典实验技术。该模型通过主动脉逆行灌注,在离体条件下维持哺乳动物心脏的节律性搏动,为研究心脏生理学与药理学提供了理想平台。随着技术进步,这一系统已从基础灌流装置发展为集成实时监测与功能分析的综合实验平台。它的成功实践不仅推动了心脏研究的深化,更为其他器官离体灌流模型的建立提供了技术范式,促进了多器官药理学与移植医学研究的发展。

背景:组织/器官作为一个重要的生理和功能单元,应用于实验灌流研究已有200多年的历史。如今,组织/器官灌流技术已广泛应用于中药生物活性成分筛选、药效学与机制、药代动力学、病理机制、癌症局部治疗、组织/器官移植、组织/器官固定、细胞制备、代谢产物制备等领域。
目的:对组织/器官灌流技术的实验方法、影响因素及应用进展进行综述,为其实验应用提供参考。
方法:检索和分析中国知网和PubMed数据库2025年9月之前发表的相关文章,以“心脏灌流,脑灌流,肝脏灌流,肾脏灌流,肠灌流,肺灌流,神经灌流,肢体灌流”为中文检索词,以“heart perfusion/cardiac perfusion,brain perfusion,liver perfusion,kidney perfusion,intestinal perfusion,lung perfusion,neural perfusion/nerves perfusion,limb perfusion,forelimb perfusion,hindlimb perfusion,rat,rabbit”为英文检索词,排除临床试验、重复性文献和非相关文献,共筛选出86篇文献进行综述分析。
结果与结论:①组织/器官灌流技术是连接细胞实验与整体动物实验的中间桥梁,它提供了一个能够精准控制实验条件、规避活体复杂因素干扰的研究平台,在生命科学基础与应用研究中具有重要地位。②尽管不同组织/器官的灌流在操作流程上具有共性,但其成功应用高度依赖于针对特定器官的生理功能和解剖结构进行参数优化(如灌流液成分、流速等),具有基本原理相同、具体应用不同的特点。③灌流技术应用领域广阔,覆盖从新药研发到病理机制探索等多个层面,它的应用又极具针对性,例如,肠灌流用于药物吸收、肝灌流用于代谢研究、肾灌流用于排泄机制,充分发挥了不同靶器官的独特生理功能。④灌流技术本身在不断革新,从经典的Langendorff模型发展到更接近生理的“工作心脏”模型。当前,它正与转基因动物模型、器官芯片及类器官等前沿技术结合,向着更精准、更人性化的方向发展。

https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1157-2293 (袁玥) 


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 组织/器官灌流, 病理机制, 活性成分筛选, 药效, 机制, 药物代谢, 器官/组织移植, 动物模型

Abstract: BACKGROUND: As critical physiological and functional units, tissue/organ have been utilized in experimental perfusion research for over two centuries. Today, perfusion technology is widely applied in various fields, including the screening of bioactive components in traditional Chinese medicine, pharmacodynamics and mechanisms, pharmacokinetics, pathological mechanisms, local cancer therapy, tissue/organ transplantation, tissue/organ fixation, cell preparation, and metabolite production. 
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the experimental methods, influencing factors, and recent advances in tissue/organ perfusion technology, providing a reference for its practical application.
METHODS: Relevant articles published from inception to September 2025 were retrieved and analyzed from the CNKI and PubMed databases using Chinese search terms “cardiac perfusion, cerebral perfusion, liver perfusion, kidney perfusion, intestinal perfusion, lung perfusion, nerve perfusion, limb perfusion” and English search terms “heart perfusion/cardiac perfusion, brain perfusion, liver perfusion, kidney perfusion, intestinal perfusion, lung perfusion, neural perfusion/nerves perfusion, limb perfusion, forelimb perfusion, hindlimb perfusion, rat, rabbit.” After excluding clinical trials, duplicate and irrelevant articles, a total of 86 articles were selected for comprehensive review. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Tissue/organ perfusion technology serves as an essential bridge between cellular experiments and whole-animal studies, providing a controlled platform that allows for precise control of experimental conditions and avoids interference from complex in vivo factors. It holds a vital position in basic and applied research in life sciences. (2) While perfusion protocols share common operational steps across different tissue/organ, their successful application relies on parameter optimization, such as perfusion solution composition and flow rate, tailored to the specific physiological and anatomical characteristics of each organ, reflecting a principle of unified fundamentals with context-specific implementations. (3) Perfusion technology is applied across a wide range of fields, from drug development to pathological mechanism exploration. Its applications are highly targeted; for example, intestinal perfusion is used to study drug absorption, liver perfusion for metabolic research, and kidney perfusion for excretion mechanisms, leveraging the unique physiological functions of each target organ. (4) Perfusion technology continues to evolve, progressing from classical models such as the Langendorff system to more physiologically relevant setups like the working heart model. It is increasingly being integrated with advanced technologies such as transgenic animal models, organ-on-a-chip, and organoids, driving the field toward greater precision and human relevance.

Key words: tissue/organ perfusion, pathological mechanisms, active ingredient screening, pharmacological effects, mechanisms, drug metabolism, tissue/organ transplantation, animal models

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