中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (21): 5468-5476.doi: 10.12307/2026.221

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

膝骨关节炎关节镜微创治疗后步态参数特征与关节功能恢复的关系

方  超,邓  淼,王  扬,高  飞,李佳航,余芳芳   

  1. 武警重庆总队医院骨科,重庆市   400061
  • 接受日期:2025-08-04 出版日期:2026-07-28 发布日期:2026-03-04
  • 通讯作者: 邓淼,副主任医师,硕士,武警重庆总队医院骨科,重庆市 400061
  • 作者简介:方超,男,1990年生,黑龙江省依兰县人,汉族,主治医师,主要从事骨科方面的研究。

Relationship between gait parameter characteristics and joint function recovery after arthroscopic minimally invasive surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis

Fang Chao, Deng Miao, Wang Yang, Gao Fei, Li Jiahang, Yu Fangfang   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing Armed Police Corps Hospital, Chongqing 400061, China
  • Accepted:2025-08-04 Online:2026-07-28 Published:2026-03-04
  • Contact: Deng Miao, MS, Associate chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing Armed Police Corps Hospital, Chongqing 400061, China
  • About author:Fang Chao, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing Armed Police Corps Hospital, Chongqing 400061, China

摘要:

文题释义:

膝骨关节炎:是指由于膝关节软骨变性、骨质增生而引起的一种慢性骨关节疾患,是膝关节疼痛和致残的主要原因,其病变累及软骨下骨、滑膜和关节周围软组织,多发生于中老年人,可单侧发病或双侧发病。
步态分析:是运用生物力学方法及运动学知识,采集、分析行走过程中人体步态参数,从而客观、定量评价受试者步行状态的专门技术。

摘要
背景:微创关节镜术后改善膝骨关节炎的效果存在个体差异,且主观评分量表评价关节镜手术治疗膝骨关节炎的临床疗效存在偏颇。
目的:探讨膝骨关节炎患者关节镜微创术后步态参数与关节功能恢复的相关性。
方法:选择2023年10月至2024年10月武警重庆总队医院收治的膝骨关节炎患者98例,根据随访6个月的膝关节功能Lysholm评分分为优良组(n=63)和可差组(n=35)。收集患者性别、年龄、体质量指数、病程、呼吸、心率、Kellgren-Lawrence分级、吸烟史、饮酒史、高血压史、发病部位和术后并发症等临床资料,比较两组患者手术相关指标及术前术后不同时间膝关节功能评分及步态参数特征。多因素Logistic回归分析影响膝关节功能恢复的独立危险因素;分层回归分析治疗后不同临床病理特征对步态参数的影响;广义估计方程分析治疗后不同膝关节功能患者步态参数的差异;广义相加模型分析治疗后步态参数对Lysholm评分的影响。绘制受试者工作特征曲线,分析治疗后步态参数判断膝关节功能恢复情况的价值。
结果与结论:①优良组和可差组患者在年龄、病程、Kellgren-Lawrence分级和术后并发症方面差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);②可差组手术时间、术中出血量、术后肿胀消退时间、康复时间多于优良组(P < 0.05);③术后可差组西安大略和麦克玛斯特大学骨关节炎指数和目测类比评分高于优良组,Lysholm评分、步频和步速均低于优良组(P < 0.05);④Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、Kellgren-Lawrence分级、术后并发症、术后肿胀消退时间是影响膝关节功能恢复的独立危险因素(P < 0.05);⑤分层回归分析结果显示,年龄、Kellgren-Lawrence分级、术后肿胀消退时间、术后并发症均对步频、步速产生负向影响(β < 0,P < 0.05);⑥广义估计方程分析结果显示,膝关节功能恢复程度与步态特征存在关联(β > 0,P < 0.05);⑦广义相加模型分析结果显示,治疗后步频和步速对Lysholm评分的影响表现为直线关系;⑧受试者工作特征曲线分析结果显示,步频与步速二者联合检测时预测效能更高(曲线下面积> 0.85,P < 0.05);⑨提示膝骨关节炎患者关节镜术后可以改善膝关节功能,并通过动态追踪术后步态参数变化,结合功能评分量表,揭示了步频、步速与膝关节功能转归的关联性,进一步明确了其临床预测价值,为临床功能评估提供了新的量化工具,以实现更精准的术后康复指导。



中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 膝骨关节炎, 关节镜, 微创手术, 步态参数, 膝关节功能, Logistic回归分析

Abstract: BACKGROUND: There are individual differences in the effectiveness of arthroscopic surgery in improving knee osteoarthritis, and subjective scoring scales may be biased in evaluating the clinical efficacy of arthroscopic treatment for knee osteoarthritis.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the correlation between gait parameters and joint function recovery in patients with knee osteoarthritis after arthroscopic surgery.
METHODS: A total of 98 patients with knee osteoarthritis admitted to Chongqing Armed Police Corps Hospital from October 2023 to October 2024 were selected as the research subjects. According to Lysholm knee function score after 6 months of follow-up, they were divided into the excellent group (n=63) and the fair group (n=35). Clinical data including gender, age, body mass index, disease duration, respiration, heart rate, Kellgren-Lawrence grade, smoking history, drinking history, hypertension history, location of onset, and postoperative complications were collected. The intraoperative and postoperative indicators, as well as the knee joint function scores and gait parameters at different times before and after surgery were compared between the two groups. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the independent influencing factors of knee joint function recovery. Stratified regression analysis was conducted to explore the impact of different clinical and pathological characteristics after treatment on gait parameters. Generalized estimating equations were used to analyze the differences in gait parameters among patients with different knee joint functions after treatment. Generalized additive models were used to analyze the impact of gait parameters after treatment on the Lysholm score. Receiver operating characteristic curves were drawn to analyze the value of gait parameters in predicting the recovery of knee joint function after treatment.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There were statistically significant differences in age, disease duration, Kellgren-Lawrence grade, and postoperative complications between the excellent group and the fair group (P < 0.05). (2) The fair group had longer operation time, more intraoperative blood loss, longer time for swelling to subside, and longer rehabilitation time than the excellent group (P < 0.05). (3) The fair group had higher Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index and Visual Analogue Scale scores, and lower Lysholm scores, step frequency, and step speed than the excellent group (P < 0.05). (4) Logistic regression analysis showed that age, Kellgren-Lawrence grade, postoperative complications, and time for swelling to subside were independent risk factors for knee joint function recovery (P < 0.05). (5) Stratified regression analysis showed that age, Kellgren-Lawrence grade, time for swelling to subside, and postoperative complications had negative effects on step frequency and step speed (β < 0, P < 0.05). (6) Generalized estimating equation analysis showed that there was a correlation between the degree of knee joint function recovery and gait characteristics (β > 0, P < 0.05). (7) Generalized additive model analysis showed that the impact of step frequency and step speed on the Lysholm score after treatment was linear. (8) Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the combined detection of step frequency and step speed had higher predictive efficacy (Area under the curve > 0.85, P < 0.05). (9) It suggests that arthroscopic surgery for knee osteoarthritis can improve knee joint function. By dynamically tracking changes in postoperative gait parameters and combining with functional scoring scales, the correlation between step frequency, step speed, and the outcome of knee joint function can be revealed, further clarifying its clinical predictive value. This provides a new quantitative tool for clinical functional assessment and enables more precise postoperative rehabilitation guidance.

Key words: knee osteoarthritis, arthroscopy, minimally invasive surgery, gait parameter, knee function, Logistic regression analysis

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