中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (30): 7989-7999.doi: 10.12307/2026.960
• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇
秦可一1,2,陆加霖1,3,徐嘉艺1,2,高 雨1,常 非1
收稿日期:2026-05-22
修回日期:2026-06-08
出版日期:2026-10-28
发布日期:2026-09-15
通讯作者:
常非,博士,主任医师,教授,吉林大学第二医院足踝外科,吉林省长春市 130041
作者简介:秦可一,女,河南省郑州市人,汉族,吉林大学白求恩第二临床医学院本科在读,主要从事软骨损伤与修复方面的研究。
基金资助:Qin Keyi1, 2, Lu Jialin1, 3, Xu Jiayi1, 2, Gao Yu1, Chang Fei1
Received:2026-05-22
Revised:2026-06-08
Online:2026-10-28
Published:2026-09-15
Contact:
Chang Fei, MD, Chief physician, Professor, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
About author:Qin Keyi, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China; Norman Bethune Second Clinical Medical College, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
Supported by:摘要:
文题释义:
骨软骨界面:指关节软骨与软骨下骨之间由潮线、钙化软骨及骨水泥线构成的过渡连接区域,具有应力传递与结构整合等功能。
骨关节炎:是一种常见的慢性退行性关节疾病,主要特征为关节软骨进行性破坏、丢失,伴随软骨下骨重塑、骨赘形成以及骨软骨界面结构改变。它由年龄、创伤、异常机械应力等多种因素引起,最终导致关节疼痛、僵硬、活动受限和功能障碍,是中老年人残疾的主要原因之一。
背景:关节软骨修复是临床难题,传统修复策略主要关注软骨组织,往往忽视连接软骨与软骨下骨的骨软骨界面,导致出现整合不良等并发症。
目的:综述骨软骨界面的结构特征、生物与生物力学功能及在骨关节炎中的病理改变,并探讨跨物种模型的特征差异与临床修复策略的演进,以期为组织工程修复和仿生支架设计提供理论依据。
方法:基于系统文献检索策略,收集PubMed、Web of Science数据库及中国知网中的相关研究,按照预设纳入标准进行筛选,并对骨软骨界面的结构特征、功能作用及在骨关节炎中的病理改变以及临床转化研究进行归纳与综合分析。
结果与结论:骨软骨界面通过独特的成分与结构实现软硬组织的功能整合。骨软骨界面具有典型微纳米分层结构特征,由潮线、钙化软骨和骨水泥线构成,并通过肌联蛋白和蛋白聚糖梯度、胶原纤维转变、矿化异质性和拓扑互锁结构实现营养交换、分子筛选和应力传递等关键生理功能,从而维持关节稳态。在骨关节炎进展过程中,骨软骨界面结构完整性受损,矿化模式紊乱,同时出现炎症与血管异常侵袭,这些改变破坏骨软骨界面生理功能,最终导致关节微环境失衡并加速退行性变。此外,不同物种及实验模型在界面结构与力学环境方面存在差异,研究结果在向临床外推时需谨慎解读。目前的临床修复策略多未能有效重建界面结构与功能梯度,是影响长期疗效的重要因素之一。未来应发展具备多级梯度及界面仿生特征的修复策略,以实现骨软骨单元的一体化再生。
https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8897-2666 (秦可一);https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7141-5794 (常非)
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
中图分类号:
秦可一, 陆加霖, 徐嘉艺, 高 雨, 常 非. 骨软骨界面结构与功能及在骨关节炎中的病理改变[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2026, 30(30): 7989-7999.
Qin Keyi, Lu Jialin, Xu Jiayi, Gao Yu, Chang Fei. Structural and functional features of the osteochondral interface and its pathological alterations in osteoarthritis[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2026, 30(30): 7989-7999.






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1.1.7 检索策略 以PubMed数据库检索策略为例,见图2。
1.3 资料提取与质量评价 由2名研究员独立进行文献筛选与数据提取。首先,阅读文章题目及摘要进行初筛,排除与研究目的明显不符的文献;随后,对剩余文献进行全文审阅,根据纳入与排除标准评估证据水平及研究设计的严谨性。若在筛选过程中产生分歧,则通过通讯作者协助或共同讨论达成一致。最终根据PRISMA 2020标准流程图(图3)确定纳入93篇符合标准的文献进行综述,确保综述内容的代表性与客观性。
骨软骨界面的损伤机制与再生研究是目前骨科与组织工程领域公认的难点。传统的修复手段,如微骨折术和软骨移植术,往往因忽视骨软骨界面的梯度特性而导致移植物纤维化、整合不良或早期塌陷。目前的研究热点已从单一组织修复转向骨-界面-软骨一体化构建。随着空间转录组学和纳米力学,以及材料科学和增材制造打印技术的飞速发展,研究者们正致力于在微纳米尺度上揭示潮线及钙化软骨的稳态维持机制,并通过多相甚至梯度支架精准模拟界面的成分与力学跃迁。本综述通过系统梳理骨软骨界面的结构、功能及缺损病理演变规律,旨在为跨尺度的界面仿生设计及寻找阻断退行性变的分子靶点提供理论支撑。
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
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